(March 17, 1231 – February 10, 1242) was the 87th

emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial House of Japan, Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his positio ...

, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years 1232 through 1242.

Genealogy

Before his ascension to the

Chrysanthemum Throne The is the throne of the Emperor of Japan. The term also can refer to very specific seating, such as the throne in the Shishin-den at Kyoto Imperial Palace. Various other thrones or seats that are used by the Emperor during official functions, ...

, his personal name (his ''imina'') was , also known as Tosihito''-shinnō''. He was the first son of

Emperor Go-Horikawa (March 22, 1212 – August 31, 1234) was the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1221 CE through 1232 CE. This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor ...

. Consort: Kujō Genshi (九条彦子; 1227–1262) later Nishinomon’in (宣仁門院),

Kujō Norizane , son of regent Michiie, was a '' kugyō'' or Japanese court noble of the Kamakura period. He held regent positions kampaku from 1231 to 1232 and sessho from 1232 to 1235. Tadaie was his son. Family * Father: Kujō Michiie * Mother: Sainonji ...

’s daughter He had no children, due to his youth at the time of his death.

Events of Shijō's life

He reigned from October 26, 1232 to February 10, 1242. * 1232 (''

Jōei was a after ''Kangi'' and before ''Tenpuku.'' This period spanned the years from April 1232 to April 1233. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1232 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number of events. The previous ...

1, 11th month''): In the 11th year of Emperor Go-Horikawa's reign (後堀河天皇十一年), he abdicated; and the succession (''senso'') was received by his oldest son. Shortly thereafter, Emperor Shijō is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui''). Emperor Shijō died from an accident in 1242. His Imperial tomb (''misasagi'') is at

Sennyū-ji , formerly written as , is a Buddhist temple in Higashiyama-ku in Kyoto, Japan. For centuries, Sennyū-ji has been a mausoleum for noble families and members of the Imperial House of Japan. Located within the temple grounds are the official tom ...

in the . As the Emperor was very young, and the Retired Emperor Go-Horikawa died just two years later, most of the actual leadership was held by his maternal relatives

Kujō Michiie Kujō Michiie (九条道家) (July 28, 1193 — April 1, 1252) was a Sessho and Kampaku, Japanese regent in the 13th century. He was the father of Kujō Yoritsune and grandson of Kujō Kanezane (also known as Fujiwara no Kanezane). He was the fa ...

and Saionji Kintsune.

Kugyō

is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the

Emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial House of Japan, Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his positio ...

in pre- Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted. In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Shijō's reign, this apex of the ''

Daijō-kan The , also known as the Great Council of State, was (i) (''Daijō-kan'') the highest organ of Japan's premodern Imperial government under the Ritsuryō legal system during and after the Nara period or (ii) (''Dajō-kan'') the highest organ of Jap ...

included: * '' Sesshō'',

, 1231–1232 * ''Sesshō'', Kujō Norizane, 1232–1235 * ''Sesshō'',

, 1235–1237 * ''Sesshō'',

Konoe Kanetsune , son of Konoe Iezane, Iezane, was a ''Kugyō'' or Japanese court noble of the early Kamakura period. He held regent positions as follows: * Sesshō and Kampaku, sesshō (1237–1242) * Sesshō and Kampaku, kampaku (1242) * Sesshō and Kampaku, se ...

, 1237–1242 * ''

Sadaijin The ''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', Kenkyusha Limited, was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the ini ...

'' * ''

Udaijin was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''udaijin'' in the context of a central administr ...

'' * ''

Nadaijin The , literally meaning "Inner Minister", was an ancient office in the Japanese Imperial Court. Its role, rank and authority varied throughout the pre- Meiji period of Japanese history, but in general remained as a significant post under the Tai ...

'' * ''

Dainagon was a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century. This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.Nussbaum, "Dainag ...

Eras of Shijō's reign

The years of Shijō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one

era name A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin ''regnum'' meaning kingdom, rule. Regnal years considered the date as an ordinal, not a cardinal number. For example, a monarch could have a first year of rule, a second year o ...

or ''

nengō The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal ...

''.Titsingh, p. 242. * ''

'' (1232–1234) * ''

Tenpuku , also romanized as Tempuku, was a after '' Jōei'' and before '' Bunryaku.'' This period spanned the years from April 1233 to November 1234. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1233 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a numb ...

'' (1233–1234) * ''

Bunryaku , also romanized as Bunreki, was a after '' Tenpuku'' and before '' Katei.'' This period spanned the years from November 1234 to September 1235. The reigning emperor was . Change of era * 1234 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a ...

'' (1234–1235) * ''

Katei was a after '' Bunryaku'' and before ''Ryakunin.'' This period spanned the years from September 1235 to November 1238. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 242-243 Varley, H. Paul. (1980). '' ...

'' (1235–1238) * ''

Ryakunin was a after '' Katei'' and before '' En'ō.'' This period spanned the years from November 1238 to April 1239. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 242-244 Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Sh ...

'' (1238–1239) * ''

En'ō was a after ''Ryakunin'' and before ''Ninji.'' This period spanned the years from February 1239 to July 1240. The reigning emperor was .Titsingh, Isaac. (1834) ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 242-244 Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Sh ...

'' (1239–1240) * ''

Ninji , also called Jinji, was a after ''En'ō'' and before ''Kangen.'' This period spanned the years from August 1240 to January 1243. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * 1240 : The era name was changed to mark an event or a number o ...

'' (1240–1243)

Notes

References

* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959)
''The Imperial House of Japan.''
Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society
OCLC 194887
* Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834). iyun-sai_Rin-siyo/Hayashi_Gahō,_1652.html" ;"title="Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652">Hayashi_Gahō.html" ;"title="iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō">iyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652 ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou
Annales des empereurs du Japon.
' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. * Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). Kitabatake_Chikafusa,_1359.html" ;"title="Kitabatake_Chikafusa.html" ;"title="Kitabatake Chikafusa">Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359">Kitabatake_Chikafusa.html" ;"title="Kitabatake Chikafusa">Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359 ''Jinnō Shōtōki'' (
A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki
'' New York:

Columbia University Press Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University. It is currently directed by Jennifer Crewe (2014–present) and publishes titles in the humanities and sciences, including the fiel ...

. {{DEFAULTSORT:Shijo, Emperor Japanese emperors 1231 births 1242 deaths Emperor Shijo Emperor Shijo Emperor Shijo 13th-century Japanese monarchs Rulers who died as children

Genealogy

Events of Shijō's life

Kugyō

Eras of Shijō's reign

See also

Notes

References