Eislingen () is a town in the district of Göppingen in

Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

History

Southern Eislingen (Kleineislingen) became a possession Württemberg in 1492 while Northern Eislingen (Großeislingen) was annexed by the

Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg The Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg (german: Fürstbistum Würzburg; Hochstift Würzburg) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire located in Lower Franconia, west of the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg. Würzburg had been a diocese ...

. The period of municipal division brought about strife between local

Imperial Knights The Free Imperial knights (german: link=no, Reichsritter la, Eques imperii) were free nobles of the Holy Roman Empire, whose direct overlord was the Emperor. They were the remnants of the medieval free nobility ('' edelfrei'') and the minister ...

(''Reichsritter'') until the dissolution of the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...

in 1803. The events of

Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...

in Germany brought another third of Eislingen under the sovereignty of the

Duchy of Württemberg The Duchy of Württemberg (german: Herzogtum Württemberg) was a duchy located in the south-western part of the Holy Roman Empire. It was a member of the Holy Roman Empire from 1495 to 1806. The dukedom's long survival for over three centuries ...

and joint control with Würzburg with the rest of the city. In 1802, Würzburg was annexed by the Electorate of Bavaria. This, by extension, made Northern Eislingen a Bavarian possession until it was ceded in 1806 to the now

Kingdom of Württemberg The Kingdom of Württemberg (german: Königreich Württemberg ) was a German state that existed from 1805 to 1918, located within the area that is now Baden-Württemberg. The kingdom was a continuation of the Duchy of Württemberg, which exist ...

Stuttgart Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the ...

assigned Eislingen to , a district was reorganized in 1938 as Landkreis Göppingen. Northern and Southern Eislingen united into a single city, named Eislingen-Fils, in 1933. The town of Krummwälden was incorporated into Eislingen in 1935. The construction of the

Fils Valley Railway The Fils Valley Railway (german: Filstalbahn, historically ''Filsbahn'' or ''Württembergische Ostbahn''—Württemberg Eastern Railway) designates the Württemberg line from Stuttgart via Göppingen to Ulm. It runs from Plochingen to Geisling ...

through Eislingen in 1845 began a period of industrialization and population expansion that continued after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

and would make Eislingen the most densely populated municipality in Göppingen's jurisdiction. Eislingen was declared a major town, or ''

Große Kreisstadt ''Große Kreisstadt'' (, "major district town") is a term in the municipal law ('' Gemeindeordnung'') of several German states. In some federal states the term is used as a special legal status for a district-affiliated town—as distinct from an ...

'', in 2012.

Geography

The city (''

Stadt Stad or Stadlandet is a peninsula in Stad Municipality in the northwestern part of the Nordfjord district in Vestland county in Norway. The peninsula is considered the dividing point between the Norwegian Sea to the north and the North Sea to t ...

'') of Eislingen is located in the north of

the district ''The District'' is an American crime drama and police procedural television series which aired on CBS from October 7, 2000, to May 1, 2004. The show followed the work and personal life of the chief of Washington, D.C.'s police department. Pre ...

of Göppingen, in the German state of

. Eislingen is physically located in the

Fils Fils or FILS may refer to: People * Anton Fils (1733–1760), German composer * Arthur Fils (born 2004), French tennis player * Pascal Fils (born 1984), Canadian football player Other uses * Fils (currency), a subdivision of currency used in ...

river valley, at the mouth of the

Krumm Krumm is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Al Krumm (1865–1937), Major League Baseball pitcher *Franz Krumm (1909–1943), German footballer *Michael Krumm (born 1970), German auto racing driver * Philip Krumm (born 19 ...

, in and of the

Swabian Jura The Swabian Jura (german: Schwäbische Alb , more rarely ), sometimes also named Swabian Alps in English, is a mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, extending from southwest to northeast and in width. It is named after the region of ...

. Elevation above sea level in the municipal area ranges from a high of

Normalnull ("standard zero") or (short N. N. or NN ) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked (“meters above standard zero”). has been replaced by (NHN). History In 187 ...

(NN), in the northeast, to a low of NN on the Fils.

Politics

Eislingen has one borough (''Stadtteile''), Eislingen-Fils, and five villages: Eschenbäche, Etzberg, Krummwälden, Stumpenhof, and Täleshof. There are three

abandoned villages An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted. In many countries, and throughout history, thousands of villages have been deserted for a variety of causes. Abandonment of villages is often related to epidemic, f ...

in the municipal area: Brunnenweiler, Ehrenstetten, and Hammertweil.

Coat of arms

Eislingen's

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

is divided ''party per cross'' into four sections, two

white White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...

and two

blue Blue is one of the three primary colours in the RYB colour model (traditional colour theory), as well as in the RGB (additive) colour model. It lies between violet and cyan on the spectrum of visible light. The eye perceives blue when obs ...

. In the upper half of the

blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The vis ...

is a that alternates between white and blue as it crosses into different fields. This pattern was the coat of arms of Northern Eislingen and it was re-adopted by the city of Eislingen when it merged with Southern Eislingen in 1933. The blue-white

tincture A tincture is typically an extract of plant or animal material dissolved in ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Solvent concentrations of 25–60% are common, but may run as high as 90%.Groot Handboek Geneeskrachtige Planten by Geert Verhelst In chemistr ...

is a reference to the Prince-Bishopric of Würzburg, and the stag antler to Württemberg. The stag antler was black until 1955.

Partner cities

Villány Villány (german: Wieland; hr, Viljan, or ; Živko Mandić: Hrvatska imena naseljenih mjesta u Madžarskoj, sr, Виљан, Viljan) is a town in Baranya County, Hungary that is famous for its wine. Residents are Hungarians, with minority ...

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...

, since April 1989 * Oyonnax,

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

, since 17 December 2001

Transportation

Eislingen is connected to Germany's network of roadways by Bundesstraße 10, specifically a four-lane extension of the highway that was completed in 2006. The city is also connected to Germany's system of railroads by the

. Local public transportation is provided by the and .

References

{{Authority control Towns in Baden-Württemberg Göppingen (district)