''Eriogonum'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of flowering plants in the family

Polygonaceae The Polygonaceae are a family of flowering plants known informally as the knotweed family or smartweed—buckwheat family in the United States. The name is based on the genus ''Polygonum'', and was first used by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789 ...

. The genus is found in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active

speciation Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. The biologist Orator F. Cook coined the term in 1906 for cladogenesis, the splitting of lineages, as opposed to anagenesis, phyletic evolution within ...

is continuing. It includes some common wildflowers such as the

California buckwheat ''Eriogonum fasciculatum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names California buckwheat and flat-topped buckwheat. Characterized by small, white and pink flower clusters that give off a cottony effect, this species grows vari ...

(''Eriogonum fasciculatum''). The genus derived its name from the Greek word ''erion'' meaning 'wool' and ''gonu'' meaning 'knee or joint'. The author of the genus, Michaux, explained the name as describing the first named species of the genus (''E. tomentosum'') as a wooly plant with sharply bent stems (''"planta lanata, geniculata"''). Despite sharing the common name "buckwheat", ''Eriogonum'' is part of a different genus than the cultivated European

buckwheat Buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum''), or common buckwheat, is a flowering plant in the knotweed family Polygonaceae cultivated for its grain-like seeds and as a cover crop. The name "buckwheat" is used for several other species, such as '' Fago ...

and than other plant species also called wild buckwheat. It came into the news in 2005 when the

Mount Diablo buckwheat ''Eriogonum truncatum'', the Mount Diablo buckwheat, is a small pink wildflower, believed to have been extinct since 1936 until its rediscovery in 2005. The species is only known to live on Mount Diablo in Contra Costa County, northern Californ ...

(''Eriogonum truncatum'', believed to be extinct) was rediscovered.

Ecology

''Eriogonum'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. The ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic r ...

(butterflies and moths). An example of a butterfly that uses this plant for food is the ''

Lycaena heteronea The blue copper, also known as ''Lycaena heteronea'', is an American butterfly that belongs to the gossamer-winged family. The butterfly is named so because of the bright blue hue of the upper side of the males' wings. Females are brown on thei ...

''. Several of these are

monophagous A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet). A specialist species can thrive only in a narrow range of env ...

, meaning their

caterpillar Caterpillars ( ) are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths). As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies (suborder Sym ...

s only feed on this genus, sometimes just on a single

taxon In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...

of ''Eriogonum''. Wild buckwheat flowers are also an important source of food for these and other Lepidoptera. In some cases, the relationship is so close that ''Eriogonum'' and dependent Lepidoptera are in danger of coextinction. Monophagous Lepidoptera on wild buckwheat include: * ''

Apodemia mormo ''Apodemia mormo'' (Mormon metalmark) is a principally Nearctic butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is a particularly fascinating species for ecological and evolutionary research, as evidenced by its shifting taxonomic classifications. Confli ...

'' (Mormon metalmark) – feeds exclusively on ''Eriogonum'' ** ''

Apodemia mormo langei ''Apodemia mormo langei'', the Lange's metalmark butterfly, is an endangered North American butterfly. It is a subspecies of the Mormon metalmark and belongs to the family Riodinidae. The butterfly is endemic to California, where it is known fr ...

'' (Lange's metalmark) – only known from ''Eriogonum nudum'' ssp. ''auriculatum'' * ''

Chionodes dammersi ''Chionodes dammersi'' is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from California and Arizona. The larvae feed on ''Eriogonum elongatum'', ''Eriogonum inflatum'', '' Eriogonum abrorescens'', ''E ...

'' – feeds exclusively on ''Eriogonum'' * ''

Chionodes luteogeminatus ''Chionodes luteogeminatus'' is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Iowa, Washington, Oregon and California. The wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is t ...

'' – only known from ''Eriogonum niveum'' * ''Euphilotes enoptes smithi'' (

Smith's blue butterfly Smith's blue butterfly, ''Euphilotes enoptes smithi'', is an subspecies of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. This federally listed endangered subspecies of '' Euphilotes enoptes'' occurs in fragmented populations along the Central Coast of C ...

