''Norjerv'' was a
cargo ship
A cargo ship or freighter is a merchant ship that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year, handling the bulk of international trade. Cargo ships are usu ...
that was built in 1919 as ''West Islip'' by
Ames Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co,
Seattle, Washington
Seattle ( ) is a port, seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the county seat, seat of King County, Washington, King County, Washington (state), Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in bo ...
, United States for the
United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War ...
(USSB). In 1928, she was sold and renamed ''Golden Rod''. A further sale in 1935 saw her renamed ''Willhilo''. She was renamed ''Indianan'' after a sale in 1937. In 1940, she was transferred to the
Ministry of Supply
The Ministry of Supply (MoS) was a department of the UK government formed in 1939 to co-ordinate the supply of equipment to all three British armed forces, headed by the Minister of Supply. A separate ministry, however, was responsible for aircr ...
(MoS) and renamed ''Empire Eagle'', passing later that year to the
Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport ...
(MoWT). In 1942, she was transferred to the Norwegian Government and renamed ''Norjerv'', serving until June 1944 when she was transferred to the British Government. In July 1944, she was sunk as a
blockship
A blockship is a ship deliberately sunk to prevent a river, channel, or canal from being used. It may either be sunk by a navy defending the waterway to prevent the ingress of attacking enemy forces, as in the case of at Portland Harbour in 1914; ...
at
Juno Beach
Juno or Juno Beach was one of five beaches of the Allied invasion of German-occupied France in the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944 during the Second World War. The beach spanned from Courseulles, a village just east of the British beach Gold ...
,
Calvados
Calvados (, , ) is a brandy from Normandy in France, made from apples or pears, or from apples with pears.
History In France
Apple orchards and brewers are mentioned as far back as the 8th century by Charlemagne. The first known record of Norm ...
, France to reinforce
Gooseberry 4.
Description
The ship was built in 1919 by Ames Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co,
Seattle, Washington
Seattle ( ) is a port, seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the county seat, seat of King County, Washington, King County, Washington (state), Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in bo ...
.
She was yard number 17.
The ship was long, with a beam of . She had a depth of ,
[ and a draught of .] As built, she was assessed at , .
The ship was propelled by a 369 nhp
Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power, or the rate at which work is done, usually in reference to the output of engines or motors. There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions used today are the ...
triple expansion steam engine
A compound steam engine unit is a type of steam engine where steam is expanded in two or more stages.
A typical arrangement for a compound engine is that the steam is first expanded in a high-pressure ''(HP)'' cylinder, then having given up he ...
, which had cylinders of , and diameter by stroke. The engine was built by Ames.[ It drove a single screw propeller and could propel the ship at .]
History
Pre-war
''West Islip'' was built in 1919 for the United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War ...
.[ She was launched on 24 June,][ and the United States ]Official Number
Official numbers are ship identifier numbers assigned to merchant ships by their flag state, country of registration. Each country developed its own official numbering system, some on a national and some on a port-by-port basis, and the formats hav ...
218782 was allocated.[ She was in service by October, arriving at ]Shanghai
Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
, China on 20 October from Seattle. In 1928, she was sold to the Oceanic & Oriental Steam Navigation Co, San Francisco, California
San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...
and was renamed ''Golden Rod''.[ The ]Code Letters
Code letters or ship's call sign (or callsign) Mtide Taurus - IMO 7626853"> SHIPSPOTTING.COM >> Mtide Taurus - IMO 7626853/ref> were a method of identifying ships before the introduction of modern navigation aids and today also. Later, with the i ...
LSNC were allocated and her port of registry was San Francisco.[ On 6 February 1931, ''Golden Rod'' ran aground at the mouth of the ]Fraser River
The Fraser River is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for , into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of Vancouver. The river's annual d ...
, British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, ...
, Canada. She was refloated the next day and sailed to Seattle.
In 1935, ''Golden Rod'' was sold to the Williams Steamship Co Inc, New York
New York most commonly refers to:
* New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York
* New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States
New York may also refer to:
Film and television
* '' ...
and renamed ''Willhilo''. In 1937, ''Willhilo'' was sold to the American-Hawaiian Steamship Co and was renamed ''Indianan''.[ The Code Letters KIKX were allocated and her port of registry was New York.]
