Corbeil-Essonnes () on the

River Seine ) , mouth_location = Le Havre/Honfleur , mouth_coordinates = , mouth_elevation = , progression = , river_system = Seine basin , basin_size = , tributaries_left = Yonne, Loing, Eure, Risle , tributarie ...

is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the southern suburbs of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Although neighboring Évry is the official seat of the

Arrondissement of Évry The arrondissement of Évry is an arrondissement of France in the Essonne department in the Île-de-France region. It has 51 communes. Its population is 539,918 (2019), and its area is . Composition The communes of the arrondissement of Évry, a ...

, the sub-prefecture building and administration are located inside the commune of Corbeil-Essonnes.

History

Traces of human presence in the area date to the

Palaeolithic The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic (), also called the Old Stone Age (from Greek: παλαιός ''palaios'', "old" and λίθος ''lithos'', "stone"), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone too ...

and

Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts ...

ages; later it was a Gallo-Roman settlement on the main road from Paris to

Sens Sens () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yonne Departments of France, department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, 120 km from Paris. Sens is a Subprefectures in France, sub-prefecture and the second city of the d ...

. The name Corbeil is derived from the Latin ''Corbulium'', from the

Gaulish Gaulish was an ancient Celtic languages, Celtic language spoken in parts of Continental Europe before and during the period of the Roman Empire. In the narrow sense, Gaulish was the language of the Celts of Gaul (now France, Luxembourg, Belgium ...

''cor beel'', meaning "holy house". Since the time of Aymon, comte de Corbeil (died 957), to the 12th century it was the chief town of a powerful county, which passed to Mauger, son of

Richard I of Normandy Richard I (28 August 932 – 20 November 996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French: ''Richard Sans-Peur''; Old Norse: ''Jarl Rikard''), was the count of Rouen from 942 to 996.Detlev Schwennicke, '' Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln ...

William de Corbeil William de Corbeil or William of Corbeil (21 November 1136) was a medieval Archbishop of Canterbury. Very little is known of William's early life or his family, except that he was born at Corbeil, south of Paris, and that he had two brothers. E ...

(died 1136) became

archbishop of Canterbury The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Justi ...

, but nothing is known for certain about his parentage. The

Gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, the ethnonym of a group of East Germanic tribes **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Crimean Gothic, the Gothic language spoken b ...

church was built in the tenth century and rebuilt in the fifteenth century. Before the expulsion of the Jews Corbeil had a flourishing Jewish community, which numbered thirteenth-century scholars

Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil (died 1280) ( he, יצחק בן יוסף מקורבי"ל) was a 13th-century French rabbi and tosafist, best known as the author of ''Sefer Mitzvot Ḳatan.'' Biography Isaac was the son-in-law of R. Yechiel of Paris, ...

and

Perez ben Elijah Perez ben Elijah of Corbeil (died 1295) was a French tosafist, son of the Talmudist Elijah of Tours. In Talmudic literature he is designated by the abbreviations RaP (= Rabbeinu Perez), RaPaSh (= Rabbeinu Perez, may he live), and MaHaRPaSh (= our m ...

Peter of Corbeil Peter of Corbeil (died 3 June 1222), born at Corbeil, was a preacher and canon of Notre Dame de Paris, a scholastic philosopher and master of theology at the University of Paris, ca 1189. He is remembered largely because his aristocratic student ...

(died 1222) was the teacher of Lotario de' Conti, who became pope as

Innocent III Pope Innocent III ( la, Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni), was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1198 to his death in 16 J ...

. Representatives of the king of France signed two treaties of Corbeil in the town, the

Treaty of Corbeil (1258) The Treaty of Corbeil was an agreement signed on 11 May 1258, in Corbeil (today Corbeil-Essonnes, in the region of Île-de-France) between Louis IX of France and James I of Aragon. The French king, as the heir of Charlemagne, renounced the claims ...

between France and Aragon and the

Treaty of Corbeil (1326) The Treaty of Corbeil (1326) renewed the Auld Alliance between France and Scotland. It confirmed the obligation of each state to join the other in declaring war if either was attacked by England. The deputation (delegation) from Scotland (then u ...

between France and Scotland. Corbeil was besieged by the Duke of Burgundy in 1418. The Protestants of France attacked it in 1562 amidst the religious war called the First Civil War. In 1590 General Alessandro Farnese, who had come to the assistance of the

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

s in France, fought at Corbeil. The composer

Camille Saint-Saëns Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns (; 9 October 183516 December 1921) was a French composer, organist, conductor and pianist of the Romantic music, Romantic era. His best-known works include Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso (1863), the Piano C ...

lived in Corbeil for some years of his youth. The commune of Corbeil-Essonnes was created on 10 August 1951 by the merger of the commune of Corbeil with the commune of Essonnes. The commune town hall (''

mairie In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or a municipal building (in the Philippines), is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses ...

'') is located in Corbeil. Inhabitants of Corbeil-Essonnes are known as ''Corbeil-Essonnois''.

Population

The population data given in the table and graph below for 1946 and earlier refer to the former commune of Corbeil.

Economy

In the 19th century, Corbeil-Essonnes was a centre of the flour-milling industry. Essonnes also had notable papermills. Today, X-Fab France SAS is headquartered here and operates a

semiconductor fabrication plant In the microelectronics industry, a semiconductor fabrication plant (commonly called a fab; sometimes foundry) is a factory where devices such as integrated circuits are manufactured. Fabs require many expensive devices to function. Estimates ...

