As of September 2016, the

International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

(IUCN) lists 643

endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inva ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of li ...

species. 4.2% of all evaluated fish species are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered. Of the subpopulations of fishes evaluated by the IUCN, 24 species subpopulations have been assessed as endangered. For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of extinction". An even higher risk is faced by ''critically endangered'' species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered fishes are listed separately. There are 1098 fish species which are endangered or critically endangered. Additionally 3191 fish species (21% of those evaluated) are listed as ''

data deficient A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation status to be made. This does not necessaril ...

'', meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN. While the category of ''data deficient'' indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed." This is a complete list of endangered fish species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN. Species and subspecies which have endangered subpopulations (or stocks) are indicated.

Cartilaginous fishes

Chondrichthyes includes sharks, rays, skates, and saw-fish. There are 124 cartilaginous fishes classified as endangered by the IUCN.

Prickly sharks

Bramble shark The bramble shark (''Echinorhinus brucus'') is one of the two species of sharks in the family Echinorhinidae. Aside from the eastern Pacific Ocean, it is found in tropical and temperate waters worldwide. This rarely encountered shark swims close ...

''(Echinorhinus brucus)''

Carpet sharks

Whale shark The whale shark (''Rhincodon typus'') is a slow-moving, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of .McClain CR, Balk MA, Benfield MC, Branch TA, Chen C, Cosgrove J, D ...

''(Rhincodon typus)'' * Pacific nurseshark ''(Ginglymostoma unami)'' *

Zebra shark The zebra shark (''Stegostoma tigrinum'') is a species of carpet shark and the sole member of the family Stegostomatidae. It is found throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific, frequenting coral reefs and sandy flats to a depth of . Adult zebra sharks ...

''(Stegostoma tigrinum)'' * Hasselt's bambooshark ''(Chiloscyllium hasselti)''

Ground sharks

Bonnethead The bonnethead (''Sphyrna tiburo''), also called a bonnet shark or shovelhead, is a small member of the hammerhead shark genus ''Sphyrna'', and part of the family Sphyrnidae. It is an abundant species in the littoral zone of the North Atlantic ...

''(Sphyrna tiburo)'' *

Winghead shark The winghead shark (''Eusphyra blochii'') is a species of hammerhead shark, and part of the family Sphyrnidae. Reaching a length of , this small brown to gray shark has a slender body with a tall, sickle-shaped first dorsal fin. Its name comes fr ...

''(Eusphyrna blochii)'' * Happy Eddie ''(Haploblepharus edwardsii)'' *

Honeycomb Izak The honeycomb Izak or Natal Izak (''Holohalaelurus favus'') is a type of catshark in the Western Indian Ocean, near South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in ...

''(Holohalaelurus favus)'' * African spotted catshark ''(Holohalaelurus punctuatus)'' *

Blackspotted catshark The blackspotted catshark (''Halaelurus buergeri'') is a catshark of the family Scyliorhinidae. It is found in the waters off the coasts of Japan, Korea, China, and Taiwan between latitudes 39° N and 20° N, at the depths of between 80 and 10 ...

''(Halaelurus buergeri)'' *

Grey reef shark The grey reef shark (''Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos'', sometimes misspelled ''amblyrhynchus'' or ''amblyrhinchos'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family (biology), family Requiem shark, Carcharhinidae. One of the most common reef sharks in t ...

''(Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos)'' *

Caribbean reef shark The Caribbean reef shark (''Carcharhinus perezi'') is a species of requiem shark, belonging to the family Carcharhinidae. It is found in the tropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Brazil, and is the most commonly encounter ...

''(Carcharhinus perezi)'' * Dusky shark ''(Carcharhinus obscurus)'' *

Smoothtooth blacktip shark The smoothtooth blacktip shark (''Carcharhinus leiodon'') is a species of requiem shark in the family Carcharhinidae. It is known only from the type specimen caught from the Gulf of Aden, off eastern Yemen, and a handful of additional specimens ...

''(Carcharhinus leiodon)'' *

Whitenose shark The whitenose shark (''Nasolamia velox'') is a species of shark of the family Carcharhinidae. The only member of the genus ''Nasolamia'', it is found in the tropical waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean between latitudes 31° N and 18°&nb ...

