Electromembrane Extraction
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Electro membrane extraction, or EME, is a miniaturized liquid-liquid extraction technique developed for sample preparation of aqueous samples prior to analysis by chromatography,
electrophoresis Electrophoresis, from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron, "amber") and φόρησις (phórēsis, "the act of bearing"), is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric fie ...
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mass spectrometry Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. The results are presented as a ''mass spectrum'', a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. Mass spectrometry is use ...
, and related techniques in analytical chemistry. EME involves the use of a small supported liquid membrane (SLM) sustained in the wall of a porous hollow fiber, and application of an electrical field across the SLM.


Principle

Target compounds are extracted from an aqueous sample, through a µL-volume of organic solvent sustained as a thin supported liquid membrane (SLM) in the pores in the wall of a porous hollow fiber, and into an acceptor solution inside the lumen of the hollow fiber. Extraction is based on electrokinetic migration in an electrical field sustained across the SLM. The volume of the acceptor solution is typically 5-25 µL. The acceptor solution is an aqueous solution, and can be analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE).


Advantages

EME is closely related to liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and provides high pre-concentration and efficient sample clean-up. In addition, because the extraction is performed under the influence of an electrical field, the extraction selectivity can be controlled by the direction and the magnitude of the electrical field.Astrid Gjelstad, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard Electromembrane extraction – Three phase electrophoresis for future preparative applications Electrophoresis 35 (2014) 2421-2428.


Further reading

* Knut Fredrik Seip, Astrid Gjelstad, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard, The potential of electromembrane extraction for bioanalytical applications, Bioanalysis 7 (2015) 463-480 * V. Krishna Marothu, M. Gorrepati, R. Vusa, Electromembrane extraction-a novel extraction technique for pharmaceutical, chemical, clinical and environmental analysis, Journal of Chromatographic Science 51 (2013) 619-631.


References

{{reflist * * * * Extraction (chemistry) Laboratory techniques