Elizabeth (Betsy) Baldwin Garland was an American

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...

known for her expertise on Great Lakes

prehistory Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of ...

and the archaeology of

Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and the ...

. She was the author of a number of scholarly publications.

Biography

Garland earned a BS in geology from

Wellesley College Wellesley College is a private women's liberal arts college in Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1870 by Henry and Pauline Durant as a female seminary, it is a member of the original Seven Sisters Colleges, an unofficial g ...

, an MA in

Anthropology Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behavi ...

from

Radcliffe College Radcliffe College was a women's liberal arts college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and functioned as the female coordinate institution for the all-male Harvard College. Considered founded in 1879, it was one of the Seven Sisters colleges and he ...

, and a PhD from Harvard in anthropology in 1967. In 1964, Garland was offered a teaching position in the anthropology department at

Western Michigan University Western Michigan University (Western Michigan, Western or WMU) is a public research university in Kalamazoo, Michigan. It was initially established as Western State Normal School in 1903 by Governor Aaron T. Bliss for the training of teachers ...

(WMU). She was the first archaeologist on the faculty at WMU. In 1966, Garland helped create WMU's

archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...

program in the department of anthropology, as well as a joint field school with

Michigan State University Michigan State University (Michigan State, MSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in East Lansing, Michigan. It was founded in 1855 as the Agricultural College of the State of Michigan, the fi ...

. Garland led numerous excavations in

, including several surveys of the Kalamazoo River basin. She founded a chapter of the Michigan Archaeological Society and was named president of the Conference on Michigan Archaeology in 1976. She served as president of the Archaeology Conference until 1980. "Among the accomplishments Garland is noted for, is her work with students. Garland became a powerful mentor to many students, particularly women, who have gone on to pursue careers in archaeology". Garland retired from teaching in 1992. In 2002, Garland was named Outstanding Emeritus Scholar by

Select publications

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garland, Elizabeth Baldwin American archaeologists American women archaeologists Wellesley College alumni Radcliffe College alumni Western Michigan University faculty Living people 1930 births American women academics 21st-century American women