''Eoperipatus totoro'' is a species of
velvet worm
Onychophora (from grc, ονυχής, , "claws"; and , , "to carry"), commonly known as velvet worms (due to their velvety texture and somewhat wormlike appearance) or more ambiguously as peripatus (after the first described genus, '' Peripatus ...
of the family
Peripatidae
Peripatidae is a family of velvet worms. The oldest putative representatives of the family herald from Burmese amber dated to the mid-Cretaceous, around 100 Ma, with representatives from Dominican and Baltic amber attesting to a broader distribu ...
discovered in Vietnam in 2007.
As of 2013, it is the only velvet worm known from Vietnam. The specific name is derived from
caterpillar
Caterpillars ( ) are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies (suborder Sym ...
-like
Catbus
The (referred to in the film as ねこのバス, ''Neko no basu'') is a fictional character in the Studio Ghibli film ''My Neighbor Totoro'', directed by Hayao Miyazaki. It is a large, grinning twelve-legged cat with a hollow body that serves ...
from the Japanese animated film ''
My Neighbor Totoro.'' It has a distinct feature from other worms in having uniquely shaped hairs on its body surface. Its ability to spit out nets of sticky glue from its appendages is used for catching prey.
Taxonomy
The first specimen was caught in
Cát Tiên National Park,
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
by P.V. Kvartalnov, E.A. Galoyan and I.V. Palko from the
Lomonosov Moscow State University
M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...
and
Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre
Vietnam-Russia Tropical Centre (Vietnamese: ''Trung tâm nhiệt đới Việt Nga'', Russian: ''Российско-вьетнамский тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический це ...
in November 2007.
It was described for the first time in 2010 by Vietnamese researchers Thai Dran Bai and Nguyen Duc Anh.
But
formal description was made only in June 2013 by a team led by Georg Mayer and Ivo de Sena Oliveira from the
University of Leipzig
Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 Decemb ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
. The
type specimen was a male caught in 2009 by Peter Geissler from
the Alexander Koenig Research Museum.
Found in the Crocodile Lake area of the park, it is so far the only velvet worm described from Vietnam, although at least one other undescribed species lives in the country.
Before 2013, only three valid species of ''Eoperipatus'' were recognised in
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
, and ''E. totoro'' as a distinct species was confirmed using detail data from
scanning electron microscopy and
molecular analysis
Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or ...
(
mitochondrial COI and
12S rRNA sequences).
The generic name ''Eoperipatus'' is derived from an
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...
combining form of (), meaning "dawn", and ''peripatos'', meaning "walking about". The specific name ''totoro'' was requested by the collectors of the first specimen, who were reminded of the
caterpillar
Caterpillars ( ) are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies (suborder Sym ...
-like
Catbus
The (referred to in the film as ねこのバス, ''Neko no basu'') is a fictional character in the Studio Ghibli film ''My Neighbor Totoro'', directed by Hayao Miyazaki. It is a large, grinning twelve-legged cat with a hollow body that serves ...
from the Japanese animated film ''
My Neighbor Totoro''.
Description
Unlike other velvet worms, ''E. totoro'' has uniquely shaped hairs on its body surface. These worms spend most of their lives inside moist soil, in rotting logs or under rocks. They come out only during rainy season, and therefore, are not easily seen. They can spit out jets of sticky glue from two appendages on their back, by which they capture small prey for food. The glue is composed of a mixture of proteins in which prey can be entangled.
This species can reach 65 mm (2.6 in.) in length. Females have 24 pairs of legs; males have 23 pairs of legs. Diagnostic features include distinct types of scales on the ventral side of the body, the inner structure of the circular pits on the
male genital pad, and the position and size of the
anal gland
Anal may refer to:
Related to the anus
*Related to the anus of animals:
** Anal fin, in fish anatomy
** Anal vein, in insect anatomy
** Anal scale, in reptile anatomy
*Related to the human anus:
** Anal sex, a type of sexual activity involving s ...
pads in males.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q14931778
Onychophoran species
Onychophorans of southeast Asia
Animals described in 2013
Fauna of Southeast Asia
Invertebrates of Vietnam