Ellis Batten “Bo” Page

Ed.D. The Doctor of Education (Ed.D. or D.Ed.; Latin ''Educationis Doctor'' or ''Doctor Educationis'') is (depending on region and university) a research or professional doctoral degree that focuses on the field of education. It prepares the holder for a ...

(April 29, 1924 – May 17, 2005)Potts, Monica (2005, May 23). Ellis Page, 81, Developer of Computerized Grading, obit in the New York ''Times''

/ref>A.N.Marquis, Who’s Who in America
/ref>"Ellis Page, Computer Grading Developer, Dies". UConn ''Advance'', July 18, 200

/ref> is widely acknowledged as the father of

automated essay scoring Automated essay scoring (AES) is the use of specialized computer programs to assign grades to essays written in an educational setting. It is a form of educational assessment and an application of natural language processing. Its objective is to c ...

, a multi-disciplinary field exploring computer evaluation and scoring of student writing, particularly essays. Page's development of and pioneering work with Project Essay Grade (PEG) software in the mid-1960s set the stage for the practical application of computer essay scoring technology following the

microcomputer revolution The history of the personal computer as a mass-market consumer electronic device began with the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s. A personal computer is one intended for interactive individual use, as opposed to a mainframe computer where ...

of the 1990s.

Background

Page was born in San Diego, CA. He was a

United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combi ...

veteran, he graduated from

Pomona College Pomona College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Claremont, California. It was established in 1887 by a group of Congregationalists who wanted to recreate a "college of the New England type" in Southern California. In 1925, it became ...

(Claremont, CA), and he taught high school

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

while pursuing his master's degree in English at

San Diego State University San Diego State University (SDSU) is a public research university in San Diego, California. Founded in 1897 as San Diego Normal School, it is the third-oldest university and southernmost in the 23-member California State University (CSU) system ...

(1955). He received his Ed.D. degree in

educational psychology Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning. The study of learning processes, from both cognitive and behavioral perspectives, allows researchers to understand individual differences i ...

from the

University of California, Los Angeles The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California St ...

in 1958. Page served as a professor of education and psychology for several academic institutions before joining the

University of Connecticut The University of Connecticut (UConn) is a public land-grant research university in Storrs, Connecticut, a village in the town of Mansfield. The primary 4,400-acre (17.8 km2) campus is in Storrs, approximately a half hour's drive from Hart ...

(Storrs) in 1962 as Professor of Educational Psychology and Director, Bureau of Educational Research. It was during his tenure there (in late 1964)Page, E. B. (1967). ''Statistical and Linguistic Strategies in the Computer Grading of Essays''. Coling 1967: Conférence Internationale sur le Traitement Automatique des Langues, Grenoble, France, August 1967 that Page began the development of PEG software, inspired by the convergence of

computational linguistics Computational linguistics is an Interdisciplinarity, interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, comput ...

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech re ...

technology, and his own experience as a high school English teacher.

Research

Page's research earned him a number of academic appointments including Visiting Scientist at the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the ...

(1967–68) and Visiting Professor of Experimental Design at

Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...

(1968–69). Fluent in

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...

, Page also lectured extensively on issues and trends in educational psychology in Spain and South America. Page published more than 250 research articles, technical reports and papers. He was president of the

American Psychological Association The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with over 133,000 members, including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students. It ha ...

’s Division of Educational Psychology (1976–77) and a founding editor of the division's journal, ''

Educational Psychologist An educational psychologist is a psychologist whose differentiating functions may include diagnostic and psycho-educational Psychological evaluation, assessment, psychological counseling in educational communities (students, teachers, parents, ...

''. Page also served as president of the

American Educational Research Association The American Educational Research Association (AERA, pronounced "A-E-R-A") is a professional organization representing education researchers in the United States and around the world. AERA's mission is to advance knowledge about education and p ...

(1979–80) and contributed to the editorial review boards of several other publications, including the ''

Journal of Educational Measurement The ''Journal of Educational Measurement'' is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the National Council on Measurement in Education. The journal was established in 1948 and assumed its current name and numbering in 1964. Blac ...

'' of the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME).

Products

In 1979, Page joined the faculty of

Duke University Duke University is a private research university in Durham, North Carolina. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day city of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James ...

as Professor of Educational Psychology and Research and remained there until 2002. During his tenure, Page renewed his development and research in automated scoring and, in 1993, formed Tru-Judge, Inc., anticipating the potential for commercial applications of the software. In 2002, and in declining health, Page retired from Duke University and sold the intellectual property assets of Tru-Judge to

Measurement Incorporated Measurement Incorporated is an educational testing company based in Durham, North Carolina. The company was founded in 1980 by Dr. Henry Scherich. Measurement Incorporated currently administers state-wide standardized tests for Arizona, Californi ...

, an educational assessment company specializing in the development and scoring of large-scale assessments.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Page, Ellis Batten American educational theorists 1924 births 2005 deaths People from San Diego United States Marines Pomona College alumni San Diego State University alumni University of California, Los Angeles alumni Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty Harvard University faculty Duke University faculty University of Connecticut faculty Educational psychologists United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II Educational Psychologist (journal) editors

Background

Research

Products

References

Further reading

External links