Erode () is a city in the Indian state of

Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu (; , TN) is a States and union territories of India, state in southern India. It is the List of states and union territories of India by area, tenth largest Indian state by area and the List of states and union territories of India ...

. Erode is the seventh largest urban agglomeration in the state, after

Chennai Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of th ...

Coimbatore Coimbatore, also spelt as Koyamputhur (), sometimes shortened as Kovai (), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Noyyal River and surrounded by the Western Ghats. Coimbato ...

Madurai Madurai ( , also , ) is a major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the cultural capital of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Madurai District. As of the 2011 census, it was the third largest Urban agglomeration in ...

, Tiruchirapalli, Tiruppur and

Salem Salem may refer to: Places Canada Ontario * Bruce County ** Salem, Arran–Elderslie, Ontario, in the municipality of Arran–Elderslie ** Salem, South Bruce, Ontario, in the municipality of South Bruce * Salem, Dufferin County, Ontario, part ...

. It is also the administrative headquarters of the Erode district. Administered by a city municipal corporation since 2008, Erode is a part of

Erode Lok Sabha constituency Erode Lok Sabha constituency ( ta, ஈரோடு மக்களவைத் தொகுதி) is one of the 39 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Tamil Nadu, a state in southern India. Assembly Segments Erode Lok Sabha constitu ...

that elects its

member of parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

. Located on the banks of

River Kaveri The Kaveri (also known as Cauvery, the anglicized name) is one of the major Indian rivers flowing through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Kaveri river rises at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats, Kodagu dist ...

, it is situated centrally on South Indian

Peninsula A peninsula (; ) is a landform that extends from a mainland and is surrounded by water on most, but not all of its borders. A peninsula is also sometimes defined as a piece of land bordered by water on three of its sides. Peninsulas exist on all ...

, about southwest of its state capital

, south of

Bengaluru Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...

, east of

and east of

Kochi Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...

. Erode is an agricultural, textile and a BPO hub and among the largest producers of

turmeric Turmeric () is a flowering plant, ''Curcuma longa'' (), of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae, the rhizomes of which are used in cooking. The plant is a perennial, rhizomatous, herbaceous plant native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asi ...

, hand-loom and knitwear, and food products.

History

Etymology of Erode might have its origin in the

Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia ** Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, nati ...

phrase ''Eeru Odai'' meaning ''two streams'' based on presence of two water courses of Perumpallam and

Pichaikaranpallam Canal Pichaikaranpallam Canal is a canal that runs in Erode, Tamil Nadu. It is one of the tributary to River Kaveri. The canal gets sourced by the rain water through rivulets and the seepage water from LBP Canal near Nasiyanur, which further flows into ...

. Alternatively, it might have been derived from Tamil phrase ''Eera Odu'' meaning 'wet skull' based on Indian mythology. During Sangam age, Erode region formed a part of the

historical History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

Kongu Nadu Kongu Nadu, also known by various names as Kongu Mandalam and Kongu belt, is a geographical region comprising present day parts of western Tamil Nadu, southeastern Karnataka and eastern Kerala. In the ancient Tamilakam, it was the seat of th ...

region ruled by Cheras and then by Kalabhras who were ousted by Pandyas around 590 CE. Afterwards, it was ruled by

Rashtrakutas Rashtrakuta (IAST: ') (r. 753-982 CE) was a royal Indian dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries. The earliest known Rashtrakuta inscription is a 7th-century copper plate grant detailing their ...

and by

Cholas The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of the world. The earliest datable references to the Chola are from inscriptions dated to the 3rd century BCE d ...

from 10th to early 13th century. Erode was annexed by

Vijayanagara Empire The Vijayanagara Empire, also called the Karnata Kingdom, was a Hinduism, Hindu empire based in the region of South India, which consisted the modern states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa and some parts of Telangana an ...

in 1378 CE till gaining independence in 1559 CE by Madurai Nayaks. Erode became a part of the Hindu Wodeyar-ruled Mysore Kingdom in the early 1700s CE before coming under the control of the

British East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...

with Maharaja of Mysore still as principal ruler. Erode remained under

British Colonial The British Empire was composed of the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts esta ...

rule until the Indian independence in 1947.Urban Infrastructure Report 2006, p. 30

Geography

Erode has a hilly terrain with undulating

topography Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces. The topography of an area may refer to the land forms and features themselves, or a description or depiction in maps. Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary sci ...

as the Urugumalai, Athimalai, Chennimalai hills surround the city. The Amaravathy,

Noyyal The Noyyal River is a small river in Western Tamil Nadu, and a tributary of Kaveri River. It rises from the Vellingiri hills in the Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu, very close to Kerala border, and flows through many villages and the cities of Co ...

