''Elymnias esaca'' is a
butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...
in the family
Nymphalidae
The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a red ...
. It was described by
John Obadiah Westwood
John Obadiah Westwood (22 December 1805 – 2 January 1893) was an English entomologist and archaeologist also noted for his artistic talents. He published several illustrated works on insects and antiquities. He was among the first entomologist ...
in 1851. It is found in the
Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.
Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indi ...
.
[ Seitz, A., 1912-1927. ''Die Indo-Australien Tagfalter Grossschmetterlinge Erde'' 9]
Subspecies
*''E. e. esaca'' (Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore)
*''E. e. egialina''
(C. & R. Felder, 1863) (Philippines: Luzon, Mindoro)
*''E. e. borneensis''
Wallace, 1869 (North Borneo)
*''E. e. andersonii''
(Moore, 1886) (South Burma: Mergui)
*''E. e. maheswara''
Fruhstorfer, 1895 (Java, Bali)
*''E. e. leontina''
Fruhstorfer, 1898 (Nias)
*''E. e. pseudodelias''
Fruhstorfer, 1907 (Sumatra)
*''E. e. taeniola''
Fruhstorfer, 1907 (Southeast Borneo)
*''E. e. georgi''
Fruhstorfer, 1907 (Philippines: Mindanao)
*''E. e. saifuli''
Hanafusa, 1994 (Siberut)
*''E. e. popularis''
Hanafusa, 1994 (Tanahmasa)
*''E. e. lautensis''
Tateishi, 2001 (Laut Island)
*''E. e. splendida''
Tateishi, 2001 (Singkep Island)
*''E. e. lingga''
Tateishi, 2001 (Lingga Island)
*''E. e. nigricans''
Tateishi, 2001 (Enggano Island)
References
External links
"''Elymnias'' Hübner, 1818"at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''
Elymnias
Butterflies described in 1851
{{Nymphalidae-stub