El Limón is a town and

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

, in

Jalisco Jalisco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in western Mexico and is bordered by s ...

in central-western

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

. The municipality covers an area of 114.2 km². In 2005, the municipality had a total population of 2,646.

Toponymy

El Limón, previously known as Almolón and El Limón Nuevo, was a site in the old Zapotlán mountain range leading to

Autlán Autlán de Navarro is a city and its surrounding municipality of the same name in the Costa Sur region of the southwestern part of the state of Jalisco in Mexico. At the Mexican census of 2005, the municipality had a population of 53,269. In 20 ...

History

It was a site in the old mountain range of Zapotlán or

. The Hacienda del Limón Viejo is very ancient. At the time of the Spanish conquest, San Juan de Amula was the main settlement, governed by a cacique. In October 1525, Captain Francisco Cortés de San Buenaventura, coming from

Colima Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima. Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the cen ...

, stayed here and granted land to the indigenous people to form a community. The King of Spain granted them the title of town and large lands for an indigenous community. Since 1526, these lands belonged to the Province of Martín Monje and Pedro Gómez, with Tenamaxtlán as its head, later annexed to

. In December 1817, Limón Viejo was depopulated. On January 8, 1818, landowners, laborers, and ranchers moved to Limón Nuevo, a livestock estate of the old hacienda. They settled there to benefit from the royal road and the large springs. Landowner Juan Vicente Rosales died intestate in 1843, and his descendants continued to own this inheritance jointly until the formation of the ejidos of El Limón and La Ciénega, with several owners over the years. In 1909, one of its owners, Mr. Vidal Zepeda, established the hacienda's main house in what is now a neighborhood of La Ciénega.

Pedro Zamora Pedro Pablo Zamora (born Pedro Pablo Zamora y Díaz, February 29, 1972 – November 11, 1994) was a Cuban-American AIDS educator and television personality.''Pedro Zamora'', WPBT Channel 2-New Florida, November 11–17, 2004, Oscar Lopez Produc ...

, a Villista general born in El Palmar de los Pelayo near El Limón, roamed the region for ten years. This guerrilla fighter became a legendary figure still remembered by many locals. El Limón was established as a municipality on June 2, according to decree number 2069, signed by Governor

Basilio Vadillo Basilio Vadillo (14 July 1885, Zapotlán, Jalisco, Mexico – 25 July 1935, Montevideo, Uruguay) was an educator and politician who served briefly as Governor of the Mexican State of Jalisco (1921–22). He was born in Zapotlán, Jal. (since r ...

. The initiative was due to some residents and the support of Deputy Rodrigo Camacho.

Geographic Description

Location

The municipality of El Limón is located in the Sierra de Amula region of Jalisco. It borders the municipalities of Ejutla, El Grullo, Tonaya, and Tuxcacuesco. It covers an area of 190.49 square kilometers. The municipality borders Ejutla to the north; Tonaya to the east; Tuxcacuesco and El Grullo to the south; and El Grullo and Ejutla to the west.

Physical Environment

42.5% of the municipality is mountainous, with slopes greater than 15°, and the predominant rock is limestone (24.2%), a chemical or biochemical sedimentary rock, the most important of carbonate rocks. The predominant soil is lithosol (43.5%), a stony soil, the most abundant in the country. It is found in all climates and with diverse vegetation. The jungle (57.9%) is the dominant land use in the municipality.

Hydrography

The water resources of the municipality consist of groundwater, rivers, and lakes. The territory is located within one aquifer, with 0% having no availability and 100.0% having groundwater availability. The municipal territory is within the Canoas, Corcovado, El Rosario, and Las Piedras basins, with 100.0% having surface water availability and 0% having a deficit. Its hydrological resources are provided by rivers and streams forming the Ameca River basin, part of the Pacific Central region. Its main river is the Tuxcacueco, crossing the territory to the west; it also has streams: Salado, Hondo, Las Piletas, and Grande; several springs; and the Basilio Vadillo Dam (Las Piedras). The Basilio Vadillo Dam (Las Piedras) is not part of El Limón Municipality; it is located in Ejutla, Jalisco.

Climate, Temperature, and Precipitation

Most of El Limón (94.1%) has a warm sub-humid climate. The average annual temperature is 23.2°C, with average highs and lows of 34.7°C and 11.8°C, respectively. The average annual precipitation is 871mm. The rainy season occurs in June, July, and August. Wind direction is variable with constant intensity.

Protected Natural Areas

El Limón has 0.01% wetlands with no designated protected natural areas.

Drought

At the municipal level, extreme drought is the most widespread at 53.6%, followed by exceptional, severe, and moderate drought at 20%, 11%, and 9%, respectively.

Flora and Fauna

The vegetation includes

oak An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' of the beech family. They have spirally arranged leaves, often with lobed edges, and a nut called an acorn, borne within a cup. The genus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisp ...

pine A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as cu ...

, parota, mesquite, guamúchil,

cactus A cactus (: cacti, cactuses, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae (), a family of the order Caryophyllales comprising about 127 genera with some 1,750 known species. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, ...