World War II
In 1940, ''Indianan'' was transferred to the MoS
MOS or Mos may refer to:
Technology
* MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS transistor
* Mathematical Optimization Society
* Model output statistics, a weather-forecasting technique
* MOS (filmm ...
.[ ''Indianan'' departed from ]Cristóbal
Cristóbal or Cristobal, the Spanish version of Christopher, is a masculine given name and a surname which may refer to:
Given name
*Cristóbal Balenciaga (1895–1972), Spanish fashion designer
*Cristóbal Cobo (born 1976), Chilean academic
*Cri ...
, Panama on 31 March 1940 for New York, arriving on 10 April. She departed three days later for Baltimore, Maryland
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
, where she arrived on 15 April. She departed five days later for Tampa, Florida
Tampa () is a city on the Gulf Coast of the United States, Gulf Coast of the U.S. state of Florida. The city's borders include the north shore of Tampa Bay and the east shore of Old Tampa Bay. Tampa is the largest city in the Tampa Bay area and ...
, arriving on 26 April and then sailing three days later for Bermuda
)
, anthem = "God Save the King"
, song_type = National song
, song = " Hail to Bermuda"
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, mapsize2 =
, map_caption2 =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name =
, e ...
, where she arrived on 5 May. ''Indianan'' was a member of Convoy BHX 41, which departed from Bermuda on 7 May 1940 and joined Convoy HX 41 at sea on 13 May. She was carrying a cargo of phosphate
In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid .
The phosphate or orthophosphate ion is derived from phospho ...
s. Convoy HX 41 had departed from Halifax, Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia ( ; ; ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Nova Scotia is Latin for "New Scotland".
Most of the population are native Eng ...
, Canada on 8 May and arrived at Liverpool
Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the 10th largest English district by population and its metropolitan area is the fifth largest in the United Kingdom, with a popul ...
, Lancashire
Lancashire ( , ; abbreviated Lancs) is the name of a historic county, ceremonial county, and non-metropolitan county in North West England. The boundaries of these three areas differ significantly.
The non-metropolitan county of Lancashi ...
, United Kingdom on 23 May. ''Indianan'' was bound for Garston, Liverpool.
''Indianan'' was renamed ''Empire Eagle''. The MoS became the MoWT later that year.[ The United Kingdom ]Official Number
Official numbers are ship identifier numbers assigned to merchant ships by their flag state, country of registration. Each country developed its own official numbering system, some on a national and some on a port-by-port basis, and the formats hav ...
167583 and Code Letters GLJC were allocated. She was placed under the management of Runciman (London) Ltd and her port of registry was changed to London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
. She was assessed as , .[ ''Empire Eagle'' was a member of Convoy OB 186, which departed from Liverpool on 20 July and dispersed at sea on 22 July.] Her destination was Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...
, where she arrived on 8 August. She departed a week later and sailed to Sydney
Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...
, Cape Breton
Cape Breton Island (french: link=no, île du Cap-Breton, formerly '; gd, Ceap Breatainn or '; mic, Unamaꞌki) is an island on the Atlantic coast of North America and part of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada.
The island accounts for 18. ...
, Nova Scotia, where she arrived on 20 August. ''Empire Eagle'' departed on 25 August as a member of Convoy SC 2
SC 2 was an Allied North Atlantic convoy of the SC series which ran during the Battle of the Atlantic in World War II. It was attacked by a wolfpack of German U-boats, losing five merchant ships.
Background
SC 2 was an east-bound convoy of 54 ...
, which arrived at Liverpool on 10 September. She was carrying a cargo of scrap iron and steel, bound for Barrow in Furness
Barrow-in-Furness is a port town in Cumbria, England. Historically in Lancashire, it was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1867 and merged with Dalton-in-Furness Urban District in 1974 to form the Borough of Barrow-in-Furness. In 2023 the ...