) – only known from ''Eriogonum latifolium'' and ''Eriogonum parvifolium'' * ''Euphilotes battoides allyni'' ( El Segundo blue butterfly) - only known from ''Eriogonum parvifolium'' Additionally, bees of the sagebrush steppe rely on the nectar of desert buckwheats, and birds and rodents eat the seeds.

Uses

Some varieties of eriogonum, such as

were and still are used as medicinal and food crops by Native American tribes.

Selected species

'' Eriogonum hirtellum'' Talus buckwheat
''Eriogonum ursinum''">Eriogonum_ursinum.html" ;"title="Talus buckwheat
''Eriogonum ursinum">Talus buckwheat
'' thumb">right">'' Eriogonum wrightii'' var. ''subscaposum'' * ''Eriogonum abertianum'' – Abert's buckwheat * ''Eriogonum alatum'' – winged buckwheat * ''Eriogonum alexanderae''Grady, B. R. and J. L. Reveal. (2011)
New combinations and a new species of ''Eriogonum'' (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae) from the Great Basin Desert, United States.
''Phytotaxa'' 24 33–38. * ''

Eriogonum aliquantum ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It incl ...

'' – Cimarron buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum alpinum ''Eriogonum alpinum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Trinity buckwheat. Description ''Eriogonum alpinum'' is a perennial herb growing in mats, no more than wide and tall. The woolly greenish leaves are rounded and on ...

'' – trinity buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum ampullaceum ''Eriogonum ampullaceum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Mono buckwheat. Description ''Eriogonum ampullaceum'' is an annual herb. The leaves are located about the base of the flowering stem. They are generally rounded, ...

'' – mono buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum androsaceum ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It in ...

'' – rock-jasmine buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum angulosum ''Eriogonum angulosum'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name anglestem buckwheat. The plant is endemism, endemic to central and Southern California, where it is common to abundant in many types of habitat, from cha ...

'' – anglestem buckwheat * '' Eriogonum apiculatum'' – San Jacinto buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum apricum ''Eriogonum apricum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Ione buckwheat. It is endemic to Amador County, California, in the United States. Description This is a small perennial herb growing in patches no more than 25 c ...

'' – Ione buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum arborescens ''Eriogonum arborescens'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name Santa Cruz Island buckwheat. Description ''Eriogonum arborescens'' is a woody shrub that grows from in height, and sprawling from in diameter. The st ...

'' – Santa Cruz Island buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum argillosum ''Eriogonum argillosum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names clay buckwheat, clay-loving buckwheat, and Coast Range wild buckwheat. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from San Benito and Monterey Counties. ...

'' – clay buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum argophyllum ''Eriogonum argophyllum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Sulphur Hot Springs buckwheat, Silver Lake buckwheat, and Ruby Valley buckwheat. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where there is only one known popul ...

'' – Sulphur Hot Springs buckwheat, Ruby Valley buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum baileyi ''Eriogonum baileyi'' is a species of wild buckwheat that is commonly known as Bailey's buckwheat. It is native to the western United States, where it is a common member of the flora in several types of sandy habitat, such as desert and sagebrus ...

'' – Bailey's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum brachyanthum ''Eriogonum brachyanthum'' is a species of wild buckwheat that is commonly known as shortflower buckwheat. It is native to eastern California and western Nevada, particularly the Mojave Desert region, where it is common to abundant, and even som ...

'' – shortflower buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum brachypodum ''Eriogonum brachypodum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Parry's buckwheat. This annual herb is native to the southwestern United States from California to Utah and especially the Mojave Desert. It grows in sandy and gra ...

'' – Parry's buckwheat * '' Eriogonum brandegeei'' – Brandegee's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum breedlovei ''Eriogonum breedlovei'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Paiute buckwheat. It is endemic to the High Sierra Nevada of California, where its two varieties are uncommon members of the flora in granite and limestone ro ...