, Bhavani, and

Kaveri The Kaveri (also known as Cauvery, the anglicized name) is one of the major Indian rivers flowing through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Kaveri river rises at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats, Kodagu dis ...

rivers flow into the city. While no notable mineral resources are available,

loam Loam (in geology and soil science) is soil composed mostly of sand (particle size > ), silt (particle size > ), and a smaller amount of clay (particle size < ). By weight, its mineral composition is about 40–40–20% concentration of sand–sil ...

gravel Gravel is a loose aggregation of rock fragments. Gravel occurs naturally throughout the world as a result of sedimentary and erosive geologic processes; it is also produced in large quantities commercially as crushed stone. Gravel is classifi ...

and

limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...

are found in abundance in the river beds.

Climate

Erode has a

semi-arid climate A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-ar ...

with hot to sweltering temperatures throughout the year and relatively low rainfall. Temperatures range from to with an average rainfall of . Like the rest of Tamil Nadu, March to June are the hottest and December to January the mildest months of the year. Because the Southwest monsoon (June to August) brings scanty rainfall, the bulk of Erode's rainfall is received during the Northeast monsoon in October and November. The municipality covers an area of . Gunderipallam and Varattupallam receive the highest rainfall (1200 mm) in the district.

Demographics

As of 2011, Erode has 521,776 in population with a sex-ratio of 996, above national average of 929. Literacy rate of 85% compares favorably to the national average of 73%. The city had 43,184 households with

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...

accounting for 11% and 0.15% of the population respectively. Of its 66,135 workers, 61,382 are classified as other workers and rest in agriculture and household industries. As of 2001, 52 slums were identified with 33,000 people residing in slums. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 43 Per religious census of 2011, Erode had 83%

Hindus Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

, 12%

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

and 4%

Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

. The population had increased 11 times during the 20th century. While

is the main spoken language, English is common as the medium of instruction in educational institutions and in service sector. Urban Infrastructure Report 2008, p. 4

Economy

Erode district's

gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a money, monetary Measurement in economics, measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjec ...

(GDP) grew at 15.5% in 2008 ahead of the state's GDP growth by 4%. According to Indian Census of 2001, urban workforce participation rate for Erode is 35% with growth in

secondary Secondary may refer to: Science and nature * Secondary emission, of particles ** Secondary electrons, electrons generated as ionization products * The secondary winding, or the electrical or electronic circuit connected to the secondary winding i ...

and tertiary sectors and a corresponding decrease in the

primary sector The primary sector of the economy includes any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials, such as farming, logging, fishing, forestry and mining. The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in de ...

. Major employment is provided by

textile industry The textile industry is primarily concerned with the design, production and distribution of yarn, cloth and clothing. The raw material may be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry. Industry process Cotton manufacturi ...

, turmeric industry and oil and rice mills with 69% of its workforce employed in tertiary sector. Erode is famous for several markets. Erode is the country's largest turmeric market.

Erode Turmeric Erode Turmeric or Erodu Manjal is a type of turmeric, a spice category which is grown in the Erode region of Tamil Nadu, India. It has been recognized as a Geographical indication by the Government of India in 2019. Erode turmeric is known for its ...

and Bhavani Carpets has finally received GI tag from the Geographical Indication in 2019. Turmeric Prices for the whole of India are fixed at four markets in Erode, one of which is

ETMA Turmeric Market Complex ETMA Turmeric Complex or Erode Turmeric Merchants Association Turmeric Market is one of the four dedicated market places for turmeric in Erode, Tamil Nadu. Also called as Semmampalayam Turmeric Complex by the name of its location in Erode, Tamil ...

located at Semmampalayam in Erode. Erode has the countries largest textile market one is

Abdul Gani Textile Market Abdul Gani Textile Market locally called as Gani Market, is one of the wholesale and retail textile markets located in the city of Erode in Tamil Nadu, India. It is owned, operated and maintained by Erode City Municipal Corporation. Outlets a ...

