Elwood Francis

ZZ Top is an American rock band formed in 1969 in Houston, Texas. For 51 years, they comprised vocalist-guitarist Billy Gibbons, drummer Frank Beard and vocalist-bassist Dusty Hill, until Hill's death in 2021. ZZ Top developed a signature sound based on Gibbons' blues guitar style and Hill and Beard's rhythm section. They are popular for their live performances, sly and humorous lyrics, and the matching appearances of Gibbons and Hill, who wore sunglasses, hats and long beards.

ZZ Top formed after the demise of Moving Sidewalks, Gibbons' previous band, in 1969. Within a year, they signed with London Records and released ''ZZ Top's First Album'' (1971). Subsequent releases, such as ''Tres Hombres'' (1973) and '' Fandango!'' (1975), and the singles " La Grange" and " Tush", gained extensive radio airplay. By the mid-1970s, ZZ Top had become renowned in North America for its live act, including the Worldwide Texas Tour (1976— 1977), which was a critical and commercial success.

After a hiatus, ZZ Top returned in 1979 with a new musical direction and image, with Gibbons and Hill wearing sunglasses and matching chest-length beards. With the album '' El Loco'' (1981), they began to experiment with synthesizers and drum machines. They established a more mainstream sound and gained international success with '' Eliminator'' (1983) and '' Afterburner'' (1985), which integrated influences from new wave, punk, and dance-rock. The popularity of these albums' music videos, including those for " Gimme All Your Lovin'", " Sharp Dressed Man", and "Legs", gave them mass exposure on television channel MTV and made them prominent artists in 1980s pop culture. The ''Afterburner'' tour set records for the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour of 1986.

After gaining additional acclaim with the release of their tenth album '' Recycler'' (1990), and its accompanying tour, the group's experimentation continued with mixed success on the albums ''Antenna'' (1994), ''Rhythmeen'' (1996), ''XXX'' (1999), and '' Mescalero'' (2003). They most recently released '' La Futura'' (2012) and ''Goin' 50'' (2019), a compilation album commemorating the band's 50th anniversary. By the time of Hill's death in 2021, ZZ Top had become the longest-running band with an unchanged lineup in the history of popular music. Per Hill's wishes, he was replaced by their longtime guitar tech Elwood Francis on bass.

ZZ Top has released 15 studio albums and sold an estimated 50 million albums worldwide. They have won three MTV Video Music Awards, and in 2004, the members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In 2015, '' Rolling Stone'' ranked Gibbons the 32nd greatest guitarist of all time. The band members have supported campaigns and charities including Childline, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, and a fundraiser for the Delta Blues Museum.

History

Early years (1969–1972)

The original line-up was formed in Houston and consisted of Gibbons, bassist/organist Lanier Greig, and drummer Dan Mitchell. The name of the band was Gibbons' idea. The band had a small apartment covered with concert posters and he noticed that many performers' names used initials. Gibbons particularly noticed B.B. King and Z. Z. Hill and thought of combining the two into "ZZ King", but considered it too similar to the original name. He then figured that "king is at the top" which gave him the idea of naming the band "ZZ Top".

ZZ Top was managed by Bill Ham, a Waxahachie, Texas, native who had befriended Gibbons a year earlier. They released their first single, "Salt Lick", in 1969, and the B-side contained the song "Miller's Farm". Both songs credited Gibbons as the composer. Immediately after the recording of "Salt Lick", Greig was replaced by bassist Billy Ethridge, a bandmate of Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Mitchell was replaced by Frank Beard of American Blues. Due to lack of interest from the major American record companies, ZZ Top accepted a record deal from London Records, the American affiliate of the British Decca Records label. Unwilling to sign a recording contract, Ethridge quit the band and Dusty Hill, Frank Beard's American Blues bandmate, became his replacement in late 1969. At this moment, all three members of the band were 20 years old. After Hill moved from Dallas to Houston, ZZ Top signed with London in 1970. They performed their first concert together at a Knights of Columbus Hall in Beaumont, Texas, on February 10, 1970. The show was booked by KLVI radio personality Al Caldwell, who was also instrumental in broadcasting the band's first recordings.

In addition to assuming the role as the band's leader, Gibbons became the main lyricist and musical arranger. With the assistance of Ham and engineer Robin Hood Brians, ''ZZ Top's First Album'' (1971) was released and exhibited the band's humor, with "barrelhouse" rhythms, distorted guitars, double entendres, and innuendo. The music and songs reflected ZZ Top's blues influences. Following their debut album, the band released ''Rio Grande Mud'' (1972), which produced their first charting single, "Francine".