''(Nasolamia velox)'' *

Blacknose shark The blacknose shark (''Carcharhinus acronotus'') is a species of requiem shark, belonging to the family Carcharhinidae, common in the tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. This species generally inhabits coastal seagrass, ...

''(Carcharhinus acronotus)'' *

Night shark The night shark (''Carcharhinus signatus'') is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, found in the temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean. An inhabitant of the outer continental shelf and upper continental slope, ...

''(Carcharhinus signatus)'' * Sharptooth lemon shark ''(Negaprion acutidens)'' *

Sandbar shark The sandbar shark (''Carcharhinus plumbeus'') also known as the brown shark or thickskin shark, is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae, native to the Atlantic Ocean and the Indo-Pacific. It is distinguishable by its ...

''(Carcharhinus plumbeus)'' *

Whitecheek shark The whitecheek shark or widemouth blackspot shark (''Carcharhinus dussumieri'') is a requiem shark of the family Carcharhinidae, found in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean between latitudes 34°N and 25°S. It can reach a length of 1 m. It feed ...

''(Carcharhinus dussumieri)'' *

Borneo broadfin shark The Borneo broadfin shark or broadfin shark (''Lamiopsis tephrodes'') is a species of requiem shark, and part of the family Carcharhinidae. See also *List of sharks Shark is the naming term of all members of Selachimorpha suborder in the su ...

''(Lamiopsis tephrodes)'' *

Broadfin shark The broadfin shark (''Lamiopsis temminckii'') is a tropical whaler shark, characterized by the broad shape of its pectoral fins. They are classified as requiem sharks of the family Carcharhinidae. This is one of two species in the genus ''Lamiops ...

''(Lamiopsis temminckii)'' *

Venezuelan dwarf smoothhound The dwarf smooth-hound (''Mustelus minicanis'') is a houndshark of the family Triakidae. It is found on the continental shelves of the tropical western central Atlantic, off the coast of South America between Cabo de la Vela, Colombia and Rio ...

''(Mustelus minicanis)'' * Spotless smoothhound ''(Mustelus griseus)'' * Indonesian houndshark ''(Hemitriakis indroyonoi)'' *

Banded houndshark The banded houndshark (''Triakis scyllium'') is a species of houndshark in the family Triakidae, common in the northwestern Pacific Ocean from the southern Russian Far East to Taiwan. Found on or near the bottom, it favors shallow coastal habit ...

''(Triakis scyllium)'' * Starspotted smoothhound ''(Mustelus manazo)'' *

Japanese topeshark The Japanese topeshark (''Hemitriakis japanica'') is a species of houndshark, in the family (biology), family Triakidae. It can reach a length of up to 1.1 m. It is found in the subtropical northwest Pacific from China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, b ...

''(Hemitriakis japanica)'' * Smalleye smoothhound ''(Mustelus higmani)'' * Common smoothhound ''(Mustelus mustelus)'' *

Sharpfin houndshark The sharpfin houndshark (''Triakis acutipinna'') is a houndshark of the family Triakidae. Only two specimens have been found, both in the coastal waters of Ecuador, the longest one being 1.02 m in length. The reproduction of this houndshark is o ...

''(Hemitriakis acutipinna)'' * Straight-tooth weaselshark ''(Paragaleus tengi)'' * Atlantic weaselshark ''(Paragaleus pectoralis)''

Mackerel sharks

Shortfin mako The shortfin mako shark (; ; ''Isurus oxyrinchus''), also known as the blue pointer or bonito shark, is a large mackerel shark. It is commonly referred to as the mako shark, as is the longfin mako shark (''Isurus paucus''). The shortfin mako can ...

''(Isurus oxyrinchus)'' * Longfin mako ''(Isurus paucus)'' *

Pelagic thresher The pelagic thresher (''Alopias pelagicus'') is a species of thresher shark, family Alopiidae; this group of sharks is characterized by the greatly elongated upper lobes of their caudal fins. The pelagic thresher occurs in the tropical and subtro ...

''(Alopias pelagicus)'' *

Basking shark The basking shark (''Cetorhinus maximus'') is the second-largest living shark and fish, after the whale shark, and one of three plankton-eating shark species, along with the whale shark and megamouth shark. Adults typically reach in length. ...