and another one is Texvalley. PDEXCIL (Powerloom Development & Export Promotion Council) has set up its regional office in Texvalley under the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. It is a non-profit organisation working for the development of Powerloom Industry and promoting export of Fabrics and made ups from Powerloom Manufacturers. Erode is also famous for its cattle markets. There are four major notable cattle markets in the district. One of them is located in the core city and is known as Karungalpalayam Cattle Market, which is one of the largest cattle market in the state. As of 2001, the district had two

industrial estates An industrial park (also known as industrial estate, trading estate) is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more "heavyweight" version of a business park or office park, ...

with 60

tanneries Tanning may refer to: *Tanning (leather), treating animal skins to produce leather *Sun tanning, using the sun to darken pale skin **Indoor tanning, the use of artificial light in place of the sun **Sunless tanning, application of a stain or dye t ...

, 165 lock manufacturing and several cotton spinning mills. Urban Infrastructure Report 2006, p. 32 While hand loom weaving and carpet manufacturing flourished in early days, emergence of

power loom A power loom is a mechanized loom, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving during the early Industrial Revolution. The first power loom was designed in 1786 by Edmund Cartwright and first built that same year. ...

led to 24,189 small scale and 59 large scale units by 2000. The district is also rich in agriculture. The city is one of the largest manufacturers of food products in the state. Many food product manufacturers and poultries have established their base in and around the city. Erode is famously known as "Turmeric City" on account of production of

in the state. It also has one of the largest markets for

coconut The coconut tree (''Cocos nucifera'') is a member of the palm tree family ( Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus ''Cocos''. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the ...

. and

coconut oil frameless , right , alt = A cracked coconut and a bottle of coconut oil Coconut oil (or coconut butter) is an edible oil derived from the wick, meat, and milk of the coconut palm fruit. Coconut oil is a white solid fat; in warmer climates duri ...

production in South India. Erode stands second in

leather Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and hogs, ...

processing in the state, next to

Ambur Ambur is a town and municipality in newly announced Tirupattur District, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located on the banks of the Palar River between Chennai and Bangalore. Ambur has a sizeable leather industry, and is known for its spicy biryani an ...

. Paper manufacturing companies like Seshasayee paper boards are located on banks of river

Sugarcane Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of (often hybrid) tall, Perennial plant, perennial grass (in the genus ''Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar Sugar industry, production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with ...

processing industry here complements paper manufacturing from bagasse. Additionally, several small and medium scale industries like

dal In Indian cuisine, ''dal'' (also spelled ''daal'' or ''dhal''; pronunciation: , Hindi: दाल, Urdu: ) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. India is the largest producer of p ...

mills, cotton mills,

vanaspathi Dalda is a brand of vegetable oil (hydrogenated vegetable cooking oil) popular in South Asia. History An individual by the name Hussein Dada, used to import vanaspati ghee from a Dutch company before the 1930s as a cheap substitute for des ...

manufacturers,

wax Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic, malleable solids near ambient temperatures. They include higher alkanes and lipids, typically with melting points above about 40 °C (104 °F), melting to give low ...

screen printing Screen printing is a printing technique where a mesh is used to transfer ink (or dye) onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mes ...

and printing presses are located in the city. Erode has one of the three electric loco sheds under the Southern Railway, carrying out various major and minor maintenance schedules of electric locomotives. Electric loco shed, Erode is now housing the largest fleet of WAP-4 in Indian Railways and it caters to many long-distance electric trains. It has a diesel loco shed too. The Nethaji Market is an important wholesale and retail central market for vegetables and fruits in the city. Originally, the market was functioning along two major roads in the north of the

clock tower Clock towers are a specific type of structure which house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another buildi ...

area. It originated in the Chozha era. In 1935,

Erode City Municipal Corporation Erode Corporation is a civic administrative body that governs the City of Erode, India. The Corporation consists of a legislative body, headed by the City Mayor and an executive body headed by the Corporation Commissioner. The Corporation's head ...

constructed the market shops along RKV Road near Old Busstand. Recently,

has planned to shift the wholesale market to the outskirts of the city considering the traffic congestion and road infrastructure of this area.

Tourism

Thindal Murugan Temple, situated from the city is the most prominent temple in the city. Periya Mariamman Temple,

Natadreeswarar Temple Nattadreeswarar Temple (''Nattātreeswarar'') is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located on a hillock island within River Kaveri, near Erode, off the Erode- Karur Highway., halfway between Kudagu and Bay of Bengal at Kaveripoompa ...

