An eruption cyst, or eruption hematoma, is a bluish swelling that occurs on the soft tissue over an erupting

tooth A tooth ( : teeth) is a hard, calcified structure found in the jaws (or mouths) of many vertebrates and used to break down food. Some animals, particularly carnivores and omnivores, also use teeth to help with capturing or wounding prey, tear ...

. It is usually found in children. The fluid in the

cyst A cyst is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and cell division, division compared with the nearby Biological tissue, tissue. Hence, it is a cluster of Cell (biology), cells that have grouped together to form a sac (like the manner in which ...

is sometimes clear creating a pale-coloured cyst although often they are blue. An eruption cyst (eruption

hematoma A hematoma, also spelled haematoma, or blood suffusion is a localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillary, capillaries. A he ...

) is a developmental soft-tissue cyst of

odontogenic Tooth development or odontogenesis is the complex process by which teeth form from embryonic cells, grow, and erupt into the mouth. For human teeth to have a healthy oral environment, all parts of the tooth must develop during appropriate stage ...

origin that forms over an erupting

. most commonly seen anterior to first molar

Clinical features

*common in children while rare in other ages and found in both dentition *forms superficially in the

gingiva The gums or gingiva (plural: ''gingivae'') consist of the mucosal tissue that lies over the mandible and maxilla inside the mouth. Gum health and disease can have an effect on general health. Structure The gums are part of the soft tissue lini ...

overlying the involved erupting tooth as soft, rounded and bluish swelling.

Histopathological features

*The

epithelial Epithelium or epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. It is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with a little intercellula ...

lining of eruption cyst is similar to that of the

dentigerous cyst Dentigerous cyst, also known as follicular cyst is an epithelial-lined developmental cyst formed by accumulation of fluid between the reduced enamel epithelium and crown of an unerupted tooth. It is formed when there is an alteration in the reduc ...

(non-

keratinized Keratin () is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as ''scleroproteins''. Alpha-keratin (α-keratin) is a type of keratin found in vertebrates. It is the key structural material making up scales, hair, nails, feathers, horn ...

stratified

squamous Epithelium or epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. It is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with a little intercellula ...

epithelium Epithelium or epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. It is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with a little intercellul ...

), so the eruption cyst is considered a superficial dentigerous cyst. *The fibrous capsule shows inflammatory cells possibly as a result of trauma. *The epithelial lining of the cyst is separated from the

alveolar mucosa The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. It comprises stratified squamous epithelium, termed "oral epithelium", and an underlying connective tissue termed ''lamina propria''. The oral cavity has sometimes been describ ...

by a thin layer of fibrous tissue with the epithelial tags of

cystic A cyst is a closed sac, having a distinct envelope and division compared with the nearby tissue. Hence, it is a cluster of cells that have grouped together to form a sac (like the manner in which water molecules group together to form a bubble) ...

facing those of the alveolar mucosa. *The cystic cavity may contain blood in addition to the yellowish

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...

fluid as a result of trauma.

Management

*The cyst roof may be drained with its fluid to allow the tooth to erupt although most of them burst spontaneously. ESSENTIALS OF ORAL PATHOLOGY BY MEMBERS OF ORAL PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT. FACULTY OF DENTISTRY, ALEXANDRIA UNIVERSITY

References

Dentistry