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The ''Erblande'' ("Hereditary Lands") of the House of Habsburg formed the Alpine heartland of the
Habsburg monarchy The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
.Kann, ''Habsburg Empire'', 1–4. They were the hereditary possessions of the Habsburgs within the Holy Roman Empire from before 1526. The ''Erblande'' were not all unified under the head of the dynasty prior to the 17th century. They were divided into several groupings: the
Archduchy of Austria The Archduchy of Austria (german: Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at th ...
, Inner Austria, the County of Tyrol, and Further Austria.Ingrao, ''Habsburg Monarchy'', 5–9. The ''Erblande'' did not include either the Lands of the Bohemian Crown or the Lands of the Hungarian Crown, since both monarchies were elective when the Habsburg
Ferdinand I Ferdinand I or Fernando I may refer to: People * Ferdinand I of León, ''the Great'' (ca. 1000–1065, king from 1037) * Ferdinand I of Portugal and the Algarve, ''the Handsome'' (1345–1383, king from 1367) * Ferdinand I of Aragon and Sicily, '' ...
was elected to their thrones in 1526. Ferdinand divided the ''Erblande'' between his three heirs in 1564 and they were not reunited until 1665. The ''Erblande'' were gathered into the Austrian Circle in 1512. This ensured a direct connection between the junior lines of the Austrian Habsburgs and the Empire after 1564, since throughout this period the Austrian Habsburgs exercised only one vote in the Council of Princes.Winkelbauer, "Separation and Symbiosis", 174. Both the Bohemian and Hungarian nobilities lost their rights of royal election through defeat in battle. Following his victory in the Battle of White Mountain (1620) over the Bohemian rebels, Ferdinand II promulgated a Renewed Constitution (1627) that established hereditary succession. In his will and testament of 1621, Ferdinand II tried to establish the principle of primogeniture to ensure that the ''Erblande'' would not be divided again as in 1564. Following the
Battle of Mohács The Battle of Mohács (; hu, mohácsi csata, tr, Mohaç Muharebesi or Mohaç Savaşı) was fought on 29 August 1526 near Mohács, Kingdom of Hungary, between the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary and its allies, led by Louis II, and those ...
(1687), in which Leopold I reconquered almost all of Hungary from the
Ottoman Turks The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922). Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...
, the emperor held a diet in Pressburg to establish hereditary succession in the Hungarian kingdom.Kann, ''Habsburg Empire'', 55–57. Although the term ''Erblande'' was often extended to include Bohemia (which lay within the Holy Roman Empire) after 1627, it was never used to describe Hungary, even after 1687.Hochedlinger, ''Austria's Wars'', xvii.


Notes


Sources

*Hochedlinger, Michael. ''Austria's Wars of Emergence: War, State and Society in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1683–1797''. Routledge, 2013. *Ingrao, Charles W. ''The Habsburg Monarchy, 1618–1815''. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2019. *Kann, Robert A. ''A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526–1918''. University of California Press, 1974. *Winkelbauer, Thomas. "Separation and Symbiosis: The Habsburg Monarchy and the Empire in the Seventeenth Century". In Robert Evans and Peter Wilson (eds.), ''The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806: A European Perspective''. Brill, 2012. pp. 167–184. {{refend House of Habsburg Regions of Europe Austrian Circle