The (Spanish for salad) is a genre of

polyphonic Polyphony ( ) is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, h ...

secular music mixing languages and dialects and nonsensical

quodlibet A quodlibet (; Latin for "whatever you wish" from ''quod'', "what" and '' libet'', "pleases") is a musical composition that combines several different melodies—usually popular tunes—in counterpoint, and often in a light-hearted, humorous man ...

s. The term is known mainly through a publication, '

Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 million people. The city has a temperate ...

(1581), by Mateo Flecha the Younger, that contains six long four-part vocal compositions by his uncle

Mateo Flecha Mateo Flecha (Catalan: Mateu Fletxa) (1481–1553) was a Catalan composer born in Kingdom of Aragon, in the region of Prades. He is sometimes known as "El Viejo" (the elder) to distinguish him from his nephew, Mateo Flecha el Joven, Mateo Flecha "E ...

(1481–1553). Each of these is divided into several sections, ranging from seven to twelve. The music is for four voices. Apart from the by Mateo Flecha, there are also two examples by Mateo Flecha the younger, two by

Pere Alberch Vila Pere Alberch Vila (in Catalan language: Pere Alberc i Vila) (1517–1582): was a Catalan Renaissance composer and organist. He was born Pere Alberc i Ferrament at Vic in 1517. The nickname ''i Vila'' comes from a more notable branch of his fam ...

, several by Bartolomé Cárceres, one by the unknown F. Chacón and several anonymous sources. There is also an instrumental for organ by

Sebastián Aguilera de Heredia Sebastian Aguilera de Heredia (August 1561 – 16 December 1627Robert Cummings, "Sebastián Aguilera de Heredia", aAllMusic.com/ref>) was a Spanish monk, musician and composer. He was first the organ (music), organist at the Huesca Cathedral, cath ...

Works

Prague 1581 # El Fuego (the fire) – Flecha # La Bomba (the pump) – Flecha # La Negrina (the black girl) – Flecha # La Guerra (the battle) – Flecha # El Bon Jorn (the good day) – Vila # La Justa (the joust) – Flecha # La Viuda (the widow) – Flecha # La Feria (the fair) – Flecha (the younger) # Las Cañas (the pan-pipas) – Flecha (the younger) # La Trulla - Càrceres # La Lucha (the struggle) – Vila # Los Chistes (the jokes) – Flecha # Las Cañas II (the pan-pipes II) – Flecha # El Molino (the mill) – Chacón Supplement # El Jubilate – Flecha # La Caza (the hunt) – Flecha # El Toro (the bull) – Flecha # La Negrina (the black woman) – Cárceres # Las Cañas III (the pan-pipes III) – Brudieu

Francisco de Peñalosa Francisco de Peñalosa (c. 1470 – April 1, 1528) was a Spanish composer of the middle Renaissance. Life He was born in Talavera de la Reina in the province of Toledo. He spent most of his career in Seville, serving as the ''maestro di capi ...

# Por las sierras de Madrid, for 6 voices. # Tú que vienes de camino, for 2 voices. Garcimuñóz (attributed) # Una montaña pasando, for 4 voices Anon. * Quien madruga Dios le ayuda. Romancero 1612

Sources

Manuscripts * Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya, Ms 454 ( Cancionero de Barcelona). * Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya. Ms 588 I * Barcelona, Biblioteca de Catalunya. Ms 588 II. *

Cancionero de Medinaceli The Cancionero de Medinaceli or Cancionero Musical de Medinaceli (CMM) is a manuscript containing Spanish music of the Renaissance. It was copied during the second half of the 16th century and kept at the library of the Duke of Medinaceli's house, ...

Palma de Mallorca, Fundación Bartolomé Marchalso known as Madrid, Biblioteca Privada de Bartolomé March Servera, R. 6829 (861); olim Biblioteca de la Casa del Duque de Medinaceli, MS 13230. Printed editions * Cancionero de Uppsala. Villancicos de diversos autores. Jerónimo Scotto. Venecia. 1556 * Las ensaladas de Flecha. Mateo Flecha el joven. Editor: Lorge Negrino. Praga. 1581. (only bass survives) * Le difficile de Chansons. Second Livre.

Jacques Moderne Jacques Moderne - Giacomo Moderno (Pinguente, Istria Buzet.html"_;"title="ow_Buzet">ow_Buzet,_Croatia.html" ;"title="Buzet">ow_Buzet,_Croatia.html" ;"title="Buzet.html" ;"title="ow Buzet">ow Buzet, Croatia">Buzet.html" ;"title="ow Buzet">ow Buzet, ...

. Lyon. ''La justa'', titled ''La Bataille en Spagnol''. Transcriptions for voice and vihuela * Orphénica Lyra,

Miguel de Fuenllana Miguel de Fuenllana (c.1500–1579) was a Spanish vihuelist and composer of the Renaissance. Biography Little is known of his life. It is assumed from his name that his roots lie in the municipality of Fuenllana, in the province of Ciudad Re ...

. * Silva de Sirenas,

Enríquez de Valderrábano Enríquez de Valderrábano (c. 1500 – after 1557) was a Spanish Vihuela, vihuelist and composer. There is little biographical data on this composer of early music, but his ''Libro de música de vihuela intitulado Silva de Sirenas'', published in ...

. * Libro de música de vihuela,

Diego Pisador Diego Pisador (1509/10? – after 1557) was a Spanish vihuelist and composer of the Renaissance. Life Little is known of the details of Pisador's life, not even the exact dates of his birth and death. It is known that he was born in Salamanca aro ...

References

* ''Historia de la Música en España e Hispanoamérica 2. De los Reyes Católicos a Felipe II'', Maricarmen Gómez (ed.). Madrid-México D.F., Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2012 (chapters II-III). {{Authority control Early music Spanish music Polyphonic singing Multilingual mass media Derivative works