First decade and signature sound (1973–1982)

ZZ Top released ''Tres Hombres'' in 1973, which reached the No. 8 position on the '' Billboard 200'' albums chart by early 1974. The album's sound was the result of the propulsive support provided by Hill and Beard, and Gibbons' "growling" guitar tone. Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote that the album "brought ZZ Top their first Top Ten record, making them stars in the process". The album included the boogie-driven " La Grange" (written about the Chicken Ranch, a notorious brothel in La Grange, Texas, that also inspired the musical '' The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas''). On the subsequent tour, the band performed sold-out concerts in the US. During this tour, ZZ Top recorded the live tracks that would fill one side of their 1975 album, '' Fandango!''. ''Fandango!'', which also contained one side of new studio songs, was a top-ten album; its single " Tush" peaked at number 20 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.

ZZ Top began the Worldwide Texas Tour in May 1976 to support ''Fandango!'', and the tour continued through 1977 with 98 shows over 18 months. '' Tejas'', recorded during a break in the tour and released in November 1976, was the final ZZ Top album under their contract with London Records. It was not as successful or as positively received as their previous two efforts, but reached number 17 on the ''Billboard'' 200. The singles from ''Tejas'', "It's Only Love" and "Arrested for Driving While Blind", both failed to crack the Top 40 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.

Exhausted following the Worldwide Texas Tour, the band needed a break. Frank Beard started by completing a 30 day detox program to kick his drug addiction, which had included a growing heroin problem. "Somewhere during that time I got a check for $72,000, my first big money, and I probably spent it all on drugs." Gibbons traveled to Europe, Beard went to Jamaica, and Hill went to Mexico. Hill also spent 3 months working at DFW Airport, saying he wanted to "feel normal" and "ground himself" after years spent performing. In order to help him blend in, he wore a nametag that just said "Joe". The band's break would eventually last almost 2 years. In 1979, when the group returned to record a new album, Gibbons and Hill were now sporting chest-length beards. ZZ Top signed with Warner Bros. Records and released the album ''Degüello'' in late 1979. Their hit singles from this period, " Cheap Sunglasses" and " Pearl Necklace", showed a more modern sound.

While the ''Degüello'' album went platinum, it only reached number 24 on the ''Billboard'' chart. The album produced two popular singles: " I Thank You", a cover of the David Porter/Isaac Hayes composition originally recorded by Sam & Dave, and the band original " Cheap Sunglasses". The band remained a popular concert attraction and toured in support of ''Degüello''. In April 1980, ZZ Top made their first appearances in Europe, performing for the German music television show '' Rockpalast'' (later included on the 2009 DVD '' Double Down Live: 1980 & 2008'') and the BBC show '' The Old Grey Whistle Test''. The band shared the BBC's studio with English electronic group Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD), whom Gibbons felt "were great". Inspired by OMD, ZZ Top introduced a jerky dancing style to their live show and began to experiment with synthesizers, which featured prominently on the October 1981 album '' El Loco''. The album peaked at number 17 on the ''Billboard'' chart, and featured the singles "Tube Snake Boogie", " Pearl Necklace", and "Leila".

''Eliminator'', ''Afterburner'', and ''Recycler'' (1983–1991)

Gibbons pushed the band into a more modern direction for '' Eliminator'', released in March 1983. The album featured two Top-40 singles (" Gimme All Your Lovin'" and "Legs"), and two additional Top Rock hits ("Got Me Under Pressure" and " Sharp Dressed Man"), with the extended dance mix of "Legs" peaking at number 13 on the Club Play Singles chart. The album became a critical and commercial success, selling more than 10 million copies while peaking at No. 9 in the U.S. ''Billboard'' pop charts. It is the only ZZ Top album to reach Diamond status in the US.

Several music videos from the album were in regular rotation on MTV, attracting many new fans. The band won their first MTV Video Music Awards in the categories of Best Group Video for "Legs", and Best Direction for "Sharp Dressed Man". The music videos were included in their '' Greatest Hits'' video, which was later released on DVD and quickly went multi-platinum.

''Eliminator'' retained Gibbons's signature guitar style while adding elements of new wave music; electronic band Depeche Mode have been cited as an influence on the album. To compose the songs, Gibbons worked closely with live-in engineer Linden Hudson at the band's rehearsal studio in Texas, setting a faster tempo with drum machines and synthesizers. The main recording sessions were once again supervised in Memphis by Terry Manning who collaborated with Gibbons to replace much of the contributions from Hill and Beard. Singer Jimi Jamison joined Manning to provide backing vocals for the album.

