''Saturnia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of moths in the family

Saturniidae Saturniidae, commonly known as saturniids, is a family of Lepidoptera with an estimated 2,300 described species. The family contains some of the largest species of moths in the world. Notable members include the emperor moths, royal moths, and gi ...

first described by

Franz Paula von Schrank Franz von Paula Schrank (21 August 1747, in Vornbach – 22 December 1835) was a German priest, botanist and entomologist. He was ordained as a priest in Vienna in 1784, gaining his doctorate in theology two years later. In 1786 he was named ch ...

in 1802. They are large moths, commonly called emperor moths though this is also used for various close relatives in subfamily

Saturniinae The Saturniinae or saturniines are a subfamily of the family Saturniidae. They are commonly known as emperor moths or wild silk moths. They are easily spotted by the eyespots on the upper surface of their wings. Some exhibit realistic eye-like ...

. Most are

Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Sibe ...

, but three species (''S. mendocino'', ''S. walterorum'' and ''S. albofasciata'', commonly known as saturnia moths) occur in the

chaparral Chaparral ( ) is a shrubland plant community and geographical feature found primarily in the U.S. state of California, in southern Oregon, and in the northern portion of the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. It is shaped by a Mediterranean c ...

California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...

Species

The known species of ''Saturnia'' are: * '' Saturnia albofasciata'' (Johnson, 1938) – white-streaked saturnia (mostly in ''

Calosaturnia ''Calosaturnia'' is a genus of moths in the family Saturniidae first described by Smith in 1886. The genus is sometimes included in ''Saturnia (moth), Saturnia''. Species *''Calosaturnia albofasciata'' J.W. Johnson, 1938 *''Calosaturnia mendocino ...

'') * '' Saturnia atlantica'' Lucas, 1848 * '' Saturnia bieti'' Oberthür, 1886 * '' Saturnia cameronensis'' Lemaire, 1979 * '' Saturnia centralis'' Naumann & Loeffler, 2005 * '' Saturnia cephalariae'' (Romanoff, 1885) (sometimes in ''Eudia'') * '' Saturnia cidosa'' Moore, 1865 * ''

Saturnia cognata Saturnia () is a spa town in Tuscany in north-central Italy that has been inhabited since ancient times. It is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' of Manciano, in the province of Grosseto. Famous for the spa which gives it its name, its population i ...

'' Jordan in Seitz, 1911 * '' Saturnia koreanis'' Brechlin, 2009 * '' Saturnia luctifera'' Jordan in Seitz, 1911 * '' Saturnia mendocino'' Behrens, 1876 – Mendocino saturnia (mostly in ''

'') * ''

Saturnia pavonia ''Saturnia pavonia'', the small emperor moth, is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. Sometimes, the incorrect genus name ''Pavonia'' is still used for this ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – small emperor moth (sometimes in ''Eudia'') * ''

Saturnia pavoniella ''Saturnia pavoniella'' is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is found in the alpine regions of Austria, Italy (including Sicily) and the Czech Republic across south-eastern Europe to northern Turkey and the Caucasus. It is possibly also presen ...

'' (Scopoli, 1763) (sometimes in ''Eudia'') * ''

Saturnia pinratanai Saturnia () is a spa town in Tuscany in north-central Italy that has been inhabited since ancient times. It is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' of Manciano, in the province of Grosseto. Famous for the spa which gives it its name, its population i ...

'' Lampe, 1989 * ''

Saturnia pyri ''Saturnia pyri'', the giant peacock moth, great peacock moth, giant emperor moth or Viennese emperor, is a Saturniid moth which is native to Europe. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is the l ...

'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) – giant emperor moth, Viennese emperor moth * ''

Saturnia spini ''Saturnia spini'', the sloe emperor moth, is a moth of the family Saturniidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found from eastern Austria and Poland across eastern and south-eastern Europe ...

'' (Denis & Schiffermuller, 1775) – sloe emperor moth (sometimes in ''Eudia'') * ''

Saturnia taibaishanis Saturnia () is a spa town in Tuscany in north-central Italy that has been inhabited since ancient times. It is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' of Manciano, in the province of Grosseto. Famous for the spa which gives it its name, its population i ...

'' Brechlin, 2009 * ''

Saturnia walterorum ''Saturnia walterorum'', or Walter's saturnia moth, is a species of silkmoth in the family Saturniidae Saturniidae, commonly known as saturniids, is a family of Lepidoptera with an estimated 2,300 described species. The family contains some of ...

'' Hogue & Johnson, 1958 – Walter's saturnia (mostly in ''

'') * ''

Saturnia zuleika ''Saturnia zuleika'' (commonly referred to as ''Neoris zuleika'') is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is found in India and West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of Ind ...

'' Hope, 1843 Formerly placed here was the

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

ian ''

Arsenura pandora ''Arsenura pandora'' is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is known from Brazil. One of ''Arsenura pandora's'' close relatives is ''Arsenura armida,'' which is also found in Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Repub ...

''. Whether the autumn emperor moth ('' Perisomena caecigena''), here separated in a

monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispec ...

, is not actually better included in ''Saturnia'' needs to be determined; the same goes for the genus '' Neoris''.

References

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Saturnia (Moth)