Eukrohniidae is a

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

of sagittoideans in the

order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood * Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...

Phragmophora Phragmophora is an order of sagittoideans in the phylum Chaetognatha. Families *Eukrohniidae Tokioka, 1965 *Heterokrohniidae Casanova, 1985Casanova, J. (1985). Description de l'appareil génital primitif du genre ''Heterokrohnia'' et nouvelle ...

. It consists of a single genus, ''Eukrohnia'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909.von Ritter-Za'hony, R. (1909). Die Chaetognathen der Gazelle-Expedition. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'', 34, 787–793.

History

The first species of Eukrohniidae, ''Eukrohnia hamata'', was identified by

Karl Möbius Karl August Möbius (7 February 1825 in Eilenburg – 26 April 1908 in Berlin) was a German zoologist who was a pioneer in the field of ecology and a former director of the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. Early life Möbius was born in Eilen ...

in 1875. The

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

was named ''Eukrohnia'' by R. von Ritter-Záhony in 1909 after

August David Krohn August David Krohn (1803–1891) was a Saint Petersburg born zoologist of German origin. He was the son of Abraham Krohn, the founder of Russia's first brewery, who had left the island of Rügen to serve in the court of Catherine the Great. He wa ...

. The family was named ''Eukrohniidae'' by

Takasi Tokioka was a Japanese zoologist. He published over 200 scientific articles on marine animals such as chaetognaths, ctenophores, and tunicates. He was Professor of Zoology at Kyoto University working at the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory in Shirahama, ...

in 1965. One of the species, ''Eukrohnia fowleri'', is bioluminescent.Thuesen, E. V., Goetz, F. E. & Haddock, S. H. (2010). Bioluminescent organs of two deep-sea arrow worms, ''Eukrohnia fowleri'' and ''Caecosagitta macrocephala'', with further observations on bioluminescence in chaetognaths. ''Biological Bulletin'', 219(2), 100–111.

Species

*'' Eukrohnia bathyantarctica'' David, 1958David, P. (1958). A new species of ''Eukrohnia'' from the southern Ocean with a note on fertilization. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'', 131(4), 597–606. *'' Eukrohnia bathypelagica'' Alvariño, 1962Alvariño, A. (1962). Two new Pacific chaetognaths, their distribution and relationship to allied species. ''Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography'', 8(1), 1–50. *''

Eukrohnia calliops Eukrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. It consists of a single genus, ''Eukrohnia'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909.von Ritter-Za'hony, R. (1909). Die Chaetognathen der Gazelle-Expedition. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'', 34, 78 ...

'' McLelland, 1989McLelland, J. A. (1989). ''Eukrohnia calliops'', a new species of Chaetognatha from the northern Gulf of Mexico with notes on related species. ''Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington'', 102(1), 33–44. *''

Eukrohnia flaccicoeca Eukrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. It consists of a single genus, ''Eukrohnia'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909.von Ritter-Za'hony, R. (1909). Die Chaetognathen der Gazelle-Expedition. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'', 34, 78 ...

'' Casanova, 1986Casanova, J. P. (1986). Deux nouvelles espe/'ces dEukrohnia'' (Chaetognathes) de l'Atlantique sudtropical africain. ''Bulletin de Muse'um National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris'', 4(8), 819–833. *''

Eukrohnia fowleri ''Eukrohnia fowleri'' is a deep-sea marine arrow worm. It is the only known bioluminescent member of the genus ''Eukrohnia'', and one of the two known species of bioluminescent arrow worms, the other being the distantly related ''Caecosagitta mac ...

'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909 *'' Eukrohnia hamata'' (Möbius, 1875)Möbius, K. (1875). Vermes. ''Jahresbericht der Commission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel für die Jahre 1872, 1873'', 2, 153–170. *'' Eukrohnia kitoui'' Kuroda, 1981Kuroda, K. (1981). A new chaetognath, ''Eukrohnia kitoui'' n. sp., from the entrance to Tokyo Bay. ''Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory'', 26(1), 177–185. *'' Eukrohnia macroneura'' Casanova, 1986 *'' Eukrohnia minuta'' Silas & Srinivasan, 1969Silas, E. & Srinivasan, M. (1969). A new species of ''Eukrohnia'' from the Indian Seas with notes on three other species of Chaetognatha. ''Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India'', 10, 1–33. *''

Eukrohnia proboscidea Eukrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. It consists of a single genus, ''Eukrohnia'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909.von Ritter-Za'hony, R. (1909). Die Chaetognathen der Gazelle-Expedition. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'', 34, 78 ...

'' Furnestin & Ducret, 1965Furnstein, M. & Ducret, F. (1965). ''Eukrohnia proboscidea'', nouvelle espèce de Chaetognaths. ''Revue des Travaux de l'Institut des Pêches Maritimes'', 29(3), 271–273. *''

Eukrohnia sinica Eukrohniidae is a family of sagittoideans in the order Phragmophora. It consists of a single genus, ''Eukrohnia'' von Ritter-Záhony, 1909.von Ritter-Za'hony, R. (1909). Die Chaetognathen der Gazelle-Expedition. ''Zoologischer Anzeiger'', 34, 78 ...

'' Zhang & Chen, 1983

References

Chaetognatha Monogeneric protostome families {{Chaetognatha-stub