, the hillock temple of the

river,

Sangameswarar Temple Sangameswarar temple (also called Thirunana and Thirukooduthurai) is a temple in Bhavani, in the Erode district, of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is 15 km from Erode, 30 km from Gob ...

are prominent religious destinations in the city. While the city is built around a demolished fort, a temple for Arudra Kabaleeswar (

Shiva Shiva (; sa, शिव, lit=The Auspicious One, Śiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐ, or Hara, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hindu ...

) praising the

Saiva ''Saiva'' is a genus of Asian planthoppers, family Fulgoridae. They are colourful insects, marked boldly in red, blue, white and black, with a prominent slender stalk like structure arising on the head that points upwards or forward. The known ...

and one for Kasthuri Ranganatha Perumal (

Vishnu Vishnu ( ; , ), also known as Narayana and Hari, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the supreme being within Vaishnavism, one of the major traditions within contemporary Hinduism. Vishnu is known as "The Preserver" within t ...

) praising the Vaishnava aspects of

Hinduism Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global p ...

exists. E.V.R Corporation Museum and Thanthai Periyar Memorial House, which depicts the life of

Periyar E. V. Ramasamy Erode Venkatappa Ramasamy (17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973), revered as Periyar or Thanthai Periyar, was an Indian social activist and politician who started the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam. He is known as the 'Fa ...

, are prominent museums in the city. Sankagiri Fort and

Vellode Birds Sanctuary Vellode Birds Sanctuary (வெள்ளோடு பறவைகள் சரணாலயம்) is an sanctuary located in the Erode District in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022. T ...

are other visitor attractions around the city. CSI Brough Memorial Church, located on Meenatchi Sundaranar Road (formerly Brough Road), was consecrated in 1933 by Rev. Antony Watson Brough (1861 -1936), an Australian Missionary. Cauvery at Erode

Law and government

Law and order is maintained by Erode sub division of

Tamil Nadu Police Tamil Nadu Police is the primary law enforcement agency of the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is over 150 years old and is the fifth largest state police force in India.

headed by a Deputy Superintendent. There are seven law & order police stations located at

Karungalpalayam Karungalpalayam ( ta, கருங்கல்பாளையம்) also known as (K.G. Palayam) is a commercial suburb in the city of Erode. It is located on the banks of Cauvery River, to the north-east of Erode Central Bus Terminus and we ...

, Bazaar, Surampatti,

Veerappanchatram Veerappanchatram is a neighbourhood locality in the city of Erode. Until 2010, it was an independent municipal administrative body after which it was officially integrated with Erode Municipal Corporation. It is one of the four zones of Erode M ...

, Rangampalayam, Chithode and Periyar GH Police Station. There are special units like armed reserve, prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a special branch. Erode is the headquarters of Erode District which was bifurcated from

Coimbatore District Coimbatore district is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. Coimbatore is the administrative headquarters of the district. It is one of the most industrialized districts and a major textile, industrial, commercial, educ ...

in 1979. The town was constituted as a municipality in 1871, promoted to special-grade during 1980 and upgraded as a corporation in 2008. City's corporation area covers part of Bhavani,

Modakurichi Modakurichi is a Panchayat town and Taluk headquarters in Erode district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of Tamil Nadu. It is located as a suburb of Erode City, at a distance of 15 km from Erode City Central Bus Termin ...

, Perundurai and

Komarapalayam Komarapalayam is a textile town situated on the bank of the Cauvery river, Bhavani River of South India, and is a taluk of Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India. Komarapalayam is also called as Kumarapalayam. Komarapalayam and Bhavani are twin ...

constituencies. Its functions are devolved into six departments: general administration/personnel, Engineering, Revenue, Public Health, city planning and Information Technology (IT) under the control of a Municipal Commissioner who is the executive head. Erode has 60 wards with an elected councillor. The legislative powers are vested in a body of 60 members, one each from the 60 wards. The legislative body is headed by an elected Chairperson assisted by a Deputy Chairperson. The current

Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

is A. Ganeshamurthi from the MDMK party. While Erode has two state assembly constituencies namely Erode East and Erode West to elect members to

Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has a strength of 234 members of whom are democratically elected using the First-past-the-post voting, First-past-the-post system. The pres ...

