Ernst Ludwig Bresslau (10 July 1877,

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

– 9 May 1935,

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...

) was a German

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

. He was the son of historian

Harry Bresslau Harry Bresslau (22 March 1848 – 27 October 1926) was a German historian and scholar of state papers and of historical and literary muniments (historical Diplomas). He was born in Dannenberg/Elbe and died in Heidelberg. He is the father of Ernst ...

Life

Ernst Ludwig Bresslau was born in 1877 in Berlin,

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. His father, Harry Bresslau, was a professor of Medieval History at the

University of Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (german: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a German public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin. It was established by Frederick William III on the initiative o ...

. In 1890, the family moved to

Strasbourg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label=Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...

, and Ernst Bresslau started his studies in medicine and natural sciences in the

University of Strasbourg The University of Strasbourg (french: Université de Strasbourg, Unistra) is a public research university located in Strasbourg, Alsace, France, with over 52,000 students and 3,300 researchers. The French university traces its history to the ea ...

.''Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde

Adolfo Lutz Adolfo Lutz (6 October 1855 – 18 December 1940) was a Brazilian physician, father of tropical medicine and medical zoology in Brazil, and a pioneer epidemiologist and researcher in infectious diseases. Life Lutz was born in Rio de Janeiro, on ...

''
Ernst Bresslau (1877-1935)
Retrieved February 7, 2017. In 1902, he obtained his PhD from the University of Strasbourg, and in 1904 he traveled to

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

for the first time as a naval doctor. In 1913–14, he returned to Brazil and conducted zoological research in central and north-eastern regions of the country, later being named director of zoology at the Georg-Speyer-Haus in

Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian: , "Frank ford on the Main"), is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as of 2022 make it the fifth-most populous city in Germany. Located on its na ...

(1919). From 1925 to 1933, he was a professor at the

University of Cologne The University of Cologne (german: Universität zu Köln) is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was established in the year 1388 and is one of the most prestigious and research intensive universities in Germany. It was the sixth university to ...

, where he was instrumental in the founding of its institute of zoology. In 1934 he returned to Brazil as director of the zoological institute at the

University of São Paulo The University of São Paulo ( pt, Universidade de São Paulo, USP) is a public university in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It is the largest Brazilian public university and the country's most prestigious educational institution, the best ...

.Bresslau, Ernst Ludwig
NDB/ADB Deutsche Biographie His primary areas of research involved the evolutionary development of

flatworms The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, ''platy'', meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), ''helminth-'', meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegment ...

, investigations of

infusoria Infusoria are minute freshwater life forms including ciliates, euglenoids, protozoa, unicellular algae and small invertebrates. Some authors (e.g., Bütschli) used the term as a synonym for Ciliophora. In modern formal classifications, the term i ...

and the development of mammary organs in

marsupial Marsupials are any members of the mammalian infraclass Marsupialia. All extant marsupials are endemic to Australasia, Wallacea and the Americas. A distinctive characteristic common to most of these species is that the young are carried in a po ...

s. His name is associated with ''

Bachia bresslaui ''Bachia bresslaui'', also known commonly as Bresslau's bachia, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The species is native to southern South America. Etymology The specific name, ''bresslaui'', is in honor of German zoologis ...

'', sometimes referred to as "Bresslau's

bachia :''"Bachia"'' as described by Förster in 1869 is now the cryptine wasp genus '' Bachiana''. ''Bachia'' is a genus of lizards that belong to the spectacled lizards family.Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral Afrânio Pompílio Gastos do Amaral (1 December 1894 in Belém – 29 November 1982 in São Paulo) was a Brazilian herpetologist. As a youngster, he collected snakes for Augusto Emilio Goeldi (1859-1917). He studied medicine in Salvador, Bah ...

in 1935.

Selected works

* ''Beiträge zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Mammarorgane bei den Beutelthieren'', 1901 - Contributions to the developmental history of mammary organs in marsupials. * ''Eine neue Art der marinen Turbellariengattung Polycystis (Macrorhynchus) aus dem Süsswasser'', 1906 - A new species of marine

Turbellaria The Turbellaria are one of the traditional sub-divisions of the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms), and include all the sub-groups that are not exclusively parasitic. There are about 4,500 species, which range from to large freshwater forms more ...

n genus ''Polycystis'' found in

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ...

. * ''Zoologisches Wörterbuch : Erklärung der zoologischen Fachausdrücke. Zum Gebrauch beim Studium zoologischer anatomischer, entwicklungsgeschichtlicher und naturphilosophischer Werke'', written by E. Bresslau and HE Ziegler; Composed by J. Eichler, E. Fraas ... , Revised and edited by Prof. Dr. HE Ziegler, ... / Second increased and improved edition / Jena: G. Fischer, 1911-1912. - Zoological

dictionary A dictionary is a listing of lexemes from the lexicon of one or more specific languages, often arranged alphabetically (or by radical and stroke for ideographic languages), which may include information on definitions, usage, etymologies ...

; declaration of zoological terminology. For use in the study of zoological anatomy, development-historical and natural philosophical works. * ''Die Entwickelung des Mammarapparates der Monotremen, Marsupialier und einiger Placentalier'', 1912 - The development of mammary apparati of

monotreme Monotremes () are prototherian mammals of the order Monotremata. They are one of the three groups of living mammals, along with placentals (Eutheria), and marsupials (Metatheria). Monotremes are typified by structural differences in their brain ...

s, marsupials and some placental animals. * ''Methoden der Süßwaßerbiologie'', 1936 - Methods of freshwater biology.IDREF.fr
(bibliography)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bresslau, Ernst 1877 births 1935 deaths Scientists from Berlin University of Cologne faculty University of São Paulo faculty University of Strasbourg alumni 20th-century German zoologists Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to Brazil