, Lancashire, which was reached by detaching from the convoy and sailing to the Clyde Clyde may refer to:
People
* Clyde (given name)
* Clyde (surname)
Places
For townships see also Clyde Township
Australia
* Clyde, New South Wales
* Clyde, Victoria
* Clyde River, New South Wales
Canada
* Clyde, Alberta
* Clyde, Ontario, a tow ...
, where she arrived on 10 September. She sailed for Barrow-in-Furness two days later, arriving on 15 September.[
''Empire Eagle'' departed from Barrow-in-Furness on 28 September and sailed to Liverpool.][ She then joined Convoy OB 221, which departed on 29 September and dispersed at on 3 October. ''Empire Eagle'' put back into Liverpool.] She then joined Convoy OB 226, which departed on 9 October and dispersed at sea on 12 October. ''Empire Eagle'' was in ballast and bound for Boca Grande, Florida
Boca Grande is a small residential community on Gasparilla Island in southwest Florida. Gasparilla Island is a part of both Charlotte and Lee counties, while the actual village of Boca Grande, which is home to many seasonal and some year-rou ...
, United States, where she arrived on 30 October. She sailed on 3 November for the Hampton Roads
Hampton Roads is the name of both a body of water in the United States that serves as a wide channel for the James River, James, Nansemond River, Nansemond and Elizabeth River (Virginia), Elizabeth rivers between Old Point Comfort and Sewell's ...
, Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
, arriving on 8 November and departing three days later for Halifax, where she arrived on 15 November.[ ''Empire Eagle'' was a member of Convoy HX 89, which departed on 17 November and arrived at Liverpool on 1 December. She was carrying a cargo of phosphates bound for ]London
London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary down to the North Sea, and has been a majo ...
. On 27 November, she straggled behind the convoy due to an engine breakdown. She detached from the convoy and arrived at Stornoway
Stornoway (; gd, Steòrnabhagh; sco, Stornowa) is the main town of the Western Isles and the capital of Lewis and Harris in Scotland.
The town's population is around 6,953, making it by far the largest town in the Outer Hebrides, as well a ...
, Outer Hebrides
The Outer Hebrides () or Western Isles ( gd, Na h-Eileanan Siar or or ("islands of the strangers"); sco, Waster Isles), sometimes known as the Long Isle/Long Island ( gd, An t-Eilean Fada, links=no), is an island chain off the west coast ...
on 1 December, departing the next day to join Convoy WN 47,[ which had departed from the Clyde on 30 November and arrived at ]Methil
Methil (Scottish Gaelic: Meadhchill) is an eastern coastal town in Scotland. It was first recorded as "Methkil" in 1207, and belonged to the Bishop of St Andrews. Two Bronze Age cemeteries have been discovered which date the settlement as ov ...
, Fife
Fife (, ; gd, Fìobha, ; sco, Fife) is a council area, historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area of Scotland. It is situated between the Firth of Tay and the Firth of Forth, with inland boundaries with Perth and Kinross (i ...
on 4 December. She departed two days later as a member of Convoy FS 354, which arrived at Southend
Southend-on-Sea (), commonly referred to as Southend (), is a coastal city and unitary authority area with borough status in southeastern Essex, England. It lies on the north side of the Thames Estuary, east of central London. It is bordered ...
, Essex
Essex () is a county in the East of England. One of the home counties, it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north, the North Sea to the east, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent across the estuary of the River Thames to the south, and G ...
on 8 December.[
''Empire Eagle'' departed from Southend on 16 January 1941 as a member of Convoy FN 385, which arrived at Methil on 18 January.][ She then joined Convoy EN 69/1, which departed on 9 February and arrived at ]Oban
Oban ( ; ' in Scottish Gaelic meaning ''The Little Bay'') is a resort town within the Argyll and Bute council area of Scotland. Despite its small size, it is the largest town between Helensburgh and Fort William. During the tourist season, th ...
, Argyllshire
Argyll (; archaically Argyle, in modern Gaelic, ), sometimes called Argyllshire, is a historic county and registration county of western Scotland.