'' – Paiute buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum brevicaule ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It in ...

'' – shortstem buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum butterworthianum ''Eriogonum butterworthianum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Butterworth's buckwheat. It is endemic to the Santa Lucia Mountains of central Monterey County, California, where it is known from a few occurrences in t ...

'' – Butterworth's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum caespitosum ''Eriogonum caespitosum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name matted buckwheat, mat buckwheat, or cushion desert buckwheat. It is a common perennial plant native to the western United States from California to Montana, especi ...

'' – matted buckwheat * '' Eriogonum calcareum'' * ''

Eriogonum callistum ''Eriogonum callistum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat, known by the common name Tehachapi buckwheat. Description ''Eriogonum callistum'' is a perennial herb forming a mat of woolly whitish green herbage on a woody base measuring up to 35 ...

'' – Tehachapi buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum cedrorum ''Eriogonum cedrorum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name The Cedars buckwheat. It is endemic to Sonoma County, California where it is known only from The Cedars, an unincorporated area outside of Guerneville near Ca ...

'' – The Cedars buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum cernuum ''Eriogonum cernuum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name nodding buckwheat. It is native to much of western North America, where it grows in sandy and gravelly habitat, including woodland and sagebrush. It is an annual herb ...

'' – nodding buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum cinereum ''Eriogonum cinereum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names coastal buckwheat and ashyleaf buckwheat. Distribution This shrub is endemic to the coastline of Southern California, primarily within Los Angeles County and Vent ...

'' – ashyleaf buckwheat, coastal buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum cithariforme ''Eriogonum cithariforme'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name cithara buckwheat. It is endemic to the Transverse Ranges and Southern Outer California Coast Ranges of Southern California. It grows in sandy areas in a number ...

'' – Cithara buckwheat * '' Eriogonum codium'' – basalt desert buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum coloradense ''Eriogonum coloradense'' is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name Colorado buckwheat. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States.Eriogonum compositum'' – arrowleaf buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum congdonii ''Eriogonum congdonii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Congdon's buckwheat. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it is an uncommon member of the serpentine soils flora in the local forests ...

'' – Congdon's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum contiguum ''Eriogonum contiguum'' is an uncommon species of wild buckwheat. It is commonly known as Reveal's buckwheat and annual desert trumpet. It is native to Death Valley in California and adjacent sections of Nevada. It is commonly found in Death Val ...

'' – Reveal's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum corymbosum ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It in ...

'' – crispleaf buckwheat ** ''

Eriogonum corymbosum var. nilesii ''Eriogonum corymbosum'' var. ''nilesii'' is a rare variety of '' Eriogonum corymbosum'', a species of Polygonaceae, commonly known as Nile's wild buckwheat, Las Vegas buckwheat, or golden buckwheat. The plant can be found in the Mojave Desert, ...

'' – Nile's wild buckwheat, Las Vegas buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum covilleanum ''Eriogonum covilleanum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Coville's buckwheat. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the Coast Ranges from the Bay Area to the hills north of the Los Angeles area. It is uncommon i ...

'' – Coville's buckwheat * '' Eriogonum crocatum'' – conejo buckwheat or saffron buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum crosbyae ''Eriogonum crosbyae'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Crosby's buckwheat. It is native to southcentral Oregon and northwestern Nevada in the United States.Eriogonum cusickii ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It in ...

'' – Cusick's buckwheat * '' Eriogonum dasyanthemum'' – chaparral buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum davidsonii ''Eriogonum davidsonii'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name Davidson's buckwheat. This plant is native to the southwestern United States and northern Baja California. It grows in sandy or gravelly soils, mixed gras ...

'' – Davidson's buckwheat * '' Eriogonum deflexum'' – flatcrown buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum deserticola ''Eriogonum deserticola'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Colorado Desert buckwheat. Distribution The herbaceous perennial plant is native to the Sonoran Desert of the Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico, ...

