Emil Zuckerkandl (1 September 1849 in

Győr Győr ( , ; german: Raab, links=no; names in other languages) is the main city of northwest Hungary, the capital of Győr-Moson-Sopron County and Western Transdanubia region, and – halfway between Budapest and Vienna – situated on one of ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

– 28 May 1910 in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

) was a Hungarian

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

Biography

Zuckerkandl was born in

on 1 September 1849, to a Jewish family. He had two brothers: the industrialist Victor Zuckerkandl, and the urologist Otto Zuckerkandl (1861–1921). He was educated at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich hist ...

( MD, 1874) and was an admiring student of

Josef Hyrtl Josef Hyrtl (7 December 1810 – 17 July 1894) was an Austrian anatomist. Biography Hyrtl was born at Kismarton, Hungary (now Eisenstadt, Austria). He began his medical studies in Vienna in 1831, having received his preliminary education in ...

, and an anatomical assistant to Karl von Rokitansky (1804–1878) and Karl Langer (1819–1887). In 1875, he became privatdozent of anatomy at the

University of Utrecht Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...

, and he was appointed

assistant professor Assistant Professor is an academic rank just below the rank of an associate professor used in universities or colleges, mainly in the United States and Canada. Overview This position is generally taken after earning a doctoral degree A docto ...

at the University of Vienna in 1879, being made

professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professors ...

at Graz in 1882. Beginning in 1888, he was a professor of descriptive and topographical anatomy at the University of Vienna. He conducted research in almost all fields of

morphology Morphology, from the Greek and meaning "study of shape", may refer to: Disciplines * Morphology (archaeology), study of the shapes or forms of artifacts * Morphology (astronomy), study of the shape of astronomical objects such as nebulae, galaxies ...

, making contributions to the normal and

pathological anatomy Anatomical pathology (''Commonwealth'') or Anatomic pathology (''U.S.'') is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical, immunologic and molecular examination o ...

of the

nasal cavity The nasal cavity is a large, air-filled space above and behind the human nose, nose in the middle of the face. The nasal septum divides the cavity into two cavities, also known as fossae. Each cavity is the continuation of one of the two nostrils. ...

, the anatomy of the facial skeleton, blood vessels, the

brain A brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. It is located in the head, usually close to the sensory organs for senses such as vision. It is the most complex organ in a ve ...

, chromaffin system, et al. He was married to the Galician-Austrian writer, journalist and critic Berta Szeps. The couple's house was a popular meeting place for the avant-garde in arts and science; their guests including sculptor Auguste Rodin (1840–1917), painter Gustav Klimt (1862–1918), architect

Otto Wagner Otto Koloman Wagner (; 13 July 1841 – 11 April 1918) was an Austrian architect, furniture designer and urban planner. He was a leading member of the Vienna Secession movement of architecture, founded in 1897, and the broader Art Nouveau move ...

(1841–1918), writer

Hermann Bahr Hermann Anastas Bahr (; 19 July 1863 – 15 January 1934) was an Austrian writer, playwright, director, and critic. Biography Born and raised in Linz, Bahr studied in Vienna, Graz, Czernowitz and Berlin, devoting special attention to philosophy, ...

(1863–1934), playwright

Arthur Schnitzler Arthur Schnitzler (15 May 1862 – 21 October 1931) was an Austrian author and dramatist. Biography Arthur Schnitzler was born at Praterstrasse 16, Leopoldstadt, Vienna, capital of the Austrian Empire (as of 1867, part of the dual monarchy ...

(1862–1931), and composer Gustav Mahler (1860–1911).

Writings

Zuckerkandl contributed many monographs to medical journals, among them: * "''Zur Morphologie des Gesichtschädels''" ( Stuttgart, 1877) * "''Über eine Bisher noch Nicht Beschriebene Drüse der Regio Suprahyoidea''" (Stuttgart, 1879) * "''Über das Riechcentrum''" (Stuttgart, 1887) * "''Normale und Pathologische Anatomie der Nasenhöhle und Ihrer Pneumatischen Anhänge''" (

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

, 1892). * "''Atlas der topographischen Anatomie''", five volumes. Vienna and

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...

, 1900–1904. * "''Atlas der descriptiven anatomie des Menschen''", Vienna, Leipzig, W. Braumüller, 1902. Initially published by Carl Heitzmann (1836–1896) in 1870 as ''Die descriptive und topographische Anatomie des Menschen''. * "''Atlas und Grundriss der chirurgischen Operationslehre''" fifth edition,

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...

, 1915. xix + 556 pages.

Eponyms

* Zuckerkandl's bodies (1901) * Zuckerkandl's convolution * Zuckerkandl's dehiscence *

Zuckerkandl's fascia The renal fascia is a layer of connective tissue encapsulating the kidneys and the adrenal glands. It can be divided into: *The anterior renal fascia, also called Gerota's fascia (after Dimitrie Gerota) *The posterior renal fascia, also called Zuc ...

(1883) * Zuckerkandl's tubercle (1902) * Suprapleural membrane of Zuckerkandl and Sebileau

Awards

* 1898: Appointment as full member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences * 1914: Unveiling of a monument at the Anatomical Institute (28 May) * 1924: Unveiling of a statue by Anton Hanak in the arcaded courtyard of the University of Vienna * 1925: Designation of ''Zuckerkandlgasse'' in Vienna-Pötzleinsdorf (1925–1938 and from 1947 onward)List of awards based on a translation of an equivalent article at the German Wikipedia.

References

Bibliography

Jewish Encyclopedia Bibliography : Pagel, J. L., ''Biog. Lex.'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Zuckerkandl, Emil 1849 births 1910 deaths Burials at Döbling Cemetery People from Győr Hungarian Jews Jewish physicians Hungarian anatomists Jewish Hungarian scientists Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences