''Eufriesea'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
euglossine
The tribe (biology), tribe Euglossini, in the subfamily Apinae, commonly known as orchid bees or euglossine bees, are the only group of Pollen basket, corbiculate bees whose non-parasitic members do not all possess Eusociality, eusocial behavior. ...
bee
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyly, monophyletic lineage within the ...
s. Like all
orchid bee
The tribe Euglossini, in the subfamily Apinae, commonly known as orchid bees or euglossine bees, are the only group of corbiculate bees whose non-parasitic members do not all possess eusocial behavior.
Description
Most of the tribe's species ...
s, they are restricted to the
Neotropics
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropics, tropical Ecoregion#Terrestrial, terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperat ...
.
All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be brown/black in color and hairy.
Distribution
''Eufriesea'' is the most widely distributed genus of euglossines. Specimens have been found from
Texas
Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...
to central
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...
.
[Gonzalez VH, Griswold T, Simões M (2017) On the identity of the adventive species of ''Eufriesea'' Cockerell in the USA: systematics and potential distribution of the ''coerulescens'' species group (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55: 55-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.12209]
''E. purpurata''
At least one species in this genus, ''
Eufriesea purpurata
''Eufriesea'' is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics.
All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be br ...
'' from
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
, has been shown to deliberately collect large quantities of the
insecticide
Insecticides are substances used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry and by consumers. Insecticides are claimed to b ...
DDT
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochloride. Originally developed as an insecticide, it became infamous for its environmental impacts. ...
without any apparent adverse effects.
Individual bees were observed to collect as much as 2 mg, which is equivalent to several percent of the bee's weight. Bees were observed to return to the walls of houses that had been recently sprayed with DDT and to collect the dried insecticide. The males of orchid bees are known to collect aromatic fragrances from certain kinds of
orchid
Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant.
Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...
s, and it is thought that they use these in territorial display and courtship, probably as precursors of their own
pheromones
A pheromone () is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting like hormones outside the body of the secreting individual, to affect the behavio ...
. Some orchid bees have also been found to collect fragrances from rotten wood.
Name
The genus is named after
entomologist
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...
Heinrich Friese
Heinrich Friese (Heinrich Friedrich August Karl Ludwig Friese, was born on 4 May, 1860 in Schwerin, and died 8 September, 1948 in Schwerin) was a German biologist and entomologist, specialist of bees ( melittologist). .
Species
* ''
E. aeniventris''
( Mocsáry, 1896)
* ''
Eufriesea andina
''Eufriesea'' is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics.
All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be br ...
''
(Friese, 1925)
* ''
E. anisochlora''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. atlantica''
Nemésio, 2008
* ''
E. auriceps''
(Friese
Friese may refer to:
* Carl Friese, an American mycologist
* Christian-Peter Friese, (1948-1970), victim at the Berlin wall
* Donald Friese (born 1940), American billionaire businessman
* Friedemann Friese (born 1970), German board game designer
...
, 1899)
* ''
E. auripes''
(Gribodo, 1882)
* ''
E. bare''
González & Gaiani, 1989
* ''
Eufriesea barthelli
''Eufriesea'' is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics.
All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be br ...
''
Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
* ''
E. boharti''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. brasilianorum''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
Eufriesea buchwaldi
''Eufriesea'' is a genus of euglossine bees. Like all orchid bees, they are restricted to the Neotropics.
All species range from entirely to at least partially metallic (the face and/or tegulae), though much of the body in some species may be br ...