Argyll is of ancient origin, and corresponds to most of the part of the ancient kingdom of ...
on 13 February. She detached from the convoy and sailed to Loch Ewe
Loch Ewe ( gd, Loch Iùbh) is a sea loch in the region of Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. The shores are inhabited by a traditionally Gàidhlig-speaking people living in or sustained by crofting villages, the most notab ...
, arriving on 13 February, then sailing to New York, where she arrived on 3 March. She departed on 21 March for Halifax, arriving on 24 March.[ She then joined Convoy HX 117, which departed on 27 March and arrived at Liverpool on 15 April. ''Empire Eagle'' was carrying general cargo and steel, bound for London. During the voyage, she made excessive smoke at times, the cause of which was stated to be the low quality of the ]coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Coal is formed when dea ...
she was burning. She arrived at Loch Ewe on 13 April and then joined Convoy WN 114,[ which had departed from the Clyde that day and arrived at Methil on 16 April.] She then joined Convoy FS 466, which departed on 17 April and arrived at Southend on 19 April.[
''Empire Eagle'' departed from Southend on 19 May as a member of Convoy EC 22, which arrived at the Clyde on 24 May.] She left the convoy at Methil on 21 May, sailing six days later to join Convoy EC 25,[ which had departed from Southend on 26 May and arrived at the Clyde on 31 May.] She left the convoy at Oban on 30 May, departing two days later to join Convoy OB 329,[ which had departed from Liverpool on 31 May and dispersed at on 5 June. She was bound for Phildadelphia,] where she arrived on 20 September.[ Having loaded a cargo of steel,][ ''Empire Eagle'' departed on 12 October for Halifax, arriving on 16 October.][ She was a member of Convoy HX 142, which departed from Halifax on 1 August and arrived at Liverpool on 18 August.] She arrived at the Clyde on 17 August.[
''Empire Eagle'' departed from the Clyde on 5 September to join Convoy ON 13,][ which had departed from Liverpool that day and dispersed at sea on 11 September, although she had straggled behind the convoy the previous day.] She arrived at Philadelphia on 20 September, departing on 12 October for Halifax, where she arrived on 16 October.[ ''Empire Eagle'' was a member of Convoy HX 162, which departed on 27 November and arrived at Liverpool on 11 December. She was carrying a cargo of steel and vehicles.] ''Empire Eagle'' returned to Halifax, arriving on 7 December.[
''Empire Eagle'' departed from Halifax on 12 March as a member of Convoy SC 74, which arrived at Liverpool on 28 March. She was bound for ]Hull
Hull may refer to:
Structures
* Chassis, of an armored fighting vehicle
* Fuselage, of an aircraft
* Hull (botany), the outer covering of seeds
* Hull (watercraft), the body or frame of a ship
* Submarine hull
Mathematics
* Affine hull, in affi ...
, Yorkshire
Yorkshire ( ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a Historic counties of England, historic county in northern England and by far the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its large area in comparison with other Eng ...
. which was reached by detaching from the convoy and sailing to Loch Ewe, arriving on 27 March and joining Convoy WN 263 to Methil, where she arrived on 29 March. She then joined Convoy FS 764,[ which departed on 30 March and arrived at Southend on 1 April.] She arrived at Hull on 31 March.[
On 14 April,][ ''Empire Eagle'' was transferred to the Norwegian Government and renamed ''Norjerv''.][ The Code Letters LNAJ were allocated and her port of registry was changed to ]Oslo
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of ...
. She was placed under the management of Nortraship
The Norwegian Shipping and Trade Mission (Nortraship) was established in London in April 1940 to administer the Norwegian merchant fleet outside German-controlled areas. Nortraship operated some 1,000 vessels and was the largest shipping company ...