'' – Colorado Desert buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum diatomaceum ''Eriogonum diatomaceum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Churchill Narrows buckwheat. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it is known only from the Pine Nut Mountains in Lyon County. It is limited to the ...

'' – Churchill Narrows buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum diclinum ''Eriogonum diclinum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Jaynes Canyon buckwheat. It is native to the Klamath Mountains of northern California and southern Oregon, where it is an uncommon member of plant communities on s ...

'' – Jaynes Canyon buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum domitum ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It in ...

'' * ''

Eriogonum douglasii ''Eriogonum douglasii'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name Douglas' buckwheat. It is native to the western United States, including the Pacific Northwest and part of the Great Basin. Description ''Eriogonum dougla ...

'' – Douglas buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum elatum ''Eriogonum elatum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name tall woolly buckwheat. It is native to the western United States from California to Idaho. It is a perennial herb varying in size from one half to 1.5 meters in height. ...

'' – tall woolly buckwheat * '' Eriogonum encelioides'' – Encelia buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum eremicola ''Eriogonum eremicola'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Telescope Peak buckwheat and Wild Rose Canyon buckwheat. It is endemic to Inyo County, California, where it is known from only a few occurrences in the Inyo Mo ...

'' – Telescope Peak buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum evanidum ''Eriogonum evanidum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name vanishing wild buckwheat. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it has been collected from widely scattered areas. Most historical occur ...

'' – vanishing wild buckwheat * '' Eriogonum exilifolium'' – dropleaf buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum fasciculatum ''Eriogonum fasciculatum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names California buckwheat and flat-topped buckwheat. Characterized by small, white and pink flower clusters that give off a cottony effect, this species grows vari ...

'' – California buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum flavum ''Eriogonum flavum'' is a species of wild buckwheat. Common names This flower has several common names, including but not limited to: Pipers buckwheat, Pipers golden buckwheat, Yellow umbrella plant,Neil L. Jennings and Pipers Wild Buckwheat ...

'' – yellow buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum giganteum ''Eriogonum giganteum'', with the common name St. Catherine's lace, is a species of wild buckwheat in Southern California.

'' – Saint Catherine's lace ** ''Eriogonum giganteum'' var. ''compactum'' – Santa Barbara Island buckwheat * '' Eriogonum gilmanii'' – Gilman's buckwheat Eriogonum thymoides 9256

* ''

Eriogonum gossypinum ''Eriogonum gossypinum'' is an uncommon species of wild buckwheat known by the common name cottony buckwheat. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the southern Central Valley and some of the adjacent foothills. It is often found ...

'' – cottony buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum gracile ''Eriogonum gracile'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name slender woolly buckwheat. Distribution The annual plant is native to California, where it is widespread across the state except the deserts, and to parts of Baja Cali ...

'' – slender woolly buckwheat * '' Eriogonum gracilipes'' – White Mountain buckwheat, raspberry buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum gracillimum ''Eriogonum gracillimum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name rose and white buckwheat. It is endemic to California California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the U ...

'' – rose and white buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum grande ''Eriogonum grande'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name redflower buckwheat. It is native to northwestern Baja California, as well as the Channel Islands of California. It is a mat-forming perennial herb producing tall, stou ...

'' – redflower buckwheat * '' Eriogonum gypsophilum'' – gypsum wild buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum heermannii ''Eriogonum heermannii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Heermann's buckwheat. It is native to the southwestern United States from California to Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the ...

'' – Heermann's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum helichrysoides ''Eriogonum helichrysoides'', common names spreading buckwheat and strawflower wild buckwheat, is a plant species endemic to Kansas. It has been reported from only 6 counties in the west-central part of the state: Ellis, Gove, Lane, Logan, Scot ...

'' – Strawflower wild buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum heracleoides ''Eriogonum heracleoides'' (common names; parsnipflower buckwheat, whorled buckwheat, and Wyeth buckwheat) is a plant of western North America that has many flowering clusters which are usually cream colored, or off-white. It can usually be found ...