''
(Friese, 1923)
* ''
E. caerulescens''
( Lepeletier, 1841)
* ''
E. chaconi''
González & Gaiani, 1989
* ''
E. chalybaea''
(Friese, 1923)
* ''
E. chrysopyga''
(Mocsáry, 1898)
* ''
E. combinata''
(Mocsáry, 1897)
* ''
E. concava''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
E. convexa''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
E. corusca''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
Eufriesea dentilabris''
(Mocsáry, 1897)
* ''
E. distinguenda''
(Gribodo, 1882)
* ''
E. dressleri''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. duckei''
(Friese, 1923)
* ''
E. eburneocincta''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. elegans''
( Lepeletier, 1841)
* ''
Eufriesea engeli''
Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
* ''
E. excellens''
(Friese, 1925)
* ''
E. fallax''
(Smith
Smith may refer to:
People
* Metalsmith, or simply smith, a craftsman fashioning tools or works of art out of various metals
* Smith (given name)
* Smith (surname), a family name originating in England, Scotland and Ireland
** List of people wi ...
, 1854)
* ''
E. flaviventris''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
E. formosa''
(Mocsáry, 1908)
* ''
E. fragrocara''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
Eufriesea heideri''
Nemésio & Bembé, 2008
* ''
Eufriesea insularis''
Ayala et al., 2022
* ''
E. kimimari''
González & Gaiani, 1989
* ''
E. laniventris''
(Ducke, 1902)
* ''
E. limbata''
(Mocsáry, 1897)
* ''
E. lucida''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. lucifera''
Kimsey, 1977
* ''
E. macroglossa''
(Moure, 1965)
* ''
E. magrettii''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
E. mariana''
(Mocsáry, 1896)
* ''
E. mexicana''
(Mocsáry, 1897)
* ''
E. micheneri''
(Ayala & Engel, 2008)
* ''
E. mussitans''
( Fabricius, 1787)
* ''
E. nigrescens''
(Friese, 1925)
* ''
E. nigrohirta''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
Eufriesea oliveri''
Gonzalez & Griswold 2017
* ''
E. opulenta''
(Mocsáry, 1908)
* ''
E. ornata''
(Mocsáry, 1896)
* ''
E. pallida''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. pretiosa''
(Friese, 1903)
* ''
E. pulchra''
(Smith, 1854)
* ''
E. purpurata''
(Mocsáry, 1896)
* ''
Eufriesea pyrrhopyga''
Faria & Melo 2011
* ''
E. rufocauda''
(Kimsey, 1977)
* ''
E. rugosa''
(Friese, 1899)
* ''
E. schmidtiana''
(Friese, 1925)
* ''
E. simillima''
(Moure & Michener, 1965)
* ''
E. superba''
( Hoffmannsegg, 1817)
* ''
E. surinamensis''
(Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
, 1758
Events
January–March
* January 1 РSwedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linn̩) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the sta ...
)
* ''
E. theresiae''
(Mocsáry, 1908)
* ''
E. velutina''
(Moure, 1999)
* ''
E. venezolana''
(Schrottky, 1913)
* ''
E. venusta''
(Moure, 1965)
* ''
E. vidua''
(Moure, 1976)
* ''
E. violacea''
(Blanchard
Blanchard is a French family name. It is also used as a given name. It derives from the Old French word ''blanchart'' which meant "whitish, bordering upon white". It is also an obsolete term for a white horse.
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, ...
, 1840)
* ''
E. violascens''
(Mocsáry, 1898)
* ''
E. zhangi''
Nemésio, Júnior and Santos, 2013
References
Further reading
* (1993): Nonfloral sources of chemicals that attract male euglossine bees (Apidae: Euglossini). ''Journal of Chemical Ecology'' 19(12): 1573–1561.
* (2004): Phylogeny and Biology of Neotropical Orchid Bees (Euglossini). ''Annual Review of Entomology'' 49: 377–404.
* (1989): ''Ecology and natural history of tropical bees''. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
* (2007): Revisiting the organohalogens associated with 1979-samples of Brazilian bees (''Eufriesea purpurata''). ''Science of the Total Environment'' 377: 371–377.
External links
* David Roubik (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute): Diagnostic photographs of several ''Eufriesea'' species:
''E. mussitans''Â
''E. ornata''Â
''E. pulchra''Â
''E. purpurata''Â
''E. surinamensis''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4038259
Euglossini
Taxa named by Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell
Bee genera
Orchid pollinators