Three

primary energy Primary energy (PE) is an energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human engineered conversion process. It is energy contained in raw fuels, and other forms of energy, including waste, received as input to a system. Pr ...

sources make up the

energy mix The energy mix is a group of different primary energy sources from which secondary energy for direct use - such as electricity - is produced. Energy mix refers to all direct uses of energy, such as transportation and housing, and should not be c ...

Guinea Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the we ...

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...

biomass Biomass is plant-based material used as a fuel for heat or electricity production. It can be in the form of wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues, and waste from industry, farms, and households. Some people use the terms bi ...

, oil and

hydropower Hydropower (from el, ὕδωρ, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to Electricity generation, produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by energy transformation, converting the Pot ...

. Biomass (firewood and

charcoal Charcoal is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by strongly heating wood (or other animal and plant materials) in minimal oxygen to remove all water and volatile constituents. In the traditional version of this pyrolysis process, cal ...

) makes the largest contribution in primary energy consumption. It is locally produced, while Guinea imports all the

petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crud ...

products it needs. The potential for hydroelectric power generation is high, but largely untapped. Electricity is not available to a high percentage of Guineans, especially in rural areas, and service is intermittent, even in the capital city of

Conakry Conakry (; ; sus, Kɔnakiri; N’ko: ߞߐߣߊߞߙߌ߫, Fula: ''Konaakiri'' 𞤑𞤮𞤲𞤢𞥄𞤳𞤭𞤪𞤭) is the capital and largest city of Guinea. A port city, it serves as the economic, financial and cultural centre of Guinea. Its p ...

Consumption and access

The estimated 2012 national consumption was 903 million kWh. Consumption per individual was less than the equivalent of half a ton of petroleum, broken down into 80% from biomass, 18% from hydrocarbons and 2% from electricity. At the national level, 34% of the population have access to electricity. In rural areas where 8.1 million people reside, 7% have access to electricity.

Biomass

In 1995, firewood was by far the greatest source of energy, accounting for 85%. In 2008, biomass accounted for 89%. According to a 2012

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster globa ...

paper, over 74% of households use firewood for cooking. 23% use charcoal.

Electricity

The
Electricité Nationale de Guinée
' (National Electricity Company of Guinea) is responsible for all production and distribution of electricity in the country. However, service is poor; even households in Conakry are served less than 12 hours a day. According to ''

The World Factbook ''The World Factbook'', also known as the ''CIA World Factbook'', is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available ...

'', as of 2013, only 53% of urban areas and 11% of rural areas had access to electricity, leaving 8.7 million people without it. There is also a sharp east-west divide: west of the

Ouré-Kaba Ouré-Kaba is a town and sub-prefecture in the Mamou Prefecture in the Mamou Region of Guinea Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: Ré ...

Tougué Tougué (Pular: 𞤚𞤵𞤺𞤫𞥅) is a town located in central Guinea. It is the capital of Tougué Prefecture. In 2008, its population was estimated at 3,745.Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal The ''Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Sénégal'' (OMVS; in English Senegal River Basin Development Authority) is an organisation grouping Guinea, Mali, Mauritania and Senegal for the purpose of jointly managing the Senegal River and i ...

'' (Sénégal River Basin Development Organization),''Guinea: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper'', p. 79 ''Organisation pour la mise en valeur du fleuve Gambie'' (Gambia River Basin Development Organization) and

West African Power Pool The West African Power Pool (WAPP) is a cooperation of the national electricity companies in Western Africa under the auspices of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The members of WAPP are working for establishing a reliable ...

Oil

The country has no known reserves. It imported an estimated 9,089 bbl/day in 2012.

Renewable energy

Guinea is believed to have substantial potential for renewable energy. Potential resources for hydroelectricity is estimated at 4,740 MW. Government policy seeks to improve energy efficiency, increase the share of renewables, and cut local electricity tariffs. The country plans to install off-grid solar systems in rural areas to improve access to electricity. The mini-grids will have capacities between 10 kilowatts to 10 MW.

References

External links

Électricté de Guinée
{{Guinea topics