'' – parsnip-flower Buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum hirtellum ''Eriogonum hirtellum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Klamath Mountain buckwheat. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains The Klamath Mountains are a rugged and lightly populated mountain range in northwestern Calif ...

'' – Klamath Mountain Buckwheat * '' Eriogonum hoffmannii'' – Hoffmann's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum hookeri ''Eriogonum hookeri'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Hooker's buckwheat. It is native to the Intermountain West of the United States, where it grows in plateau and desert habitat. Description It is an annual herb produ ...

'' – Hooker's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum incanum ''Eriogonum incanum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name frosted buckwheat. It is native to the Sierra Nevada of California and extreme western Nevada. It is also known from Oregon. Description This is a dioecious perenni ...

'' – frosted buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum inflatum ''Eriogonum inflatum'', the desert trumpet, is a perennial plant of the family Polygonaceae. The plant possesses very small yellow or pink flowers and an inflated stem just below branching segments. Eriogonum: from the Greek ''erion'', "wool", ...

'' – desert trumpet, bladderstem, Indian pipe-weed * ''

Eriogonum intrafractum ''Eriogonum intrafractum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names jointed buckwheat and napkinring. This plant is endemic to Inyo County, California, where it is known only from the mountain ranges surrounding Death Valley. It ...

'' – napkinring, jointed buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum jamesii ''Eriogonum jamesii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name James' buckwheat and antelope sage. It is native to the southwestern United States, being found in: Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma Oklaho ...

'' – James' buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum kelloggii ''Eriogonum kelloggii'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Red Mountain buckwheat and Kellogg's buckwheat. It is endemic to Mendocino County, California, where it is known from only five occurrences on Red Mountain nea ...

'' – red mountain buckwheat Eriogonum nidularium 5

* ''

Eriogonum kennedyi ''Eriogonum kennedyi'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Kennedy's buckwheat. Description ''E. kennedyi'' is a perennial herb forming a small cushiony mat covered in oval leaves up to about a centimeter long. The greenish ...

'' – Kennedy's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum latens ''Eriogonum latens'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Inyo buckwheat. It is native to the western Great Basin region, in the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada and the Inyo Mountains of California and the White Mountains ...

'' – Inyo buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum latifolium ''Eriogonum latifolium'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names seaside buckwheat and coast buckwheat. This plant is native to the coastline of the western United States from Washington to central California California ...

'' – seaside buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum libertini ''Eriogonum libertini'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Dubakella Mountain buckwheat. This uncommon plant is endemic to California where it grows in the rocky serpentine terrain of the southern Klamath Mountains and near ...

'' – Dubakella Mountain buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum lobbii ''Eriogonum lobbii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Lobb's buckwheat or prostrate buckwheat. It is native to most of the mountain ranges of northern California and their extensions into Oregon and Nevada. It is found in ...

'' – Lobb's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum longifolium ''Eriogonum longifolium'', the longleaf eriogonum or long-leaf wild buckwheat, is a dicot of the family Polygonaceae. In addition to populations of ''E. longifolium'' var. ''longifolium'' found in Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, New Mexico ...

'' – longleaf buckwheat ** ''

Eriogonum longifolium var. harperi ''Eriogonum longifolium'' var. ''harperi'', also known as Harper's buckwheat or Harper's umbrella plant, is a dicot of the family ''Polygonaceae'', found in areas of nutrient-poor shale soils in Alabama, Kentucky and Tennessee. It lives inconspic ...

'' – Harper's umbrella plant or Harper's buckwheat ** '' Eriogonum longifolium var. gnaphalifolium'' – scrub buckwheat or long-leaf wild Buckwheat ** ''

'' var. ''longifolium'' – longleaf buckwheat ** '' Eriogonum longifolium var. lindheimeri'' – Lindheimer's long-leaf ''Eriogonum'' or Lindheimer's buckwheat Eriogonum inflatum 4

* ''

Eriogonum luteolum ''Eriogonum luteolum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name goldencarpet buckwheat. It is native to many of the mountain ranges of California and southern Oregon, including the Sierra Nevada, Cascades and California Coast Ra ...