. She had a crew of 37, of whom seven were British.[ On or about 23 April, she joined Convoy FN 688, which had departed from Southend on 22 April and arrived at Methil on 25 April.] She then joined Convoy EN 76, which departed that day and arrived at Oban on 27 April. She left the convoy at Loch Ewe that day and sailed to Liverpool, arriving on 28 April. ''Norjerv'' then joined Convoy ON 90, which departed that day and arrived at Halifax on 15 May. She departed that day with Convoy XB 20, which arrived at Boston, Massachusetts on 17 May. ''Norjerv'' left the convoy at the Cape Cod Canal
The Cape Cod Canal is an artificial waterway in the U.S. state of Massachusetts connecting Cape Cod Bay in the north to Buzzards Bay in the south, and is part of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. The approximately canal traverses the neck o ...
and sailed to New York, arriving on 18 May and departing two days later for Philadelphia, where she arrived on 21 May. She departed on 2 June for New York, arriving later that day and then sailing to the Cape Cod Canal,[ joining Convoy BX 23B, which departed from Boston on 8 June and arrived at Halifax on 10 June.] She then joined Convoy HS 13, which departed the next day and arrived at Sydney on 18 June. ''Norjerv'' was due to have joined Convoy SC 87, which departed from Sydney on 12 June and arrived at Liverpool on 27 June, but did not arrive at Sydney until after the convoy had sailed.[ She joined Convoy SC 88, which departed on 19 June and arrived at Liverpool on 4 July. She was carrying a cargo of cotton and steel.]
''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy ON 112, which departed from Liverpool on 13 July and arrived at Cape Cod
Cape Cod is a peninsula extending into the Atlantic Ocean from the southeastern corner of mainland Massachusetts, in the northeastern United States. Its historic, maritime character and ample beaches attract heavy tourism during the summer mont ...
on 30 July. Her destination was New York, where she arrived on 1 August, sailing later that day for Baltimore, arriving on 4 August. She departed on 20 August for New York, arriving on 26 August and sailing four days later for Cape Cod, from where she joined Convoy BX 36,[ which departed from Boston on 2 September and arrived at Halifax two days later.] ''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy SC 99, which departed on 5 September and arrived at Liverpool on 20 September. She was carrying a cargo of steel. She left the convoy at Loch Ewe on 20 September and joined Convoy WN 339,[ which sailed the next day and arrived at Methil on 23 September.] She then joined Convoy FS916, which departed on 24 September and arrived at Southend two days later. She left the convoy at Hull on 25 September.[
''Norjerv'' departed from Hull on 11 October to join Convoy FN 836,][ which had departed from Southend that day and arrived at Methil two days later.] She then joined Convoy EN 150, which departed on 14 October and arrived at Loch Ewe on 17 October. She sailed on to Oban, arriving on 18 October and departing that day to join Convoy ON 140,[ which departed from Liverpool on 17 October and arrived at New York on 7 November.] She departed the next day for Baltimore, where she arrived on 9 November. ''Norjerv'' departed on 17 November for Philadelphia, arriving that day and departing on 20 November for New York, where she arrived that day.[ Laden with general cargo, she then joined Convoy SC 111, which departed on 25 November and arrived at Liverpool on 17 December.] She left the convoy and put into Halifax, arriving on 30 November and departing on 6 December to join Convoy SC112,[ which had departed from New York on 4 December and arrived at Liverpool on 25 December.] She left the convoy at Loch Ewe and joined Convoy WN 376, which arrived at Methil on 27 December, sailing three days later with Convoy FS 1000, which arrived at Southend on 2 January 1943.[
Laden with a cargo of ]chalk
Chalk is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock. It is a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed deep under the sea by the compression of microscopic plankton that had settled to the sea floor. Chalk ...
,[ ''Norjerv'' departed from Southend on 25 January for Loch Ewe, which was reached via convoys FN 927 and EN 190, arriving on 31 January.][ She then joined Convoy ON 165, which departed from Liverpool on 2 February and arrived at New York on 1 March.] Her destination was Philadelphia, where she arrived that day. She departed on 22 March for New York, arriving the next day and departing on 25 February for Boston, arriving the next day. She then joined Convoy BX 39, which departed on 27 March and arrived at Halifax two days later.[ ''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy SC 125, which departed on 31 March and arrived at Liverpool on 16 April.] She left the convoy and put into St. John's Newfoundland
Newfoundland and Labrador (; french: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador; frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region ...