Stage manager David Blayney described how Hudson co-wrote much of the material on the album without receiving credit. The band recorded Hudson's song "Thug" without permission, finally paying him $600,000 in 1986 after he proved in court he held the copyright.

Despite selling fewer copies than ''Eliminator'', '' Afterburner'' (1985) became ZZ Top's highest-charting album (No. 4 on the U.S. ''Billboard'' chart), with sales of five million copies. All of the singles from ''Afterburner'' were Top-40 hits, with "Sleeping Bag" and "Stages" reaching number one on the Mainstream Rock chart. The music video for "Velcro Fly" was choreographed by pop singer Paula Abdul. In 1987, ZZ Top released ''The Six Pack'', a collection of their first five albums plus ''El Loco''. The albums were remixed with new drum and guitar effects for a more "contemporary" sound similar to ''Eliminator''.

'' Recycler'', released in 1990, was ZZ Top's final studio album under contract with Warner Records. ''Recycler'' was also the last of a distinct sonic trilogy in the ZZ Top catalogue, marking a return towards a simpler guitar-driven blues sound with less synthesizer and pop bounce than the previous two albums. This move did not entirely suit the fan base that ''Eliminator'' and ''Afterburner'' had built up, and while ''Recycler'' did achieve platinum status, it never matched the sales of those albums. However, the single "My Head's in Mississippi" did reach No. 1 on the ''Billboard'' Album Rock Tracks chart that year.

Return to guitar-driven sound (1992–2003)

In 1992, Warner released ''ZZ Top's Greatest Hits'', along with a new Rolling Stones-style cut, "Gun Love", and an Elvis-inflected video, " Viva Las Vegas". In 1993, ZZ Top inducted a major influence, Cream, into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

In 1994, the band signed a $35 million deal with RCA Records, releasing the million-selling ''Antenna''. Subsequent RCA albums, ''Rhythmeen'' (1996) and 1999's ''XXX'' (the second album to feature live tracks) sold well, but did not reach the levels enjoyed previously. In 2003, ZZ Top released a final RCA album, '' Mescalero'', an album thick with harsh Gibbons guitar and featuring a hidden track—a cover version of " As Time Goes By." RCA impresario Clive Davis wanted to do a collaboration record (in the mode of Carlos Santana's successful ''Supernatural'') for this album. In an interview in '' Goldmine'' magazine, Davis stated that artists Pink, Dave Matthews, and Wilco were among the artists slated for the project. ZZ Top performed "Tush" and "Legs" as part of the Super Bowl XXXI halftime show in 1997.

A comprehensive four-CD collection of recordings from the London and Warner Bros. years, ''Chrome, Smoke & BBQ'', was released in 2003. It featured the band's first single (A- and B-side) and several rare B-side tracks, as well as a radio promotion from 1979, a live track, and several extended dance-mix versions of their biggest MTV hits. Three tracks from Billy Gibbons' pre-ZZ band, the Moving Sidewalks, were also included.

Critical acclaim and retrospective releases (2004–2011)

In 2004, ZZ Top was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones gave the induction speech. ZZ Top gave a brief performance, playing "La Grange" and "Tush".

In 2006 ''Tres Hombres'' and ''Fandango!'' received releases of expanded and remastered versions, which used the original mixes free from echo and drum machines and included additional bonus live tracks.

The ''Eliminator Collector's Edition'' CD/DVD, celebrating the 25th anniversary of the band's iconic RIAA Diamond Certified album, was released September 10, 2008. The release includes seven bonus tracks and a bonus DVD, including four television performances from '' The Tube'' in November 1983.

The band performed at the 2009 Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo on the final night on March 22, 2009. In July, the band appeared on VH1's '' Storytellers'', in celebration of their four decades as recording artists.

''La Futura'' (2012–2020)

Billy Gibbons stated in an interview in August 2011 that a new album had been recorded, with initial recording taking place in Malibu, California, before moving to Houston, but was still unnamed and had yet to be mixed and mastered. Gibbons said that the expected release date was sometime in March or April 2012 but, later, a late summer or early fall release date was announced. The album was subsequently released on September 11, 2012.

