''Endaro Mahanubhavulu'' is a popular '' kriti'' in Carnatic music composed by Tyagaraja, one of the Trinity of Carnatic music. Its lyrics are in

Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...

; the music is set in the Sri Ragam and is in Aadi Talam. It is among the '' Pancharatna Kritis'' ("five gems") of Tyagaraja.

Etymology

The word ''Mahānubhāvulu'' is made up of two Sanskrit words, ''mahát'' and '' anubhava''. ''Mahát'' is a superlative term which means "great, important, high, eminent" and is related to the word ''mahadbhū'' which means "to become great or full (said of the moon)".Monier Monier Williams
महत्
Sanskrit English Dictionary with EtymologyMonier Monier Williams

Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology The term ''anubhava'' refers to experience or knowledge derived from personal observation.Monier Monier Williams

Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology Hence the word ''Mahānubhāvulu'' is referring to those devotees who have acquired extraordinary wisdom through their personal experiences. The word ''Endarō'' means "many persons".Charles Philip Brown
ఎందరు
Telugu English Dictionary with Etymology Thus, ''Endarō Mahānubhāvulu'' can be translated as "The great men who have attained dizzy heights in their spiritual experience and who have lived in all the ages".

History

Endaro Mahanubhavulu was composed by Tyagaraja after an encounter with Govinda Marar, a highly skilled musician from Travancore (modern-day Kerala, India). One of Govinda's greatest musical feats was that he could effortlessly sing a pallavi in six kalas. As a result, he came to be known as 'Shatkala Govinda Marar'. In 1838, as the fame of Tyagaraja reached him, he decided to travel to Thiruvaiyaru to see him in person. He took with him two of his disciples, Nallathambi Mudaliyar and Vadivelu. When he finally visited Tyagaraja's house, he found Tyagaraja sitting on a stone platform outside the house. Marar respectfully bowed to the great master and said "I have come seeking the privilege of listening to your celestial music. You should be pleased to confer it on me." Tyagaraja would never sing for the pleasure of strangers, without an inner urge. So he gave no response to the request. Vadivelu understood Tyagaraja's mind and asked him if he would at least listen to his master Marar sing. Tyagaraja glanced at Marar and condescendingly replied "What glorious music can this sick man offer? Let me see." Govinda Marar sang with his heart and soul, moving from raga to raga, overwhelming the audience with his singing. The performance conjured images of mighty musicians and artists in Tyagaraja's mind. That very moment the words of the renown song 'Endaro Mahanubhavulu' flowed from his lips. The song was a dedication to all the great maestros and performers. In this poem, Tyagaraja describes the greatness of devotees through the ages.

Ragam

The kriti is set to Sri Ragam, which is a '' janya'' (derivative) of the 22nd ''

melakarta Mēḷakartā is a collection of fundamental musical scales ( ragas) in Carnatic music (South Indian classical music). ''Mēḷakartā'' ragas are parent ragas (hence known as ''janaka'' ragas) from which other ragas may be generated. A ''melak ...

'',

Kharaharapriya Kharaharapriya is a rāga in Carnatic music. It is the 22nd ''melakarta'' rāga (parent scale) in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāga system. It is possible that the name of the ragam was originally ''Harapriya'' but it was changed to conform to the K ...

Scale

*Aarohanam : S R2 M1 P N2 S' *Avarohanam : S' N2 P D2 N2 P M1 R2 G2 R2 S

Lyrics, with meaning

Pallavi

Endarō mahānubhāvulu andarīki vandanamulu Endarō
एंदरो महानुभावुलु अन्दरीकि वन्दनमुलु
ఎందరో మహానుభావులు అందరీకీ వందనములు
Salutations to all those great men in this world

Anupallavi

Chanduru varṇuni andachandamunu hr̥dayāravindamuna jūchi brahmānanda manubhavin̄chuvā
चन्दुरु वर्णुनि अन्दचन्दमुनु हृदयारविन्दमुन जूचि ब्रह्मानन्द मनुभविंचुवा
చందురు వర్ణుని అందచందమును హ్రుదయారవిందమున జూచి బ్రహ్మానందమనుభవించువా
Those men will feel the moonlike beautiful form of God in their hearts and will be enlightened about it

Charanam

1 Sāma gāna lōla manasija lāvaṇya dhanya mūrdhanyu (endarō)
साम गान लोल मनसिज लावण्य धन्य मूर्धन्यू
Those who worship you who is fond of chorus singing (साम गान) 2 Mānasa vanacara vara sañchāramu nilipi mūrti bāguga poḍaganē vā (rendarō)
They control their mind and worship you who is as beautiful as Manmatha
3 Saraguna pādamulaku swāntamanu sarōjamunu samarpaṇamu sēyuvā (rendarō)
They submit their hearts at your feet
4 Patita pāvanuḍanē parātparuni guriñci paramārthamagu nija mārgamutōnu pāḍucunu sallāpamutō swara-layādi rāgamulu teliyuvā-(rendarō)
Oh! the protector of people they sing your praise with true devotion and they have good knowledge of swara, laya &

raga A ''raga'' or ''raag'' (; also ''raaga'' or ''ragam''; ) is a melodic framework for improvisation in Indian classical music akin to a musical mode, melodic mode. The ''rāga'' is a unique and central feature of the classical Indian music tradit ...