''(Cetorhinus maximus)''

Dogfishes

Gulper shark The gulper shark (''Centrophorus granulosus'') is a long and slender dogfish usually about three feet in length generally found in deep, murky waters all around the world. It is a light grayish brown, paler ventrally, with a long snout and larg ...

''(Centrophorus granulosus)'' * African gulper shark * Little gulper shark ''(Centrophorus uyato)'' * Blackfin gulper shark ''(Centrophorus isodon)'' * Longfin gulper shark * Mosaic gulper shark ''(Centrophorus tessellatus)'' *

Leafscale gulper shark The leafscale gulper shark (''Centrophorus squamosus'') is a dogfish of the family Centrophoridae. ''C. squamosus'' is reported to have a lifespan of approximately 70 years, based on otolith ring counts. It was the first described species in ...

''(Centrophorus squamosus)'' *

Dumb gulper shark The dumb gulper shark (''Centrophorus harrissoni'') is a rare and endangered deepwater dogfish, known from only along the east coast of Australia and isolated spots north and west of New Zealand. It is also known as the dumb shark, Harrison's d ...

''(Centrophorus harrissoni)'' * Angular roughshark ''(Oxynotus centrina)'' *

Shortspine spurdog The shortspine spurdog (''Squalus mitsukurii'') is a dogfish, a member of the family Squalidae, found on continental shelves off Japan in temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (23.5° to ...

''(Squalus mitsukurii)'' * Japanese spurdog ''(Squalus japonicus)'' * Japanese shortnose spurdog ''(Squalus brevirostris)'' *

Greeneye spurdog The greeneye spurdog (''Squalus chloroculus'') is a species of dogfish described in 2007. It is a member of the family Squalidae, found off the coast of southeastern Australia. The length of the longest specimen measured is . It was considered c ...

''(Squalus chloroculus)'' * Taiwan spurdog ''(Squalus formosus)''

Angel sharks

Species

Skates

* Winter skate ''(Leucoraja ocellata)'' * Undulate skate ''(Raja undulata)'' * Graytail skate ''(Bathyraja griseocauda)'' * Yellownose skate ''(Dipturus chilensis)'' * Roughskin skate ''(Dipturus trachydermus)'' * La Plata skate ''(Atlantoraja platana)'' *

Mottled skate The mottled skate (''Beringraja pulchra'') is a species of skate in the family Rajidae. An inhabitant of shallow coastal waters, it is found in the northwestern Pacific Ocean off Korea, Japan, and China. This species grows to long and has a dia ...

''(Beringraja pulchra)'' *

Bottlenose skate The bottlenose skate, spearnose skate, or white skate (''Rostroraja alba'') is a species of skate in the family Rajidae. It is a benthic fish native to the coastal eastern Atlantic Ocean. Due to overfishing, it has been depleted or extirpated i ...

''(Rostroraja alba)'' * Grey skate ''(Dipturus canutus)'' * Rough skate ''(Raja radula)'' * Sandy skate ''(Leucoraja circularis)'' * Eyespot skate ''(Atlantoraja cyclophora)'' * Maugean skate ''(Dipturus maugeanus)'' * Twineye skate ''(Raja ocellifera)''

Rays

Giant manta ray The giant oceanic manta ray, giant manta ray, or oceanic manta ray (''Mobula birostris'') is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae, and the largest type of ray in the world. It is circumglobal and is typically found in tropical and subtropica ...

''(Mobula birostris)'' * Spinetail devil ray ''(Mobula mobular)'' * Atlantic devil ray ''(Mobula hypostoma)'' * Bentfin devil ray ''(Mobula thurstoni)'' * Shortfin devil ray ''(Mobula kuhlii)'' * Longhorned pygmy devil ray ''(Mobula eregoodoo)'' *

Chilean devil ray The Chilean devil ray (''Mobula tarapacana''), also known as the box ray, greater Guinean mobula, sicklefin devil ray or the spiny mobula, is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae. It is often observed worldwide, basking just below the surfac ...