, arriving on 6 April. ''Norjerv'' departed on 19 April to join Convoy SC 127,[ which had departed from Halifax on 16 April and arrived at Liverpool on 3 May. She was carrying general cargo,] bound for the Clyde, where she arrived that day.[
''Norjerv'' departed on 17 May to join Convoy ONS 8,][ which had departed from Liverpool that day and arrived at Halifax on 1 June.] She then joined Convoy XB 56, which arrived at Boston on 3 June. She left the convoy at the Cape Cod Canal and sailed to New York, arriving on 4 June, departing the next day for the Hampton Roads, where she arrived on 7 June. ''Norjerv'' departed from the Hampton Roads on 20 June for New York, arriving the next day and departing the day after that for Boston, from where she departed on 30 June as a member of Convoy BX 60. She arrived at Halifax on 2 July.[ ''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy SC 136, which departed from Halifax on 8 July and arrived at Liverpool on 23 July. She was carrying a cargo of ammunition and steel.]
''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy OS 53 km, which departed from Liverpool on 8 August and separated at sea on 17 August to form convoys OS 53 and KMS 23. The latter convoy arrived at Gibraltar
)
, anthem = " God Save the King"
, song = " Gibraltar Anthem"
, image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg
, map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe
, map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green
, mapsize =
, image_map2 = Gib ...
on 18 August. ''Norjerv'' was in the part of the convoy that formed OS 53 and arrived at Freetown
Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone. It is a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean and is located in the Western Area of the country. Freetown is Sierra Leone's major urban, economic, financial, cultural, educational and p ...
, Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierra ...
on 27 August. She was carrying a cargo of chemicals bound for Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...
, Argentina. Her armament consisted of a 4-inch or 4.7-inch gun, a 12-pounder gun and four Oerlikon guns. She arrived at Buenos Aires on 12 September, sailing a week later for Montevideo
Montevideo () is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uruguay, largest city of Uruguay. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has a population of 1,319,108 (about one-third of the country's total population) in an area of . M ...
, Uruguay, where she arrived on 20 September. The next day, ''Norjerv'' departed for Freetown, arriving on 11 October.[ She departed on 13 October with Convoy SL 138, which rendezvoused with Convoy MKS 28 on 24 October.] That convoy had departed from Gibraltar on 23 October and the combined convoys arrived at Liverpool on 5 November. She was bound for Gibraltar,[ where she arrived on 25 October. ''Norjerv'' then joined Convoy KMS 30, which departed on 31 October and arrived at ]Port Said
Port Said ( ar, بورسعيد, Būrsaʿīd, ; grc, Πηλούσιον, Pēlousion) is a city that lies in northeast Egypt extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, north of the Suez Canal. With an approximate population of 6 ...
, Egypt on 11 November. She left the convoy at Alexandria
Alexandria ( or ; ar, ٱلْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةُ ; grc-gre, Αλεξάνδρεια, Alexándria) is the second largest city in Egypt, and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast. Founded in by Alexander the Great, Alexandria ...
, on 11 November. She departed on 20 November for Port Said, arriving the next day and then sailing to Suez
Suez ( ar, السويس '; ) is a seaport city (population of about 750,000 ) in north-eastern Egypt, located on the north coast of the Gulf of Suez (a branch of the Red Sea), near the southern terminus of the Suez Canal, having the same boun ...
, from where she departed on 24 November for Aden
Aden ( ar, عدن ' Yemeni: ) is a city, and since 2015, the temporary capital of Yemen, near the eastern approach to the Red Sea (the Gulf of Aden), some east of the strait Bab-el-Mandeb. Its population is approximately 800,000 people. ...
, arriving on 30 November.[ ''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy AKD 8, which departed on 3 December and arrived at ]Durban
Durban ( ) ( zu, eThekwini, from meaning 'the port' also called zu, eZibubulungwini for the mountain range that terminates in the area), nicknamed ''Durbs'',Ishani ChettyCity nicknames in SA and across the worldArticle on ''news24.com'' from ...
, South Africa on 19 December. She left the convoy at Lourenço Marques, Mozambique
Maputo (), formerly named Lourenço Marques until 1976, is the Capital city, capital, and largest city of Mozambique. Located near the southern end of the country, it is within of the borders with Eswatini and South Africa. The city has a popul ...
on 16 December.[
''Norjerv'' departed from Lourenço Marques on 1 January 1944 for ]East London
East or Orient is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth.
