Enramycin (also knownb as enduracidin) is a polypeptide antibiotic produced by '' Streptomyces fungicidus''. Enramycin is widely used as a feed additive for pigs and chickens to prevent necrotic enteritis induced by Gram-positive gut pathogens.

Mechanism of action

Enramycin acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme MurG, which is essential for

cell wall A cell wall is a structural layer surrounding some types of cells, just outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes rigid. It provides the cell with both structural support and protection, and also acts as a filtering mech ...

biosynthesis in

Gram-positive bacteria In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall. Gram-positive bact ...

. MurG catalyzes the transglycosylation reaction in the last step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Inhibiting this step greatly compromises cell wall integrity leading to cell lysis.

Spectrum of susceptibility

Enramycin has been found to be very effective against Gram-positive gut pathogens, most notably, '' Clostridium perfringens''; a leading cause of necrotic enteritis. The following represents MIC data for a couple of veterinary pathogens. * ''Clostridium perfringens'': 0.05 μg/ml – 1.6 μg/ml * ''Staphylococcus aureus'': 0.013 μg/ml – 0.413 μg/ml

Composition

Standard grade enramycin is composed of two main components called enramycin A and enramycin B. These two components are routinely used as analytical reference standards; however, their activity as individual compounds does not appear to be widely studied or characterized.

References

{{Reflist Polypeptide antibiotics Veterinary drugs