Entitled '' La Futura'', the album was produced by Rick Rubin. The first single from the album, "I Gotsta Get Paid", debuted in an advertising campaign for Jeremiah Weed Whiskey and appears on the soundtrack of the film ''Battleship''. The song itself is an interpretation of "25 Lighters" by Texan hip hop DJ DMD and rappers Lil' Keke and Fat Pat. The first four songs from ''La Futura'' debuted on June 5, 2012, on an EP called ''Texicali''. DJ Screw was a major influence on the album as well, particularly because Gibbons and Screw both worked with engineer G. L. Moon during the late 1990s.

On March 3, 2015, ZZ Top began a North American tour in Red Bank, New Jersey, at the Count Basie Theatre. After rescheduled dates and additions, the tour ended in Highland Park, Illinois, at the Ravinia Pavilion on August 27, with the opening act Blackberry Smoke. Jeff Beck joined ZZ Top for seven concerts.

On September 9, 2016, ZZ Top released ''Tonite at Midnight: Live Greatest Hits from Around the World''. In 2017, they began the Tonnage Tour, 2017 Tonnage Tour, but canceled the last few dates due to Hill's declining health. In 2018, the band announced their six-day Las Vegas run of shows to be held at The Venetian Las Vegas, the Venetian, starting from April 20, 2019. Gibbons told ''Las Vegas Review-Journal'' in April 2020 that ZZ Top had been preparing another album. On June 21, 2020, Gibbons stated interest in having Beck appear.

Upcoming sixteenth studio album and death of Hill (2021–present)

In July 2021, Hill was forced to leave a tour after a hip injury. ZZ Top performed without him at the Village Commons in New Lenox, Illinois, with Hill's guitar tech Elwood Francis on bass. Five days later, on July 28, ZZ Top announced that Hill had died at his home in Houston at the age of 72. His wife later reported that he had suffered from chronic bursitis. Per Hill's wishes, ZZ Top continued with Francis on bass. Hill had already recorded bass and vocals for ZZ Top's upcoming album.

On July 22, 2022, ZZ Top released ''Raw'', the soundtrack for the band's 2019 documentary ''That Little Ol' Band From Texas'', via Shelter Records/BMG Rights Management, BMG. It was one of their final live albums with Hill.

On December 12, ZZ Top announced a co-headlining tour with Lynyrd Skynyrd for summer 2023, titled The Sharp Dressed Simple Man Tour. The tour is scheduled to commence July 21, 2023 in West Palm Beach and conclude September 17, 2023 in Camden, New Jersey, Camden.

Other appearances

ZZ Top appeared in a cameo in ''Back to the Future Part III'' as an American frontier, Old West band, playing an acoustic version of their song "Doubleback (song), Doubleback" with a large fiddle band.

ZZ Top played Super Bowl XXXI in 1997, along with the Blues Brothers and James Brown. ZZ Top also performed at the 2008 Orange Bowl game in Miami, as well as the Auto Club 400, Auto Club 500 NASCAR event at the Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California. On June 23, 2008, ZZ Top celebrated the release of their first live concert DVD titled ''Live from Texas'' with the world premiere, a special appearance, and charity auction at the Hard Rock Cafe in Houston. The DVD was officially released on June 24, 2008. The featured performance was culled from a concert filmed at the Nokia Theater in Grand Prairie, Texas, on November 1, 2007.

On January 22, 2010, Billy Gibbons, Will Ferrell, and Beck joined a band playing Lynyrd Skynyrd's "Free Bird" on Conan O'Brien's last ''Tonight Show'' appearance. O'Brien joined in on guitar.

In June 2011, various media sources reported that the new song "Flyin' High" would debut in space. Astronaut and friend of ZZ Top Michael E. Fossum, Michael Fossum was given the released single to listen to on his trip to the International Space Station.

On June 4, 2014, ZZ Top opened the CMT Music Awards, CMT Awards ceremony, performing "La Grange" with Luke Bryan and Florida Georgia Line.

Musical style

''The Guardian'' described ZZ Top as "part traditional, part contrary, and part of the deep seam of Texas weirdness that stretched from the The 13th Floor Elevators, 13th Floor Elevators through to the Butthole Surfers". ''Texas Monthly'' described their music as "loud, macho, greasy, and distorted", with "unrepentant misogynistic references". In the early 1980s, ZZ Top embraced synthesizers and drum machines, drawing inspiration from British Electronic music, electronic acts such as Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and Depeche Mode (while deriving their dance moves from the former). Hill and Gibbons worked as a kind of double act, looking similar and employing simple stage choreography that Hill described as "low-energy, high-impact".

ZZ Top's music has been classified as blues rock, hard rock, boogie rock, Southern rock, blues and Texas blues.