5 Hariguṇa maṇimaya saramulu gaḷamuna śōbhillu bhakta kōṭulilalō telivitō celimitō karuṇa galgi jagamellanu sudhā dṛṣṭicē brōcu vā-(rendarō)
They wear garlands made of gems that represent the quality of Hari and with mercy they see the whole world with love & affection
6 Hoyalu mīra naḍalu galgu sarasuni sadā kanula jūcucunu pulaka śarīrulai yānanda payōdhi nimagnulai mudambunanu yaśamu galavā (rendarō)
They are so happy to see the beautiful gait of the God everyday and they are happy about it
7 Parama bhāgavata mauni varaśaśi vibhākara sanaka sanandana digīśa sura kimpuruṣa kanaka-kaśipu suta nārada tumburu pavana-sūnu bhālachandra-dhara shuka sarōja-bhava bhūsura varulu parama pāvanulu ghanulu śāśvatulu kamalabhava sukhamu sadānubhavulu gāka (yendarō)
परम भागवत मौनी वरशशी विभाकर सनक सनन्दन दिगीश सुर किंपुरुष कनक-कश्यपु-सुत नारद तुम्बरु पवन-सूनु भालचन्द्रधर शुक सरोजभव भूसुर वरलु परम पावनुलु घनुलु शाश्वतुलु कमलभव सुखमु सदानुभावुलु गाक

Surya Surya (; sa, सूर्य, ) is the sun as well as the solar deity in Hinduism. He is traditionally one of the major five deities in the Smarta tradition, all of whom are considered as equivalent deities in the Panchayatana puja and a m ...

, Chandra, Sanaka Sanandanas, Dikpalas, Devas, Kimpurushas, Prahalada, Narada, Tumburu, Anjaneya,

Siva Siva may refer to: Film and television * Siva (director), Indian cinematographer and director * ''Siva'' (1989 Tamil film), a film starring Rajinikanth as the title character * ''Siva'' (1989 Telugu film), an action film Music and dance * "Siv ...

, Sukar, Brahma, Brahmanas enjoy the Brahmanandha Swaroopa of God always. Apart from them there are others and salutations to them also
8 Nī mēnu nāma vaibhavambulanu nī parākrama dhairyamula śānta mānasamu nīvulanu vacana satyamunu raghuvara nīyeḍa sadbhaktiyu janiñcakanu durmatamulanu kalla jēsinaṭṭi nī madineriṅgi santasambunanu guṇa bhajanānanda kīrtanamu sēyuvā (rendarō)
नी मेनु नाम वैभवम्बुलनु नी पराक्रम धैर्यमूल शान्त मानसमु नीवुलनु वचन सत्यमुनु रघुवर
They praise your form, name, valour, bravery, peaceful heart, true words. You destroy all bad thoughts that prevent people from praying you, they know that and they praise your qualities
9 Bhāgavata rāmāyaṇa gītādi śruti śāstra purāṇapu marmamulanu śivādi ṣaṇmatamula gūḍhamulanu muppadi mukkōṭi surāntaraṅgamula bhāvambula- neriṅgi bhāva rāga layādi saukhyamucē chirāyuvul kalgi niravadhi sukhātmulai tyāgarājāptulaina-vā (rendarō)
भागवत रामायण गीतादि श्रुति शास्त्र पुराणपु मर्ममुलनु शिवादि षण्मतमुल गूढमुलनु मुप्पदि मुक्कोटी सुरान्तरंगमुल भावम्बुल नेरिंगि भाव राग लयादि सौख्यमुखे चिरायुवुल कल्कि निरवधि सुखात्मुलई त्यागराजाप्तुलैन-वा
Those who know the secret of Bhagavatha, Ramayana, Gita, Sruti, Sasthra, Epic, various religious thoughts, the thoughts of the 33 types of Devas, bhava, raga,

tala Tala may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Tala (comics), a fictional character in DC comics *''Tala'', a 1938 volume of poetry by Gabriela Mistral *Tala (music), a rhythmic pattern in Indian classical music * "Tala" (song), by Sarah Geronimo ...

and they have a long life and enjoy all good things 10 Prēma muppiri konu vēḷa nāmamu talacē vāru5 rāma bhaktuḍaina tyāga- rāja nutuni nija dāsulaina vā (rendarō) prēma muppirigonu vēḷa nāmamunu dalacēvāru
प्रेम मुप्पिरि कोनु वेळ नाममु तलसे वारु रामभक्तडैन त्यागराज नुतुनि
Those beloved of the Lord of Tyagaraja, when bhakti increases they think your name, they are Rama bhaktas, they are devotees of the Lord of Tyagaraja who worships you

References

{{reflist Telugu-language songs Carnatic compositions