''(Mobula tarapacana)'' * Ornate eagle ray ''(Aetomylaeus vespertilio)'' * Ocellate eagle ray ''(Aetobatus ocellatus)'' * Whitespotted eagle ray ''(Aetobatus narinari)'' * Longhead eagle ray ''(Aetobatus flagellum)'' * Mottled eagle ray ''(Aetomylaeus maculatus)'' * Giant freshwater whipray ''(Urogymnus polylepis)'' * White-edge whipray ''(Fluvitrygon signifer)'' * Coach whipray ''(Himantura uarnak)'' * Bleeker's whipray ''(Pateobatis bleekeri)'' * Sharpnose whipray ''(Maculabatus macrura)'' *

Marbled whipray The marbled whipray (''Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus'') is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to several freshwater rivers in Southeast Asia. This species has an oval pectoral fin disc with an elongated, pointed snout ...

''(Fluvitrygon oxyrhynchus)'' *

Round whipray The round whipray (''Maculabatis pastinacoides'') is a species of stingray within the family Dasyatidae. Populations of round whipray are primarily located in the Malay Archipelago, more specifically, parts of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malay ...

''(Maculabatus pastinacoides)'' * Roughback whipray ''(Fluvitrygon kittapongi)'' *

Whitespotted whipray The whitespotted whipray or sharpnose stingray (''Maculabatis gerrardi'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It is found in coastal regions including estuaries, in the Indo-Pacific, and has also been recorded in the Ganges River. ...

''(Maculabatis gerrardi)'' *

Tubemouth whipray The tubemouth whipray (''Urogymnus lobistoma'') is a little-known species of Myliobatiformes, stingray in the family (biology), family Dasyatidae, named for its distinctive, highly protrusible jaws. It is found in shallow, brackish water near man ...

''(Urogymnus lobistoma)'' * Whitenose whipray ''(Himantura uarnacoides)'' * Javan whipray ''(Bevitrygon javaensis)'' *

Honeycomb whipray The honeycomb whipray (''Himantura undulata'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, found widely in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific from India to the Malay Archipelago. This large species grows to across and has ...

''(Himantura undulata)'' * Narrow cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus gracilicaudus)'' * Roughnose cowtail ray ''(Pastinachus solocirostris)'' *

Javanese cownose ray Javanese may refer to: Of Java *Javanese people, and their culture *Javanese language **Javanese script, traditional letters used to write Javanese language **Javanese (Unicode block), **Old Javanese, the oldest phase of the Javanese language * ...

''(Rhinoptera javanica)'' * Oman cownose ray ''(Rhinoptera jayakari)'' * Mekong stingray ''(Hemitrygon laosensis)'' * Seret's butterfly ray ''(Gymnura sereti)'' * Spiny butterfly ray ''(Gymnura altaveri)'' * Zonetail butterfly ray ''(Gymnura zonura)'' *

Groovebelly stingray The groovebelly stingray (''Dasyatis hypostigma''), referred to as the butter stingray by fishery workers, is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It is found over sandy or muddy bottoms in shallow coastal waters off southern Brazil, ...

''(Dasyatis hypostigma)'' * Atlantic chupare ''(Styracura schmardae)'' *

Coastal stingaree The coastal stingaree (''Urolophus orarius'') is an uncommon species of round ray in the stingaree family, Urolophidae, that is endemic to the eastern Great Australian Bight. Appearance and anatomy As with more common rays, the body of this sp ...

''(Urolophus orarius)'' * Raya Amazonica ''(Potamotrygon tigrina)'' * Indian sharpnose ray ''(Telatrygon crozieri)'' * Venezuelan round ray ''(Urotrygon venezuelae)'' * Chinese stingray ''(Hemitrygon sinensis)'' * Large-eye stingray ''(Hypanus marinae)''

Sawfish and guitarfish

Dwarf sawfish The dwarf sawfish or Queensland sawfish, ''Pristis clavata'', is a sawfish of the family Pristidae, found in tropical Australia. This endangered species is the smallest species in its family. Description The dwarf sawfish has a torpedo-shap ...