once every five years, Erode had only one constituency. The current MLA of Erode (East) is

Thirumagan Evera Thirumagan Evera ( – 4 January 2023) was an Indian Tamil politician from the Indian National Congress. He served as a Member of Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu, representing Erode East from May 2021 up until his death in January 2023. Ea ...

from

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of a ...

and Erode (West) is S. Muthusamy from DMK

Public services

As of 2006, there were 46

public In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

and

private school Private or privates may refer to: Music * " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation'' * Private (band), a Denmark-based band * "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...

s with four technical institutes; Government Engineering College, Technical Institute being most prominent. Three types of schools operate in Erode: government run schools, schools funded by the government but run by private trusts (aided schools) and schools funded completely by private trusts. Schools may follow Tamil Nadu Anglo Indian School Board, Tamil Nadu State Board, Matriculation or CBSE syllabus. The city falls under the purview of Erode Education District. There are four school playgrounds in the city. Electricity supply is regulated and distributed by

Tamil Nadu Electricity Board Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (abbreviated as TNEB) is a power generation and distribution company owned by Government of Tamil Nadu, India. It was created as a regulated monopoly under section 131 of the Electricity Act (2003) as a successor o ...

(TNEB) as the city along with its suburbs forms Erode Electricity Distribution Circle. A Chief Distribution engineer is stationed at the regional headquarters. Water supply is provided by Erode Municipality from river

through its eight reservoirs. For 2000–01, 14 million litres of water was supplied every day for households in the city. About 110-125 metric tonnes of solid waste were processed by the sanitary department in 2011. As there is no underground drainage system, disposal of

sullage Greywater (or grey water, sullage, also spelled gray water in the United States) refers to domestic wastewater generated in households or office buildings from streams without fecal contamination, i.e., all streams except for the wastewater from ...

is through

septic tank A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic sewage treatment. Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatme ...

s, open drains and public conveniences with its of storm water drains. Thandhai Periyar Government General Hospital serves as primary centre of healthcare. Several private hospitals such as Lotus Hospitals, Kumarasamy hospital, Idhayam Apollo Specialty Hospital, C.K Hospital, Maruthi Medical Center Hospital (MMCH), Kovai Medical Center Hospital (KMCH), Erode Trust Hospital, National Hospital (formerly Savitha Hospital) serve in the area. As of 2011, municipality maintained 4,678 street lamps. The corporation operates two markets, namely the Nethaji market and Silambarasan kuttai market and a textile market named EKM Abdul Gani Market in Brough road.

Transport

Road

Erode maintains of local roads with of

concrete Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens (cures) over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, and is the most wi ...

and rest bituminous. Additionally, of

state highway A state highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) is usually a road that is either ''numbered'' or ''maintained'' by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered by a ...

s is maintained by State Highways Department. NH 544 connecting

–

Ernakulam Ernakulam () is the Central Business District of the city of Kochi in Kerala, India and has lent its name to the Ernakulam district. Many major establishments, including the Kerala High Court, the office of the Kochi Municipal Corporation a ...

, bypasses the city via Bhavani, Chithode,

nasiyanur Nasiyanur is a panchayat town located adjoining the city of Erode in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on National Highway NH 544 between Perundurai and Chithode Chithode or Chittode is a panchayat town adjoining ...

and Perundurai Urban Infrastructure Report 2006, pp. 44-45 and the National Highway NH 381A connects Vellakoil and

sangagiri Sangagiri or Sankagiri is a panchayat town in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated on the National Highway 544, on the Coimbatore - Salem section. Sangagiri is known for Sangagiri fort, lorries and lorry building ind ...

, bypasses the city through

Pallipalayam Pallipalayam is a Municipality in Namakkal district in Komarapalayam taluk in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarter of the Pallipalayam block As of 2011, the town had a population of 40,140. It is Twin city of Erode and share ...

. The Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation has a sub-divisional headquarters at Erode (jeeva) under the Coimbatore division. Erode Central Bus Terminus, is the Second Largest main bus station complex for Tamil Nadu State Express Transport Corporation. Erode is well connected with the nearest cities of Tiruppur and

by bus. Private carriers operate long-distance buses connecting to major cities like

Bangalore Bangalore (), officially Bengaluru (), is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It has a population of more than and a metropolitan population of around , making it the third most populous city and fifth most ...

etc. The main arterial roads include: * SH-15 connecting Erode – Gobichettipalayam –

Sathy Sathyamangalam (also known as Sathy) is a town and municipality in Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. 8 th century Town. It lies on the banks of the River Bhavani, a tributary of the River Cauvery in the foothills of the West ...

