Enrique Cornelio Osornio Martínez de los Ríos (September 16, 1868 – April 1, 1945) was a Mexican

politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking ...

and

military surgeon ''Military Medicine'' is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of medicine in military settings. It is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States. It was est ...

with the rank General Brigadier Médico Cirujano (

Brigadier General Brigadier general or Brigade general is a military rank used in many countries. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries. The rank is usually above a colonel, and below a major general or divisional general. When appointed ...

MC).

Life

Osornio Martínez was born in

Santiago de Querétaro Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose ...

, and was the son of Jesús Osornio and Refugio Martínez de los Ríos. He attended the Colegio San Luis Gonzaga and afterwards the Colegio Civil of Querétaro from 1883 to 1887. In 1892 he began his studies at the Escuela Nacional de Medicina (currently Faculty of Medicine of the UNAM) in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital city, capital and primate city, largest city of Mexico, and the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North Amer ...

and graduated in 1893. As an officer candidate he completed the Escuela Práctica Médico-Militar (predecessor of the Escuela Médico Militar) at the military

teaching hospital A teaching hospital is a hospital or medical centre that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located ...

and made his specialty training in

ophthalmology Ophthalmology ( ) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. An ophthalmologist is a physician who undergoes subspecialty training in medical and surgical eye care. Following a medic ...

in the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

and in

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

from 1893 to 1895. In 1896 he married María Elvira Camarena Aldana and worked in Aguascalientes. He also was a liberal thinking politician, active in the city of Aguascalientes from 1903 to 1911 and as Deputy Governor of Aguascalientes from 1910 to 1911. From 1914 he served as a military surgeon on the side of revolutionary forces during the

revolution In political science, a revolution (Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically due ...

, was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General (MC) in 1916. From June 1, 1916 to December 11, 1917 as well as from December 4, 1920 to December 16, 1934 he served as head of the medical branch in the Secretaría de Guerra y Marina. He was one of the founders of the Escuela Constitucionalista Médico Militar where he was director and taught as Professor of

pathology Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in ...

medical therapy A therapy or medical treatment (often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx) is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications. There are many different ...

and ophthalmology. From 1933 to 1934 he was director of the journal "Gaceta Médico Militar", the organ of the Mexican military branch. He died in Mexico City. Calva Cuadrilla, E.
''Enrique C. Osornio-Martínez de los Ríos, General Brigadier Médico Cirujano''
(Spanish), Revista de Sanidad Militar 2006, 60/3 May–June, S. 202-203.

Awards

* Gold medal, First class of the Spanish Red Cross (1924)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Osornio Martinez de los Rios, Enrique Cornelio 1868 births 1945 deaths 20th-century Mexican politicians Mexican generals Academic staff of Escuela Médico Militar Mexican military doctors Mexican ophthalmologists Politicians from Mexico City 20th-century Mexican physicians 20th-century Mexican military personnel 19th-century Mexican physicians 19th-century Mexican military personnel 20th-century Mexican educators