'' – goldencarpet buckwheat * '' Eriogonum maculatum'' – spotted buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum marifolium ''Eriogonum marifolium'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name marumleaf buckwheat. It is native to the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains of California and the ranges' extensions into Oregon and Nevada. Description This is ...

'' – marumleaf buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum microthecum ''Eriogonum microthecum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name slender buckwheat. It is native to the western United States where it is found in a variety of habitats, particularly in dry areas such as deserts. Description Th ...

'' – slender buckwheat * '' Eriogonum mohavense'' – Western Mojave buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum molestum ''Eriogonum molestum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name pineland buckwheat. It is endemic to southern California, where it grows in the Transverse Ranges of Ventura County to the Peninsular Ranges of San Diego County. Des ...

'' – pineland buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum nervulosum ''Eriogonum nervulosum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Snow Mountain buckwheat. This uncommon plant is endemic to the inland North Coast Ranges of California, where it is known from only a handful of occurrences, most o ...

'' – Snow Mountain buckwheat * '' Eriogonum nidularium'' – birdnest buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum niveum ''Eriogonum niveum'' is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name snow buckwheat. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, where it occurs in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.

'' – snow buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum nortonii ''Eriogonum nortonii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Pinnacles buckwheat. This small annual herb is endemic to California where it is known mainly from a few occurrences around the border between Monterey and San Benit ...

'' – pinnacles buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum nudum ''Eriogonum nudum'' is a perennial shrub of the wild buckwheat genus which is known by the common name naked buckwheat or nude buckwheat. Description The ''Eriogonum nudum'' plant is a tall, bare, leafless stem, bifurcating into more stems, ...

'' – naked buckwheat ** ''Eriogonum nudum'' ssp. ''auriculatum'' Eriogonum heermannii var sulcatum 11

* ''

Eriogonum nummulare ''Eriogonum nummulare'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Kearney's buckwheat and money buckwheat. It is native to the Great Basin of the United States from California to Utah, where it grows on sandy slopes and plateaus. ...

'' – Kearney buckwheat, money buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum ochrocephalum ''Eriogonum ochrocephalum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name whitewoolly buckwheat. It is native to the Great Basin of the United States, where it grows in local habitat such as sagebrush. It is a perennial herb forming a ...

'' – whitewoolly buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum ovalifolium ''Eriogonum ovalifolium'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name cushion buckwheat. It is native to western North America from California to Alberta, where it is a member of many plant communities in varied habitats, including t ...

'' – cushion buckwheat, oval-leaf buckwheat * '' Eriogonum palmerianum'' – Palmer's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum panamintense ''Eriogonum panamintense'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Panamint Mountain buckwheat. It is native to several of the desert mountain ranges of eastern California and western Nevada, including the Panamint Range. It grow ...

'' – Panamint Mountain buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum parishii ''Eriogonum parishii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name mountainmist. Distribution It is found mainly in southern California, where it grows in many of the mountain ranges from the Sierra Nevada, White Mountains and In ...

'' – mountainmist * ''

Eriogonum parvifolium ''Eriogonum parvifolium'' is a species in the family Polygonaceae that occurs on dune formations in the coastal area of Central and Southern California. This evergreen shrub grows to a height of 30 to 100 centimeters with a spread of approxi ...

'' – coast buckwheat, dune buckwheat or cliff buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum pauciflorum ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It incl ...

'' – Fewflower buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum pelinophilum ''Eriogonum pelinophilum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name clay-loving wild buckwheat. It is endemic to the state of Colorado in the United States, where it is known from only two counties.USFWS''Eriogonum pelinophil ...

'' – clay-loving wild buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum pendulum ''Eriogonum pendulum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Waldo buckwheat. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of Josephine County, Oregon, and Del Norte County, California, where it is a member of the serpentine so ...