–

Mettupalayam Mettupalayam may refer to: * Mettupalayam, Coimbatore Mettupalayam is a municipality town and taluk of the Coimbatore district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the second largest town in the Coimbatore District. It's located to the North ...

–

Kotagiri Kotagiri or Kothagiri is a taluk and a Panchayat town in The Nilgiris District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the third largest hill station in the Nilgiri hills. Kotagiri is located at . It has an average elevation of . Demographi ...

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Ooty Ooty (), officially known as Udhagamandalam (also known as Ootacamund (); abbreviated as Udhagai), is a city and a municipality in the Nilgiris district of the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located north west of Coimbatore and so ...

* SH-83A connecting Erode – Arachalur – Kangeyam – Dharapuram * SH-79 connecting Erode – Tiruchengode –

Rasipuram Rasipuram is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the headquarters for the Rasipuram taluk. As of 2015, the town had a population of 88,584 and an area of . It has 27 wards and steps have been taken to increase the wards to 33. Rasip ...

– Attur * SH-79A connecting Erode –

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Sankagiri Sangagiri or Sankagiri is a panchayat town in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is situated on the National Highway 544, on the Coimbatore - Salem section. Sangagiri is known for Sangagiri fort, lorries and lorry building i ...

* SH-84 connecting Erode –

Kodumudi Kodumudi is a panchayat town and taluk headquarters of Kodumudi taluk in erode district at state of Tamil Nadu, India. Kodumudi has an average elevation of 144 metres (472 feet). Also Kodumudi is an tourism spot. The holy Kaveri river ...

– Karur * SH-84A connecting Erode –

– Vellakoil –

Mulanur Mulanur is a panchayat town under in Dharapuram taluk in Tirupur District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Geography Mulanur is located at . It has an average elevation of 238 metres (780 feet). Mulanur is located on SH21, which ...

– Dharapuram * SH-96 connecting Erode – Perundurai – Chennimalai – Kangeyam – Dharapuram Erode-Junction-Railway-Station-ED

Rail

Erode Junction Erode Junction railway station (Station Code: ED) is the main railway junction serving the city of Erode, Tamil Nadu. Erode Junction is one of the major railway Junction in Southern Railway and is located 3 km away from Erode Central Bus T ...

railway station is a major rail junction in

division of Southern Railway with a

diesel locomotive A diesel locomotive is a type of railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine. Several types of diesel locomotives have been developed, differing mainly in the means by which mechanical power is conveyed to the driving whee ...

shed and an

electric locomotive An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or on-board energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. Locomotives with on-board fuelled prime movers, such as diesel engines or gas ...

shed attached. It also serves as a hub for water filling facilities, food provisions and cleaning services for long-distance trains that run via Erode. The following are the lines running from Erode junction:

Air

The nearest airport to Erode is the Salem Airport at a distance of which is connected to and from Chennai. The major international airport is Coimbatore International Airport at a distance of with regular flights to domestic destinations including

Ahmedabad Ahmedabad ( ; Gujarati: Amdavad ) is the most populous city in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. Ahmedabad's population of 5,570,585 (per t ...

Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar (; ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Odisha. The region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as ''Ekamra Kshetra'' (area (''kshetra'') adorned with mango trees (''ekamra'')). Bhubaneswar is ...

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...

Hyderabad Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the ''de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River (India), Musi River, in the northern part ...

Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...

Kozhikode Kozhikode (), also known in English as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India. It has a corporation limit population of 609,224 and a metropolitan population of more than 2 million, making it the second la ...

Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second- ...

Pune Pune (; ; also known as Poona, (List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name from 1818 until 1978) is one of the most important industrial and educational hubs of India, with an estimated population of 7.4 million ...

and international destinations including

Sharjah Sharjah (; ar, ٱلشَّارقَة ', Gulf Arabic: ''aš-Šārja'') is the third-most populous city in the United Arab Emirates, after Dubai and Abu Dhabi, forming part of the Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area. Sharjah is the capital o ...

and

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

. The Tiruchirappali International Airport is from Erode.

References

External links

Erode City - Official site

Erode District - Official site
{{Authority control Textile industry of India