. The site includes 25000 square meters of

cleanroom A cleanroom or clean room is an engineered space, which maintains a very low concentration of airborne particulates. It is well isolated, well-controlled from contamination, and actively cleansed. Such rooms are commonly needed for scientif ...

s and a design center. The fab had been founded by IBM in 1964. In 1999 it was transferred into a joint venture between IBM and

Infineon Infineon Technologies AG is a German semiconductor manufacturer founded in 1999, when the semiconductor operations of the former parent company Siemens AG were spun off. Infineon has about 50,280 employees and is one of the ten largest semicond ...

, operating under the name ''Altis Semiconductor''^{( fr)}. In 2010 it was sold to

Yazid Sabeg Yazid Sabeg (born 8 January 1950 in Guelma, Algeria), is the president of the administrative council of the French high-technology firm CS Communication and Systems and also a member of the French Institute of International and Strategic Relat ...

for one symbolic Euro. X-Fab acquired the assets of insolvent Altis in 2016.

Safran Aircraft Engines Safran Aircraft Engines, previously Snecma (''Société nationale d'études et de construction de moteurs d'aviation'') or Snecma Moteurs, is a French aerospace engine manufacturer headquartered in Courcouronnes and a subsidiary of Safran. It ...

has a plant in Corbeil.

Transport

Corbeil-Essonnes is served by

Corbeil-Essonnes station Corbeil-Essonnes () on the River Seine is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Although neighboring Évry is the official seat of the Arrondissement of Évry, the sub-prefecture buildin ...

which is an interchange station on Paris RER line D. Corbeil-Essonnes is also served by Essonnes-Robinson station and by Moulin-Galant station on Paris RER line D. The town is crossed by the

EuroVelo ''EuroVelo'' is a network of currently 17 long-distance cycling routes criss-crossing Europe, in various stages of completion. When completed, the EuroVelo network's total length will almost be . more than were in place. EuroVelo is a project of ...

3 track.

Education

There are about 40 schools in Corbeil-Essonnes. Junior high schools: * Collège Chantemerle * Collège La Nacelle * Collège Louise Michel * Collège Saint-Spire * Collège Sédar Senghor Senior high schools/Sixth-form colleges: *

Lycée Robert Doisneau In France, secondary education is in two stages: * ''Collèges'' () cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 15. * ''Lycées'' () provide a three-year course of further secondary education for children between ...

* Lycée polyvalent Saint Léon

Notable people

Nigel Atangana Nigel Alfred Steven Atangana (born 9 September 1989) is a French professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for club Havant & Waterlooville. Career Early career Born in Corbeil-Essonnes, Atangana made his senior debuts with US A ...

, footballer *

Jean-Sylvain Babin Jean-Sylvain Claude Babin (born 14 October 1986) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Spanish club AD Alcorcón. He all but spent his professional career in Spain, appearing for Granada and Sporting de Gijón in La Liga ...

, footballer *

Dylan Bahamboula Dylan Ozan Moyo Bahamboula (born 22 May 1995) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish Premiership club Livingston. Born in France, he represents the Republic of the Congo at international level. Club career Bahambou ...

, footballer * Demba Diagouraga, footballer * Claude Dauphin, actor *

Damien Mozika Damien Mozika (born 15 April 1987 in Corbeil-Essonnes) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. He played in the English Football League for Chester City, Bury, Scunthorpe United and Torquay United. Career Mozika arrived ...

, footballer *

Félicien Rops Félicien Victor Joseph Rops (7 July 1833 – 23 August 1898) was a Belgian artist associated with Symbolism and the Parisian Fin-de Siecle. He was a painter, illustrator, caricaturist and a prolific and innovative print maker, particularly in ...

(1833-1898) Belgian artist and illustrator Lee Revens and J.-K. Huysmans (1975) The Graphic Work of Félicien Rops. Léon Amiel Publisher, New York, 288 pp. *

Hadi Sacko Hadi Sacko (born 24 March 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Turkish club Adanaspor. Born in France, he represents the Mali national team, having made his debut in 2018. He is a former French youth international. C ...

, footballer * PNL, French rappers * MMZ, French rappers *

, medieval Archbishop of Canterbury *

Walid Regragui Hoalid Regragui (born 23 September 1975), known as Walid Regragui ( ar, وليد الركراكي, Walīd ar-Ragrāgī), is a Moroccan professional Association football, football manager and former Football player, player who played as a right- ...

, French-Moroccan football coach

Twin towns

Alzira Alzira may refer to: * ''Alzira'' (opera), an opera by Giuseppe Verdi *Alzira, Valencia Alzira ( es, Alcira) is a city and municipality of 45.088 inhabitants (62,094 floating population) in Valencia, eastern Spain. It is the capital of the ''coma ...

, Spain, since 1991 * Belinho e Mar (Esposende), Portugal, since 2000 *

Bishopbriggs Bishopbriggs ( sco, The Briggs; gd, Achadh an Easbaig) is a town in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It lies on the northern fringe of Greater Glasgow, approximately from the Glasgow city centre, city centre. Shires of Scotland, Historically in ...

, Scotland, since 1989 *

Sindelfingen Sindelfingen ( Swabian: ''Sendlfenga'') is a city in Baden-Württemberg in south Germany. It lies near Stuttgart at the headwaters of the Schwippe (a tributary of the river Würm), and is home to a Mercedes-Benz assembly plant. History * 1155 � ...

, Germany, since 1961

History

Population

Economy

Transport

Education

Notable people

Twin towns

See also