Etymology
As in other languages, the word is formed from the f ...
, South Africa, arriving three days later and sailing on 5 January for Buenos Aires, where she arrived on 27 January. She sailed on 18 February for Rosario
Rosario () is the largest city in the central provinces of Argentina, Argentine province of Santa Fe Province, Santa Fe. The city is located northwest of Buenos Aires, on the west bank of the Paraná River. Rosario is the third-most populous ci ...
, arriving the next day and departing on 27 February for Buenon Aires, where she arrived the next day. She departed on 4 March for Freetown, arriving on 24 March.[ ''Norjerv'' was a member of Convoy SL 154, which departed on 1 April 1944 and rendezvoused at sea with Convoy MKS 45 on 11 April. MKS 45 had departed from Gibraltar on 10 April. The combined convoys arrived at Liverpool on 23 April. Apart from general cargo, ''Norjerv'' was carrying ]corned beef
Corned beef, or salt beef in some of the Commonwealth of Nations, is Salt-cured meat, salt-cured brisket of beef. The term comes from the treatment of the meat with large-grained rock salt, also called "corns" of salt. Sometimes, sugar and sp ...
and wheat
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus ''Triticum'' ; the most widely grown is common wheat (''T. aestivum''). The archaeologi ...
.
''Norjerv'' departed from Liverpool on 13 June for Swansea
Swansea (; cy, Abertawe ) is a coastal city and the second-largest city of Wales. It forms a principal area, officially known as the City and County of Swansea ( cy, links=no, Dinas a Sir Abertawe).
The city is the twenty-fifth largest in ...
, Glamorgan
, HQ = Cardiff
, Government = Glamorgan County Council (1889–1974)
, Origin=
, Code = GLA
, CodeName = Chapman code
, Replace =
* West Glamorgan
* Mid Glamorgan
* South Glamorgan
, Motto ...
, arriving two days later. She sailed on 18 June for Barry Barry may refer to:
People and fictional characters
* Barry (name), including lists of people with the given name, nickname or surname, as well as fictional characters with the given name
* Dancing Barry, stage name of Barry Richards (born c. 19 ...
, arriving later that day.[ At midnight on 26 June, ownership of ''Norjerv'' was transferred to the British Government.] She departed on 7 July as a member of Convoy EBC 34,[ which arrived at the ]Seine Bay
The Baie de Seine (Bay of the Seine River) is a bay in northern France.
Geography
It is a wide, rectangular inlet of the English Channel, approximately 100 kilometres (east-west) by 45 kilometres, bounded in the west by the Cotentin Peninsula, in ...
, France on 9 July. On 16 July, ''Norjerv'' was sunk to reinforce Gooseberry 4 at Juno Beach
Juno or Juno Beach was one of five beaches of the Allied invasion of German-occupied France in the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944 during the Second World War. The beach spanned from Courseulles, a village just east of the British beach Gold ...
, Calvados
Calvados (, , ) is a brandy from Normandy in France, made from apples or pears, or from apples with pears.
History In France
Apple orchards and brewers are mentioned as far back as the 8th century by Charlemagne. The first known record of Norm ...
, France.
Post-war
''Norjerv'' was raised in 1949 and sold for scrap. On 3 June 1949, she broke in two whilst being towed by the tugs
A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, suc ...
and to Strangford Lough
Strangford Lough (from Old Norse ''Strangr Fjörðr'', meaning "strong sea-inlet"[PlaceNames N ...](_blank)
, County Down
County Down () is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland. It covers an area of and has a population of 531,665. It borders County Antrim to the ...
, Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
for scrapping. Both halves of the ship sank.[
]
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Norjerv
1919 ships
Ships built in Seattle
Cargo ships of the United States
Steamships of the United States
Merchant ships of the United States
Maritime incidents in 1931
Empire ships
Ministry of War Transport ships
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Steamships of Norway
Ships of Nortraship
World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel
Operation Overlord
Maritime incidents in July 1944
Maritime incidents in 1949