The Esteiro Lighthouse ( pt, Farol do Esteiro) is an active Portuguese

lighthouse A lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of physical structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lenses and to serve as a beacon for navigational aid, for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways. Lighthouses mar ...

located at Oeiras, about 10 km west of the centre of

Lisbon Lisbon (; pt, Lisboa ) is the capital and largest city of Portugal, with an estimated population of 544,851 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km2. Grande Lisboa, Lisbon's urban area extends beyond the city's administr ...

, in parkland that also contains the National Stadium of Portugal. It is a rectangular masonry tower covered with white tiles. The south side has two red horizontal bands that serve as identification during daylight.

History

On August 1, 1878, two red lights were introduced at Alto de Caxias and

Porto Covo Porto Covo is one of the two civil parishes in the municipality of Sines, located along the western Alentejo coast of Portugal, about south of Lisbon. The population in 2011 was 1,038,Port of Lisbon The Port of Lisbon (Portuguese: ''Porto de Lisboa'') is the third-largest port in Portugal, mainly on the north sides of the Tagus's large natural harbour that opens west, through a short strait, onto the Atlantic Ocean. Each part lies against cen ...

. Initially the lights were housed in wooden constructions but in December 1879, when the towers had been completed, fixed red lights were installed in both. They each consisted of a catoptric device with a parabolic reflector and an Argand lamp with two twists. In 1913 it was decided to transfer these lights to Esteiro and Gibalta with the intention that these, together with the nearby Mama lighthouse would mark the channel into Lisbon's port. The Esteiro lighthouse went into operation in May 1914. Its tower is 15 meters high and the light is 82 meters above sea level. It is several hundred metres inland, about 800 metres northeast of the Gibalta light. The optical apparatus is dioptric catadioptric, a fifth-order bulls-eye Fresnel lens. The light is red, fixed, illuminating an arc of 15º. From March 1916 to December 1918, it was not used due to

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. In 1926 two red central stripes were painted on the face of the tower facing south, thus showing five bands of equal width, alternately white and red. A building was built next to the tower in 1949 in order to install a radio beacon. The light was electrified with power from the public grid in 1951. In the event of a power failure, an automatic backup generator was available. Also in 1951, a flashing light was introduced with four-second flashes. In 1957 a new installation means that in the event of electricity failure, the light automatically switches to acetylene gas. In 1970, four fluorescent lamps of mounted in watertight containers on the outside of the tower. Since 1997 the Esteiro lighthouse has been lit continuously throughout the year. A

radar beacon Radar beacon (short: racon) is – according to ''article 1.103'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR) – defined as "A transmitter-receiver associated with a fixed navigational mark which, when trig ...

has also been installed.

References

External links

* {{Lighthouses in Europe Lighthouses in Portugal Buildings and structures in Oeiras, Portugal

History

See also

References

External links