Eliahu Hakim
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Eliyahu Hakim ( he, אליהו חכים; January 2, 1925 – March 22, 1945) was a
Lehi Lehi (; he, לח"י – לוחמי חרות ישראל ''Lohamei Herut Israel – Lehi'', "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel – Lehi"), often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang,"This group was known to its friends as LEHI and to its enemie ...
member, known for taking part in the 1944 assassination of Lord Moyne, the British Minister Resident in the Middle East.


Biography

Born in
Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...
,
Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (french: Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban; ar, الانتداب الفرنسي على سوريا ولبنان, al-intidāb al-fransi 'ala suriya wa-lubnān) (1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate foun ...
to a Lebanese-Jewish family, Hakim moved to
Mandatory Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...
with his family when he was seven. He grew up in the port city of
Haifa Haifa ( he, חֵיפָה ' ; ar, حَيْفَا ') is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area, the third-most populous metropol ...
. As a teenager, he joined Lehi, and then volunteered for the
British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. Posted to Cairo, Hakim deserted in order to continue his anti-British activities on behalf of Lehi. As a member of Lehi, he participated in an assassination attempt against Harold MacMichael, the British High Commissioner for Palestine, in 1944. His team ambushed MacMichael's car, slightly wounding him and his driver and severely wounding his adjutant, but failing to kill anyone.


Assassination of Lord Moyne

On November 6, 1944, Hakim, along with
Eliyahu Bet-Zuri Eliyahu Bet-Zuri ( he, אליהו בית צורי 10 February 1922 – 22 March 1945) was a member of Lehi, who was executed in Egypt for his part in the assassination of Lord Moyne, the British Minister Resident in the Middle East. Biogr ...
carried out the assassination of Lord Moyne in
Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the largest urban agglomeration in Africa, the Arab world and the Middle East: The Greater Cairo metro ...
. Moyne arrived in his car with his army driver, Lance Corporal A. Fuller, his secretary, Dorothy Osmond, and his ADC, Major Andrew Hughes-Onslow. The ADC went to open the front door of the residence and the driver got out to open the door for Moyne. Hakim then pulled the car door open and shot Moyne three times, while Bet-Zuri shot and killed the driver. The two assassins fled on their bicycles, pursued by an Egyptian motorcycle policeman who had been alerted by Major Hughes-Onslow. The two were captured and surrounded by an angry mob until they were extracted by the police. Moyne, seriously wounded, was rushed to hospital and died of his wounds that evening. Hakim and Bet-Zuri were caught immediately and put on trial before a military court. They were convicted and sentenced to death. Both were hanged in Cairo on 22 March 1945, singing Hatikvah, the Zionist anthem, on the gallows.


Legacy

Hakim and Bet-Zuri's remains were brought to
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
in 1975 and reburied on Mount Herzl with full military honors. Streets named after Hakim are located in all Israeli main cities:
French Carmel French Carmel ( he, כרמל צרפתי) is a neighbourhood of Haifa (Israel), located on the western slopes of Mount Carmel. The population is predominantly Jewish. Name The name "French Carmel" was given to the area due to the fact that the Di ...
neighborhood of
Haifa Haifa ( he, חֵיפָה ' ; ar, حَيْفَا ') is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in . The city of Haifa forms part of the Haifa metropolitan area, the third-most populous metropol ...
, Northern Tel-Aviv,
Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
and
Be'er Sheba Beersheba or Beer Sheva, officially Be'er-Sheva ( he, בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע, ''Bəʾēr Ševaʿ'', ; ar, بئر السبع, Biʾr as-Sabʿ, Well of the Oath or Well of the Seven), is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel. ...
.


Footnotes


References

*
Gerold Frank Gerold Frank (August 2, 1907 – September 17, 1998) was an American writer and ghostwriter. He wrote several celebrity memoirs and was considered a pioneer of the "as told to" form of (auto)biography. His two best-known books, however, are ''Th ...
, ''The Deed: The Assassination of Lord Moyne in Cairo'', Simon and Schuster, 1963.


External links

* *
Dr. Yosef Nedava, "Hakim and Bet-Zuri," on the Daat website (Hebrew)


{{DEFAULTSORT:Hakim, Eliyahu 1925 births 1945 deaths Irgun members Jews in Mandatory Palestine Lebanese Jews Lehi (militant group) Olei Hagardom People from Beirut Executed Lebanese people People executed by Egypt by hanging Lebanese emigrants to Mandatory Palestine Burials at Mount Herzl 20th-century executions by Egypt Executed assassins 1944 murders in Egypt