''El Debate'' is a defunct

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Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

daily newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports a ...

, published in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

between 1910 and 1936. It was the most important Catholic newspaper of its time in Spain.

History and profile

''El Debate'' was founded in 1910 by Guillermo de Rivas during the controversy originated by the so-called Padlock Bill, against the establishment of any more religious orders in Spain. It suffered a very unsuccessful management during its first months and it was sold to

Ángel Herrera Oria Ángel Herrera Oria (19 November 1886 – 28 July 1968) was a Spanish journalist and Roman Catholic politician and later a cardinal. He established the Instituto Social León XIII (later renamed Fundación Pablo VI) to promote the social doct ...

and his Asociación Católica Nacional de Propagandistas (ACNdP). Herrera Oria edited the newspaper from 1911 to 1933. Its headquarters was in Madrid. Ideologically, ''El Debate'' was very conservative and

clerical Clerical may refer to: * Pertaining to the clergy * Pertaining to a clerical worker * Clerical script, a style of Chinese calligraphy * Clerical People's Party See also * Cleric (disambiguation) Cleric is a member of the clergy. Cleric may a ...

, and journalistically it was very modern. The paper imported journalistic techniques from the

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and in 1926 opened the first

Journalism School A journalism school is a school or department, usually part of an established university, where journalists are trained. 'J-School' is an increasingly used term for a journalism department at a school or college. Journalists in most parts of the ...

of Spain. It was the first newspaper with specific sport information. During the dictatorship of

Miguel Primo de Rivera Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a dictator, aristocrat, and military officer who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during Spain's Restoration era. He deepl ...

(1923–1930) ''El Debate'' supported the previous

censorship Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. This may be done on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or "inconvenient". Censorship can be conducted by governments ...

in order to protect religious, moral and juridical values. When the Second Republic was proclaimed, the newspaper declared its compliance to the new regime, although this annoyed of many of its

monarchist Monarchism is the advocacy of the system of monarchy or monarchical rule. A monarchist is an individual who supports this form of government independently of any specific monarch, whereas one who supports a particular monarch is a royalist. ...

readers. During the Second Republic (1931–1936) the government suspended its activity several times. The paper supported the

Spanish Confederation of the Autonomous Right The Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (, CEDA), was a Spanish political party in the Second Spanish Republic. A Catholic conservative force, it was the political heir to Ángel Herrera Oria's Acción Popular and defined itself in t ...

(CEDA), the rightist and possibilist coalition that won election in 1933. After the beginning of the

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, the facilities were the newspapers of the ACNdP publishing house,

Editorial Católica An editorial, or leading article (UK) or leader (UK) is an article written by the senior editorial people or publisher of a newspaper, magazine, or any other written document, often unsigned. Australian and major United States newspapers, suc ...

, were printed, were confiscated by the

Communist Party of Spain The Communist Party of Spain ( es, Partido Comunista de España; PCE) is a Marxist-Leninist party that, since 1986, has been part of the United Left coalition, which is part of Unidas Podemos. It currently has two of its politicians serving as ...

and Republican Left. While the Communist voice, ''

Mundo Obrero ''Mundo Obrero'' (Spanish language, Spanish: ''Workers World'') is the periodical of the Communist Party of Spain (main), Communist Party of Spain (PCE). The paper is based in Madrid, Spain. History and profile ''Mundo Obrero'' was first published ...

'', was printed using the material of '' Ya'', a little pre-war newspaper, '' Política'', the voice of Republican Left took ''El Debate'' ones.Bajo el control obrero. La prensa diaria en Madrid durante la guerra civil, 1936-1939
PhD Thesis, Juan Carlos Mateos Fernández. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1996. In 1939 the

Francoist Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spani ...

government did not give permission for the reestablishment of ''El Debate'', and Editorial Católica re-issued ''Ya'', a newspaper with less political significance, that was the actual heir of ''El Debate''.

References

Bibliography

*Artola, Miguel (ed.): ''Enciclopedia de Historia de España'', Madrid: Alianza, V, pp. 387–388 {{DEFAULTSORT:Debate 1910 establishments in Spain 1936 disestablishments in Spain Defunct newspapers published in Spain Newspapers published in Madrid Newspapers established in 1910 Publications disestablished in 1936 Catholic newspapers Spanish-language newspapers