''(Pristis clavata)'' * Knifetooth sawfish ''(Anoxypristis cuspidata)'' * Borneo guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos borneensis)'' * Chola guitarfish ''(Pseudobatos percellens)'' * Shortnose guitarfish ''(Zapteryx brevirostris)'' * Ringed guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos hynnicephalus)'' * Indonesian guitarfish ''(Rhinobatos penggali)'' * Greyspot guitarfish ''(Acroteriobatus leucospilus)''

Torpedo rays

* Chinese fanray ''(Platyrhina sinensis)'' * Tonkin numbfish ''(Narcine prodorsalis)'' * West African torpedo ''(Torpedo mackayana)'' * Rosette torpedo ''(Torpedo bauchotae)'' * Aden torpedo ''(Torpedo adenensis)''

Ray-finned fishes

Subpopulations *''Squatina guggenheim'' (1 subpopulation)

Mackerel sharks

Subpopulations *

''(Cetorhinus maximus)'' (2 subpopulations) *

Porbeagle The porbeagle (''Lamna nasus'') is a species of mackerel shark in the family Lamnidae, distributed widely in the cold and temperate marine waters of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere. In the North Pacific, its ecological equivalent is ...

''(Lamna nasus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Rays and skates

Ground sharks

Species Subpopulations *

Sicklefin lemon shark The sicklefin lemon shark (''Negaprion acutidens'') or sharptooth lemon shark is a species of requiem shark belonging to the family Carcharhinidae, widely distributed in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. It is closely related to the better ...

''(Negaprion acutidens)'' (1 subpopulation) *

Scalloped hammerhead The scalloped hammerhead (''Sphyrna lewini'') is a species of hammerhead shark in the family (biology), family Hammerhead shark, Sphyrnidae. It was originally known as ''Zygaena lewini''. The Greek language, Greek word ''sphyrna'' translates into ...

''(Sphyrna lewini)'' (3 subpopulations)

Carpet sharks

''(Rhincodon typus)''

Squaliformes

Species *

''(Centrophorus harrissoni)'' Subpopulations *

Spiny dogfish The spiny dogfish (''Squalus acanthias''), spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish is one of the best known species of the Squalidae (dogfish) family (biology), family of sharks, which is part of the Squaliformes order. While these common names ma ...

''(Squalus acanthias)'' (2 subpopulations)

Lampreys

Turkish brook lamprey Turkish may refer to: *a Turkic language spoken by the Turks * of or about Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities and mi ...

''(Lampetra lanceolata)''

Ray-finned fishes

There are 592 species, ten subspecies, and three subpopulations of ray-finned fish assessed as endangered.

Salmoniformes

Species Subpopulations *

Sockeye salmon The sockeye salmon (''Oncorhynchus nerka''), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a P ...

''(Oncorhynchus nerka)'' (12 subpopulations)

Silversides

Toothcarps

There are 65 species and nine subspecies of toothcarp assessed as endangered.

Pupfish

Species Subspecies * Dead Sea toothcarp ''(Aphanius dispar richardsoni)''

Nothobranchiids

Species Subspecies

Poeciliids

Other toothcarp species

Cypriniformes

Cypriniformes includes carps, minnows, loaches and relatives. There are 245 species in the order Cypriniformes assessed as endangered.

Ellopostomatids

*'' Ellopostoma mystax''

Hillstream loaches

True loaches

Cyprinids

Psilorhynchids

*''

Psilorhynchus microphthalmus ''Psilorhynchus microphthalmus'' is a freshwater ray-finned fish, a torrent minnow. It is restricted to the Chapki Stream in the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India. It is found in flowing water with a rock substrate. This species is threatened fr ...

Suckers

Osmeriformes

Species Subspecies *'' Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis''

Catfishes

Perciformes

There are 133 species and one subpopulation in the order Perciformes assessed as endangered.

Cichlids

Percids

Epinephelids

Gobies

Other Perciformes

Species Subpopulations *

Swordfish Swordfish (''Xiphias gladius''), also known as broadbills in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category, though elusive. Swordfis ...

''(Xiphias gladius)'' (1 subpopulation)

Osteoglossiformes

Characiformes

Tetraodontiformes

Other ray-finned fishes

Species Subpopulations *

White sturgeon White sturgeon (''Acipenser transmontanus'') is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae of the order Acipenseriformes. They are an anadromous fish species ranging in the Eastern Pacific; from the Gulf of Alaska to Monterey, Californ ...

''(Acipenser transmontanus)'' (1 subpopulation)

Hagfishes

*'' Myxine paucidens'' *'' Paramyxine taiwanae''

References

01 *Fish

Endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and inva ...

Endangered fish As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 643 endangered fish species. 4.2% of all evaluated fish species are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists ten fish subspecies as endangered. Of the subp ...

Endangered fishes *Fish {{bots, deny=BG19bot,Yobot