![Punktierstich Ernst Gottfried Fischer (1754-1831)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Punktierstich_Ernst_Gottfried_Fischer_%281754-1831%29.jpg)
Ernst Gottfried Fischer (17 July 1754 – 27 January 1831) was a
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ger ...
chemist
A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe th ...
. He was born in
Hoheneiche
Wehretal is a municipality in the Werra-Meißner-Kreis in northeastern Hesse, Germany.
Geography
Location
Wehretal lies roughly 50 km southeast of the North Hesse city of Kassel. It is found between Eschwege in the north and Sontra in the ...
near
Saalfeld. After studying
theology
Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...
and
mathematics
Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
at the
University of Halle, he was a teacher in
Berlin
Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...
before becoming Professor of Physics in 1810. He translated
Claude Berthollet's publication ''Recherches sur les lois de l'affinitié'' in 1802. He proposed a system of equivalents based on
sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, with the molecular formu ...
equal to one hundred.
Stoichiometry contribution
Jeremias Benjamin Richter's work had little impact until 1802, when it was summarized by Fischer in terms of tables, such as the one below.
According to this table, it takes 615 parts by weight of
magnesia to neutralize either 1000 parts by weight of
sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid ( Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen, with the molecular formu ...
or 1405 parts by weight of
nitric acid
Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a highly corrosive mineral acid. The compound is colorless, but older samples tend to be yellow cast due to decomposition into oxides of nitrogen. Most commercially available nitri ...
. In the early literature on the subject, these weights were referred to as combining weights.
Works
*
References
*
*
1754 births
1831 deaths
19th-century German chemists
18th-century German chemists
{{Germany-chemist-stub