, huizache, and palm trees in some areas. The fauna includes species such as

deer A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes, among others, muntjac, elk (wapiti), red deer, and fallow deer) ...

coyote The coyote (''Canis latrans''), also known as the American jackal, prairie wolf, or brush wolf, is a species of canis, canine native to North America. It is smaller than its close relative, the Wolf, gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the c ...

hare Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores and live Solitary animal, solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are precociality, able to fend for themselves ...

skunk Skunks are mammals in the family Mephitidae. They are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant scent from their anal glands. Different species of skunk vary in appearance from black-and-white to brown, cream or gi ...

badger Badgers are medium-sized short-legged omnivores in the superfamily Musteloidea. Badgers are a polyphyletic rather than a natural taxonomic grouping, being united by their squat bodies and adaptions for fossorial activity rather than by the ...

tarantula Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although ...

opossum Opossums () are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia () endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 126 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North A ...

, some

reptile Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, amniotic development. Living traditional reptiles comprise four Order (biology), orders: Testudines, Crocodilia, Squamata, and Rhynchocepha ...

s, and birds like

quail Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy. Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New ...

and güilota. Also present are the onza (a small feline), puma, Mexican tigrillo, black panther, and

Gila monster The Gila monster (''Heloderma suspectum'', ) is a species of venomous lizard native to the Southwestern United States and the northwestern Mexico, Mexican state of Sonora. It is a heavy, slow-moving reptile, up to long, and it is the only ve ...

Infrastructure

The municipality has 16 public services, including 24 schools, 13 sports or recreational facilities, and 9 plazas.

Health

According to health ministry records, the municipality has 4 health service units, including clinics, general and specialized hospitals, administrative offices, pharmacies, laboratories, family medicine units, medical specialties, and mobile units. Of these, 4 belong to the Health Secretariat (SSJ), 1 to the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), and 1 to the Institute of Social Security and Services for State Workers (ISSSTE).

Demographics and Localities

According to the 2020 Population and Housing Census, the population was 5,368; 49.7% male and 50.3% female. Compared to 2015 (5,379 inhabitants), the municipal population decreased by 0.2% in five years.

Localities

In 2020, El Limón had 11 localities, with 1 having two houses and 2 having one. El Limón was the most populated, with 3,125 people, representing 58.2% of the municipal population; followed by La Ciénega (16.7%), San Juan de Amula (9.6%), San Miguel Hidalgo (6.8%), and El Palmar de San Antonio (3.8%).

Migration

The migration intensity index was 60.24, indicating a high level of migration.

Poverty by Social Deprivation

Regarding social deprivation in 2020, the indicator for lack of access to social security was the highest at 59.6%, representing 3,215 inhabitants. In contrast, the lowest was lack of access to food at 3.2%. Other indicators like educational lag, access to health services, access to basic housing services, and access to food represented 20%, 11%, 5%, and 3%, respectively.

Economy and Employment

According to the National Statistical Directory of Economic Units (DENUE) by INEGI, El Limón had 195 economic units as of May 2024, with a predominance of service establishments at 48.72% of the total.

Employment

By June 2024, IMSS reported 162 insured workers, showing a constant number compared to June 2023. The economic group with the most jobs was Public Administration and Social Security Services, with 64 workers (39.51% of total insured). The second group was Fishing, with 26 insured workers (16.05%). The third group was Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Retail, with 11%.

Municipal Development Index (IDM)

El Limón has a Low institutional development with an IDM-I of 48.

Monthly Average of Investigation Files

From June 2023 to May 2024, 45 investigation files were opened, with a monthly average of 4, with the most investigated crime being negligent injuries.

Tourism

Architecture

*Hacienda del Realito.

Churches

*Templo de San Juan.

Parks and Reserves

*Cerro del Narigón. *Cerro de La Capilla. *Cerro de Las Tarjeas.

Dams and Springs

*Arroyo de Las Piletas. *Manantial Las Higueras. *Presa de Luis. *El Salto (in La Ciénega). *El Agua Caliente (Hot Springs, in La Ciénega).

Festivals

Civic Festivals

*Bullfighting Festival. From December 31 to January 13.

Religious Festivals

*Festival in honor of the

Immaculate Conception The Immaculate Conception is the doctrine that the Virgin Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception. It is one of the four Mariology, Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church. Debated by medieval theologians, it was not def ...

from November 30 to December 8. *Festival in honor of

Virgin of Guadalupe Our Lady of Guadalupe (), also known as the Virgin of Guadalupe (), is a Catholic Church, Catholic Titles of Mary, mother of Jesus, title of the Blessed Virgin Mary associated with four Marian apparitions to Juan Diego and one to his uncle, J ...

from December 12. *Festival in honor of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.

Primary Information Sources

Instituto de Información Estadística y Geográfica del Estado de Jalisco (2024). Municipal Diagnosis of El Limón: October 2024. At https://iieg.gob.mx/ns/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/El-Lim%C3%B3n.pdf Retrieved on October 29, 2024, from https://iieg.gob.mx/ns/?page_id=21707

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:El Limon, Jalisco Municipalities of Jalisco