''Epigonus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of li ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Epigonidae Epigonidae, the deepwater cardinalfishes, are a family of perciform fishes. The family includes about 43 species. They are small fishes: the largest, '' Epigonus telescopus'', reaches in length, and most grow to no more than or so. They are f ...

found in the

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asia ...

and

Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...

. The genus was erected by

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; October 22, 1783September 18, 1840) was a French 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimat ...

in 1810.

Species

There are currently 37 recognized species in this genus: * '' Epigonus affinis'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 (smooth-nose deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M., Motomura, H. & Asahida, T. (2011)
Redescription of a Poorly Known Deepwater Cardinalfish, ''Epigonus affinis'' (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Epigonidae), and Comparison with Related Species.
''Species Diversity'', 16 (3-4): 85-92. * '' Epigonus angustifrons'' Abramov & Manilo, 1987 * '' Epigonus atherinoides'' ( C. H. Gilbert, 1905) * '' Epigonus carbonarius''

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& Motomura, 2011 (charcoal deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2011)
''Epigonus carbonarius'', a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Marquesas Islands, with a redefinition of the ''Epigonus oligolepis'' group.
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (2): 155–160. * '' Epigonus cavaticus'' H. Ida,

& Sakaue, 2007 (Palauan deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus chilensis''

, 2012 Okamoto, M. (2012)
Two new species of the genus ''Epigonus'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the South Pacific, with a definition of the ''Epigonus constanciae'' group.
''Ichthyological Research'', 59 (3): 242–254. * '' Epigonus constanciae'' ( Giglioli, 1880) * '' Epigonus crassicaudus'' F. de Buen, 1959 * '' Epigonus ctenolepis'' Mochizuki & Shirakihara, 1983 Okamoto, M. & Fukui, A. (2011)
Redescription of a rare deepwater cardinalfish, ''Epigonus ctenolepis'' Mochizuki and Shirakihara 1983, and comparison with related species (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (4): 388–392. * '' Epigonus denticulatus'' Dieuzeide, 1950 (pencil deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus devaneyi'' Gon, 1985 * '' Epigonus draco''

, 2015 (dragon deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. (2015)
''Epigonus draco'', a New Species of Deepwater Cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Western Pacific.
''Species Diversity'', 20 (2): 121–127. * '' Epigonus elegans'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus elongatus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus exodon''

& Motomura, 2012 Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2012)
''Epigonus exodon'', a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Epigonidae) from Réunion, western Indian Ocean.
''Zootaxa'', 3453: 84–88. * '' Epigonus fragilis'' ( D. S. Jordan & E. K. Jordan, 1922) * '' Epigonus glossodontus'' Gon, 1985 * '' Epigonus heracleus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 (Hercules deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus indicus'' IDREES BABU & AKHILESH 2020IDREES BABU, K.K., & AKHILESH, K.V. (2020). Epigonus indicus, a new species of deepwater cardinalfish (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Indian Ocean. Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 36, 20–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4243312 * '' Epigonus lenimen'' ( Whitley, 1935) (big-eyed deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus lifouensis''

& Motomura, 2013 (Loyalty deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. & Motomura, H. (2013)
Two new species of deepwater cardinalfish from the Indo-Pacific, with a definition of the ''Epigonus pandionis'' group (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 60 (4): 301–311. * '' Epigonus machaera''

, 2012 * '' Epigonus macrops'' ( A. B. Brauer, 1906) (luminous deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus marimonticolus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus marisrubri''

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, Zajonz & Khalaf, 2009 (Red Sea deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus mayeri''

, 2011 (Angolan deep-water cardinalfish) Okamoto, M. (2011)
A new species of deepwater cardinalfish, ''Epigonus mayeri'', from the eastern Central Atlantic, and redescription of ''Epigonus heracleus'' Parin and Abramov 1986 (Perciformes: Epigonidae).
''Ichthyological Research'', 58 (2): 101–108. * '' Epigonus megalops'' ( H. M. Smith &

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, 1912) Okamoto, M. (2016): Validity of ''Epigonus megalops'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae), Redescription of ''E. atherinoides'', and First Record of ''E. draco'' from the Central South Pacific. ''Species Diversity'', 21 (2): 177-186. * '' Epigonus notacanthus'' Parin & Abramov, 1986 * '' Epigonus occidentalis''

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& T. H. Bean, 1896 (western deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus oligolepis'' G. F. Mayer, 1974 * '' Epigonus pandionis'' (

& T. H. Bean, 1881) * '' Epigonus parini'' Abramov, 1987 * '' Epigonus pectinifer'' G. F. Mayer, 1974 * '' Epigonus robustus'' (

Barnard Barnard is a version of the surname Bernard, which is a French and West Germanic masculine given name and surname. The surname means as tough as a bear, Bar(Bear)+nard/hard(hardy/tough) __NOTOC__ People Some of the people bearing the surname Ba ...

, 1927) (robust deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus telescopus'' ( A. Risso, 1810) (black deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus thai''

Prokofiev Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev; alternative transliterations of his name include ''Sergey'' or ''Serge'', and ''Prokofief'', ''Prokofieff'', or ''Prokofyev''., group=n (27 April .S. 15 April1891 – 5 March 1953) was a Russian composer ...

& Bussarawit, 2012 Parin, N.V., Prokofiev, A.M. & Bussarawit, S. (2012)
Two new species of the genus ''Epigonus'' (Perciformes: Epigonidae) from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
''Journal of Ichthyology'', 52 (3): 239–243. * '' Epigonus tuberculatus''

& Motomura, 2013 (Keeling deep-water cardinalfish) * '' Epigonus waltersensis'' Parin & Abramov, 1986

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3015268 Epigonidae Perciformes genera Marine fish genera Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque