Espo (constructed Language)

Petro Evstaf'evic Stojan ( rus, Пётр Евстафьевич Стоян, also known by the pseudonyms Ribaulb, Radovich and Šulerc) (June 22, 1884 in Izmail, Bessarabia — May 3, 1961 in Nice) was a Ukrainian esperantist, bibliographer and lexicographer and a member of the Esperanto Language Committee (''Lingva Komitato'') from 1914.

Life and work

Stojan studied physics and mathematics at the Richelieu Lyceum (today's Odessa University) in Odessa and in Sankt Petersburg and from 1906 to 1907 in Paris. From 1919 to 1922, he was a high school teacher in Serbia. From 1925, he worked at the Universal Esperanto Association in Geneva at its biggest work, the ''Bibliography of the International Language'' (''Bibliografio de Internacia Lingvo'') which was published in 1929.

He spent the end of his life in Southern France where he died of drowning.

Esperantist engagement

He joined the Esperanto movement in 1903. According to the ''Encyclopedia of Esperanto'' of 1933, "he was one of the most competent regarding the dictionary technique." Over sixteen years, he worked on twelve dictionaries; among them are the great Russian dictionary of the Imperial Academy. His other well-known dictionaries are the ''Ornithological Eight-language Dictionary'' (1911) and the ''Small Russian-Esperanto dictionary and the Illustrated Dictionary of the Russian Language'' (760 pages and 2000 pictures). In 1929, his ''Bibliography of the International Language'' (''Bibliografio de Internacia Lingvo'') was published.

In 1913, he proposed the creation of the ''Universal Card Encyclopedia'' (''Universala Slipa Enciklopedio, USE'') which, according to his idea, could be updated by adding cards for each subject.

He also wrote a great number of scientific articles and original literature in Esperanto.

Vindiania and Biosophy

In France he worked on ''La Vindiania'', a thesis on the origin of the Indo-European languages and on a complete philosophy of life, which he named biosophy (in Esperanto - ''Biozofio''). However, his works remained in the manuscript form and circulated among his friends, and only one book was actually published in 1946 in Arras.

Constructed languages

Stojan created a number of international auxiliary languages, most of which were never published:

*Amiana (an evolved form of Ariana, first presented in 1919 and its final version appeared in 1922)
*Ariana or Aryana (1912, an esperantido whose vocabulary was based on Pre-Indo-European (Aryan) radicals; pre-form of Amiana)
*Eo (an esperantido with very short radicals, proposed in 1926 under the pseudonym Ribaulb)
*Espo (1926, a pra-form of Eo created under the pseudonym Ribaulb, which does not use the Esperanto correlatives but a naturalistic system of Ido; unpublished)
*Idido
*Liana
*Linga franka
*Renova
*Spiranta
*Uniala (1923, with P. J. Troost)
*Unita
*an unnamed Pan-Slavic language (1913–16, with D. Chupovsky)E.K. Drezen, ''За всеобщим языком (Три века исканий)''. М.—Л., 1928, p. 218

He possibly created these projects as fictional languages, simply for his amusement; but in his time, the concept did not exist.

Works

*Puti k istine (Vojoj al vero, 1908 - du ĉapitroj pri artefaritaj lingvoj)
*Ornitologia vortaro oklingva de birdoj Eŭropaj (1911)
*Materialoj pri la Fundamento (1912, en „Oficiala Gazeto“ n-ro 41)
*Internacia transskribo de propraj nomoj (1913)
*Karmannyj russko-Esperanto slovarik (Poŝa rusa-Esperanto vortareto, 1912)
*Neobxodymyja svedenija ob esp. (Necesaj scioj pri Esperanto, 1912 - kune kun Nežinskij)
*Dopolnenie k esp. russkomu slovarju (Addendum to Esperanto-Russian Dictionary, 1913)
*Slavjanstvo i Esperanto (Slavaro kaj Esperanto, 1914)
*Esperanto pered sudom profesora (Esperanto in front of a teachers'tribunal, 1914)
*Jazykoznanie i Esperanto (Lingvistiko kaj Esperanto, 1914)
*Vojagxaj notoj (1915–1916, in „La Ondo de Esperanto“)
*Lingvaj studoj (1920–1926, in „Esperanto“)
*Cent libroj esperantaj (1923)
*Pri la evoluo de Esperanto (1925, „Progreso“, Prago)
*Principoj de Esperanto (1926, en „Kataluna Esperantisto“)
*Historio de Esperanto, kritikaj notoj (Progreso, Prago, 1926 - sub „Ribaulb“)
*Enkonduko al la fonetiko (1926, en „Esperanto“)
*Katalogo de lingvoj naturaj, popolaj, literaturaj, klasikaj & artefaritaj (1927)
*Esperantismo, kongresoj, pioniroj, literaturo, versfarado, fakvortaro, gazetaro (1927, en jarlibro de UEA)
*Rememorajxoj pri la unuaj tempoj de Esp. (Progreso, Prago, 1927)
*Nia literaturo, versfarado, fakvortaro, gazetaro (1927, en jarlibro de UEA)
*Kiel farigxis nia movado (1928, en jarlibro de UEA)
*Deveno kaj vivo de la lingvo Esperanto (1929)
*Bibliografio de Internacia Lingvo (1929)
*Vindiana berceau de nos aïeuxx" (Vindiano lulilo de niaj prapatroj, 1946)
*Al geozofio per abicelo (1954)
*Vindoj kaj dagoj (1991 - posthumous)

Translations

*Abusgus, M.: Kraljevicx Marko (1897)
*Jiddu Kishnamurti: Sperto kaj konduto (1932)

Literature

* Golden, Bernard (1981). Petro Stojan: Malesperantisto. In: Literatura Foiro 12a jaro 1981, n-ro 70 (Dec.), p. 13-17
* Golden, Bernard (1982). La plumnomoj de Petro Stojan. In: Dia Regno 1982:1-2 (Jan.-Feb.), p. 2384
* Golden, Bernard (1986). Bibliografiaj donitaĵoj rilate verkojn pri Petro Stojan. In: Informilo por Interlingvistoj 1986:11, p. 1-4

Notes

External links

Books
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Articles
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Stojan, Petro
1884 births
1961 deaths
Russian Esperantists
Esperanto lexicographers
Constructed language creators
Writers from Odesa
Linguists from Russia
20th-century linguists
Ukrainian emigrants to France
20th-century lexicographers