'' – waldo buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum plumatella ''Eriogonum plumatella'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name yucca buckwheat. It is native to the desert southwest of the United States. Description This is an erect shrub reaching a maximum of about 60 centimeters in height ...

'' – yucca buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum prattenianum ''Eriogonum prattenianum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Nevada City buckwheat. Description ''Eriogonum prattenianum'' is a small shrub growing up to about half a meter tall when erect in form or growing in a clump or ...

'' – Nevada City buckwheat * '' Eriogonum prociduum'' – prostrate buckwheat Eriogonum crocatum

* ''

Eriogonum pusillum ''Eriogonum pusillum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name yellowturbans. It is native to the western United States where it grows in sandy soils in a number of habitats, especially in the Mojave Desert and Great Basin. Des ...

'' – yellowturbans * ''

Eriogonum pyrolifolium ''Eriogonum pyrolifolium'' (Shasta buckwheat, pyrola-leafed buckwheat, alpine buckwheat, alpine eriogonum, oarleaf buckwheat, or dirty socks) is a species of wild buckwheat. It is native to western North America, from British Columbia to the hig ...

'' – pyrola-leaved buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum reniforme ''Eriogonum reniforme'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name kidney-leaf buckwheat. It is native to the desert southwest of the United States in California, Arizona, and Nevada, and its range may extend into Mexico. Descripti ...

'' – kidneyleaf buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum rixfordii ''Eriogonum rixfordii'' is an uncommon species of wild buckwheat known by the common name pagoda buckwheat. It is native to the Mojave Desert, where it grows in California's Death Valley and adjacent parts of Nevada. Description This is an annu ...

'' – pagoda buckwheat * '' Eriogonum rosense'' – rosy buckwheat, mountain rose buckwheat ** '' Eriogonum rosense var. beatleyae'' – Beatley's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum roseum ''Eriogonum roseum'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name wand buckwheat. It is native to much of western California and the Sierra Nevada (U.S.), Sierra Nevada foothills, as well as parts of Oregon, and it is widesp ...

'' – wand buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum salicornioides ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It incl ...

'' – glasswort buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum saxatile ''Eriogonum saxatile'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name hoary buckwheat. It is native to the dry, rocky mountain slopes of California and Nevada, where it is a common plant. Description This is a variable perennial which ...

'' – hoary buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum shockleyi ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It incl ...

'' – cowpie buckwheat Eriogonumbaileyi

* ''

Eriogonum siskiyouense ''Eriogonum siskiyouense'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Siskiyou buckwheat. Distribution The plant is endemic to far northern California. It is known only from the area between Mount Eddy in the Trinity Mountain ...

'' – Siskiyou buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum soredium ''Eriogonum soredium'' is a species of eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common name Frisco buckwheat. It is endemic to Utah in the United States, where it is known only from Beaver County, Utah, Beaver County. There are four populations, al ...

'' – Frisco buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum spectabile ''Eriogonum spectabile'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Barron's buckwheat. It is endemic to Plumas County, California, where it is known from two occurrences in Lassen National Forest near Chester. There are approx ...

'' – Barron's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum spergulinum ''Eriogonum spergulinum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name spurry buckwheat. Varieties There are three varieties: two are limited and endemic to the Sierra Nevada in California; while the more common of the three, var. '' ...

'' – spurry buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum sphaerocephalum ''Eriogonum sphaerocephalum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names rock buckwheat and round-headed desert buckwheat. It is native to the western United States. Habitat ''Eriogonum sphaerocephalum'' can be found primarily e ...

'' – rock buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum strictum ''Eriogonum strictum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Blue Mountain buckwheat. It is a common plant of western North America from northern California to British Columbia where it is found along rocky slopes and scrubland ...

'' – blue mountain buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum ternatum ''Eriogonum ternatum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name ternate buckwheat. It is native to mountain ranges of northern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in the serpentine soil of the forests. This is a perenni ...

