Emma Belle Gibson Sykes (October 8, 1885 – December 31, 1970) was a
suffragist and civil rights activist.
Biography
Sykes née Gibson was born on October 8, 1885, in
Christiana, Delaware. She attended the segregated
Howard High School in Wilmington. After her graduation in 1903 she began her teaching career. In 1911 she married George J. Sykes, a dentist. The couple settled in at 208 East 10th in Wilmington.
Around 1914 Sykes was involved with the formation of the
Equal Suffrage Study Club in Wilmington along with other Howard High School teachers
Alice Gertrude Baldwin,
Alice Ruth Moore Dunbar,
Nellie B. Nicholson,
Susie Estella Palmer Hamilton, Caroline B. Williams, and
Blanche Williams Stubbs .
At the same time, she was involved in the formation of the Wilmington branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (
NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E.&nb ...
).
In 1920 the Delaware state legislature was considering ratification the
Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Several representatives argued that the amendment should not be ratified because it would enfranchise all women, not just white women. Sykes wrote a letter to the editor of the Wilmington ''Sunday Morning Star'' condemning the argument and emphasizing that the vote belonged to all women. The letter was published on April 4, 1920.
The amendment was not ratified by the Delaware legislation.
Once the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment prevailed nationally, Sykes turned her attention to registering African-American women and encouraging voting. She remained politically active on the state and local level and continued her involvement with the NAACP as well as the Delaware Federation of Colored Women's Clubs and the Howard High School Alumni Association.
In 1963 Sykes was honored by Howard High School Alumni Association for several "firsts":
*"First Negro woman to hold public office in Delaware" (appointed New Castle County Register of Wills
)
*"First woman elected to the vestry of the
Episcopal Diocese of Delaware"
*"Developer and first teacher of business education at Howard High School"
*"Only Negro woman living who worked successfully for women's suffrage and marched up Market Street in a victory parade"
Sykes died on December 31, 1970, in Wilmington.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sykes, Emma Belle Gibson
1885 births
1970 deaths
Activists from Delaware
African-American suffragists
American suffragists
20th-century African-American women
20th-century African-American educators
People from New Castle County, Delaware
American women educators
Educators from Delaware