Band members

Current members
* Billy Gibbons – guitar, lead and backing vocals (1969–present)
* Frank Beard – drums, percussion (1969–present)
* Elwood Francis – bass, backing vocals (2021–present)

Former members
* Dan Mitchell – drums (1969)
* Lanier Greig – bass, Hammond organ (1969; died 2013)
* Billy Ethridge – bass (1969–1970)
* Dusty Hill – bass, backing and lead vocals, keyboards (1970–2021; died 2021)

Session guests
* Pete Tickle – acoustic guitar on "Mushmouth Shoutin'" from ''Rio Grande Mud'' (1971)
* Terry Manning – synthesizer, drum machine on '' Eliminator'' (1982)
* James Harman – harmonica on "What's Up with That (ZZ Top song), What's Up with That" from ''Rhythmeen'' (1996); '' Mescalero'' (2002); '' La Futura'' (2012; died 2021)
* Marimbas de Chiapas – marimba on ''Mescalero'' (2002)
* Dan Dugmore – pedal steel guitar on ''Mescalero'' (2002)
* Joe Hardy – piano, Hammond B3 organ on ''La Futura'' (2012; died 2019)
* Dave Sardy – piano, Hammond B3 organ on ''La Futura'' (2012)

Touring guests
* Jeff Beck – guitar on "Hey Mr. Millionaire" from ''XXX'' (1999)
* John Douglas – drums, percussion (2002)

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

*''ZZ Top's First Album'' (1971)
*''Rio Grande Mud'' (1972)
*''Tres Hombres'' (1973)
*'' Fandango!'' (1975)
*'' Tejas'' (1976)
*''Degüello'' (1979)
*'' El Loco'' (1981)
*'' Eliminator'' (1983)
*'' Afterburner'' (1985)
*'' Recycler'' (1990)
*''Antenna'' (1994)
*''Rhythmeen'' (1996)
*''XXX'' (1999)
*'' Mescalero'' (2003)
*'' La Futura'' (2012)

Filmography

In addition to recording and performing concerts, ZZ Top has also been involved with films and television. In 1990, the group appeared as the "band at the party" in the film ''Back to the Future Part III'' and played the "Three Men in a Tub" in the movie ''Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme''. ZZ Top made further appearances, including the "Gumby with a Pokey" episode of ''Two and a Half Men'' in 2010 and the "Hank Gets Dusted" episode of ''King of the Hill'' in 2007. The band also List of WWE Raw guest stars, guest hosted an episode of WWE Raw. Billy Gibbons had a recurring role as the father of Angela Montenegro in the television show ''Bones (TV series), Bones''; though the character is never named, it is strongly implied that Gibbons is playing himself. Their song "Sharp Dressed Man" was one of the theme songs used for the television show ''Duck Dynasty'', and on the series finale of the show they appeared with Si Robertson as a vocalist to perform the song on stage during Robertson's retirement party. Black Dahlia Films, led by Jamie Burton Chamberlin, of Seattle and Los Angeles, has contributed documentaries and Live event support, back line screen work (the footage on back screens during live shows) and has become an integral part of the band's film-making.

In November 2020, it was announced that the 2019 Netflix documentary ''That Little Ol' Band from Texas'' was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Music Film with the award ceremony scheduled for March 2021.

Awards and achievements

ZZ Top's music videos won multiple MTV Video Music Award, VMA awards during the 1980s, topping the categories of Best Group Video, Best Direction, and MTV Video Music Award for Best Art Direction, Best Art Direction for "Legs", "Sharp Dressed Man" and "Rough Boy", respectively. Among high honors for ZZ Top have been induction into Hollywood's RockWalk in 1994, the Texas House of Representatives naming them "Official Heroes for the State of Texas", a declaration of "ZZ Top Day" in Texas by then-governor Ann Richards on May 4, 1991, and induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004. They were also given commemorative rings by actor Billy Bob Thornton from the VH1 Rock Honors in 2007.

ZZ Top has also achieved several chart and album sales feats, including six number-one singles on the Mainstream Rock (chart), Mainstream Rock chart. From the Recording Industry Association of America, RIAA, ZZ Top has earned four gold, three platinum and two multiple-platinum album certifications, and one diamond album.

See also

*List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
*American Blues

Notes

References

Bibliography

*

External links

*
*
*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zz Top
ZZ Top,
1969 establishments in Texas
American blues musical groups
American blues rock musical groups
American southern rock musical groups
American musical trios
Columbia Records artists
Hard rock musical groups from Texas
Musical groups established in 1969
Musical groups from Houston
RCA Records artists
Warner Records artists