'' – ternate buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum tiehmii ''Eriogonum tiehmii'', known as Tiehm's buckwheat, is a species of flowering plant endemic to the Silver Peak Range of Esmeralda County, Nevada in the United States. Its only known population is at high risk of destruction due to proposed mining ...

'' – Tiehm's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum thomasii ''Eriogonum thomasii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Thomas' buckwheat. It is native to the desert southwest of the United States and northern Mexico where it is common in many areas, sometimes becoming a weed. Descrip ...

'' – Thomas' buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum thurberi ''Eriogonum thomasii'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name Thurber's buckwheat. It is native to the desert southwest of North America in Arizona, California, New Mexico and three desert states of Mexico, where it is common to ...

'' – Thurber's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum thymoides ''Eriogonum thymoides'' is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family known by the common name thymeleaf wild buckwheat, or simply thymeleaf buckwheat.Eriogonum thymoides'. Washington Burke Museum. Description ''Eriogonum thymoides'' ...

'' – thymeleaf buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum tomentosum ''Eriogonum tomentosum'', commonly referred to as dogtongue buckwheat or dogtongue wild buckwheat, is a species in the Polygonaceae (smartweed or knotweed) family. Distribution It is found in Southeastern US states including Alabama, Florida, Ge ...

'' – dogtongue wild buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum trichopes ''Eriogonum trichopes'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name little desert trumpet. It is native to the mountain slopes and deserts of the southwestern United States from California to New Mexico, and its range extends into Me ...

'' – little desert trumpet Eriogonumspergulinum

* ''

Eriogonum tripodum ''Eriogonum tripodum'' is a rare species of wild buckwheat known by the common name tripod duckwheat. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the Sierra Nevada foothills and northern sections of the Coast Ranges. Description ''Eriog ...

'' – tripod buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum truncatum ''Eriogonum truncatum'', the Mount Diablo buckwheat, is a small pink wildflower, believed to have been extinct since 1936 until its rediscovery in 2005. The species is only known to live on Mount Diablo in Contra Costa County, northern Califor ...

'' – Mount Diablo buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum umbellatum ''Eriogonum umbellatum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name sulphurflower buckwheat, or simply sulphur flower. It is native to western North America from California to Colorado to central Canada, where it is abundant and fou ...

'' – sulphurflower buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum ursinum ''Eriogonum ursinum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Bear Valley buckwheat and talus buckwheat. It is endemic to northern California where it is found on mountains from the northern Sierra Nevada to the southern Klama ...

'' – talus buckwheat, Bear Valley buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum vimineum ''Eriogonum vimineum'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common name wickerstem buckwheat. It is native to the Northwestern United States, California, and Nevada where it is common to abundant in many types of habitat, including the S ...

'' – wickerstem buckwheat * '' Eriogonum viridescens'' – twotooth buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum visheri ''Eriogonum visheri'' is a species of wild buckwheat known by the common names Dakota wild buckwheat and Visher's buckwheat. It is native to the Great Plains in the United States, where it is known from North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana.

'' – Dakota wild buckwheat, Visher's buckwheat * ''

Eriogonum wrightii ''Eriogonum wrightii'' is a species of Eriogonum, wild buckwheat known by the common names bastardsage and Wright's buckwheat. It is native to the Southwestern United States, California, and northwest Mexico, where it grows in many plant communit ...

'' – bastardsage * ''

Eriogonum zapatoense ''Eriogonum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is found in North America and is known as wild buckwheat. This is a highly species-rich genus, and indications are that active speciation is continuing. It incl ...

'' * ''

Eriogonum zionis ''Eriogonum zionis'', common name Zion wild buckwheat or Point Sublime wild buckwheat, is a plant species native to the southwestern United States, the states of Utah and Arizona. It grows on sandy or gravelly soil at elevations of 1300–2300 m. ...

'' – Zion buckwheat

References

External links

Genus treatment in the ''Jepson Manual''

Mt. Diablo buckwheat rediscovered
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2707277 Polygonaceae genera