Eichstätt (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft)
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Eichstätt () is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the
Altmühl The Altmühl (, la, Alchmona, Alcmana, Almonus)
s.v. is a river in
river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the
Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt The Diocese of Eichstätt is a diocese of the Catholic Church in Bavaria. Its seat is Eichstätt, and it is subordinate to the archbishop of Bamberg. The diocese was erected in 745; from the Middle Ages until 1805, it was a state of the Holy Roma ...
.


Geography


Location

Eichstätt lies on both sides of the river
Altmühl The Altmühl (, la, Alchmona, Alcmana, Almonus)
s.v. is a river in
in the district of Eichstätt of the Oberbayern region of Bavaria, in the heart of
Altmühl Valley Nature Park The Altmühl Valley Nature Park (german: Naturpark Altmühltal) is a nature park, 2,962 km² in area, in the south German state of Bavaria. The area of the park is almost coextensive with that of the natural region major unit of the Southern ...
.


Geology

Eichstätt is located in a valley of the Franconian Jura and is famous for the quarries of Solnhofen Plattenkalk (Jurassic limestone). On the Blumenberg the
Berlin specimen ''Archaeopteryx'' fossils from the quarries of Solnhofen Plattenkalk, Solnhofen limestone represent the most famous and well-known fossils from this area. They are highly significant to paleontology and evolution of birds, avian evolution in th ...
of
Archaeopteryx ''Archaeopteryx'' (; ), sometimes referred to by its German name, "" ( ''Primeval Bird''), is a genus of bird-like dinosaurs. The name derives from the ancient Greek (''archaīos''), meaning "ancient", and (''ptéryx''), meaning "feather" ...
was found by Jakob Niemeyer.


History

St.
Willibald Willibald (; c. 700 – c.787) was an 8th-century bishop of Eichstätt in Bavaria. Information about his life is largely drawn from the Hodoeporicon (itinerary) of Willibald, a text written in the 8th century by Huneberc, an Anglo-Saxon nun fro ...
founded the Diocese of Eichstätt on the site of an old Roman station ( or ) in 741. The city was given walls and chartered in 908. It was ruled by a prince-bishop, and in the Holy Roman Empire was the seat of the
Bishopric of Eichstätt In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
until secularization in 1802. In 1806, it became a part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Eichstätt was included as part of the
Principality of Eichstätt The Principality of Eichstätt was a mediatised principality within the Kingdom of Bavaria that existed between 1817 and 1833 and encompassed an area around Eichstätt with about 24.000 residents. Proprietors of the principality were the Dukes of L ...
, which King Maximilian I granted to his son-in-law Eugène de Beauharnais in 1817 and an
episcopal Episcopal may refer to: *Of or relating to a bishop, an overseer in the Christian church *Episcopate, the see of a bishop – a diocese *Episcopal Church (disambiguation), any church with "Episcopal" in its name ** Episcopal Church (United State ...
see was reestablished in 1821. It reverted to the Bavarian crown in 1855. In 870, the remains of St. Walpurga were transferred from their original Heidenheim interment to Eichstätt, where in 1035 the newer burial site was enshrined as the Benedictine Abbey of St. Walburga, which continues to this day. In 1943, the painter
Karl Friedrich Lippmann Karl Friedrich Lippmann (also "Carl Fr. Lippmann" and "FK Lippmann"; 27 October 1883, in Offenbach am Main – 30 May 1957) was a German painter of the New Objectivity, known for landscapes and portraits. Life Karl Friedrich Lippmann was o ...
moved to Eichstätt and stayed until 1955. ''
Hortus Eystettensis ''Hortus Eystettensis'' (Garden of Eichstätt) is the short title of a codex produced by Basilius Besler, a Nuremberg apothecary and botanist, in 1613 describing the plants of the garden of the Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt in Bavaria. The Rena ...
'' ("Garden at Eichstätt") is the name of an important botanical book first published in 1613 and written by
Basilius Besler Basilius Besler (1561–1629) was a respected Nuremberg apothecary and botanist, best known for his monumental ''Hortus Eystettensis''. Biography Besler was born in Nuremberg, Germany on February 13 1561, the son of Michael Besler. His fi ...
.


World War II

Allied prisoners of war were held at Oflag VII-B in Eichstätt during World War II. Activities carried on by the prisoners there included attempted escapes and the production of plays and musical works. These included Hamlet and the
Comedy of Errors ''The Comedy of Errors'' is one of William Shakespeare's early plays. It is his shortest and one of his most farcical comedies, with a major part of the humour coming from slapstick and mistaken identity, in addition to puns and word play. It ...
by William Shakespeare, the premiere of ''
Post-Mortem An autopsy (post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death or to evaluate any dis ...
'' by
Noël Coward Sir Noël Peirce Coward (16 December 189926 March 1973) was an English playwright, composer, director, actor, and singer, known for his wit, flamboyance, and what ''Time'' magazine called "a sense of personal style, a combination of cheek and ...
and of the ''Ballad of Little Musgrave and Lady Barnard'' by Benjamin Britten.


Attractions

The town is dominated by the ''
Willibaldsburg The Willibaldsburg is a spur castle, built around the year 1353, in Eichstätt in Upper Bavaria. Until the middle of the 18th century, it was the representative castle and seat of Eichstätt's prince-bishops. Location This fortified palace ...
''. Besides the cathedral, Eichstätt also has 12 churches and 10 monasteries.


Mayors

* 1944–1945: Hans Rösch, NSDAP * 1945–1948: Romuald Blei * 1948–1949: Richard Jaeger CSU * 1949–1951: Romuald Blei * 1951–1976: Hans Hutter, CSU * 1976–1994: Ludwig Kärtner, CSU * 1994–2012: Arnulf Neumeyer, SPD * 2012–2020: Andreas Steppberger, FW * 2020–present: Josef Grienberger, CSU


Education

Eichstätt is home to the (KU), the lone Catholic university in Germany. The KU was founded in 1980, and was granted full rights of a university, including Ph.D. and
Habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in many European countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellence in research, teaching and further education, usually including a ...
degrees by the State of Bavari


Sons and daughters of the town

* Tobias Barnerssoi (born 1969), alpine skier and sports reporter * Erhard Bauer (died 1493), municipal architect of Eger * Erich Emminger (1880–1951), politician (center party), minister of justice from 1923 to 1924 *
Anton Fils Anton Fils (also Antonín Fils, Johann Anton Fils, Johann Anton Filtz), 22 September 1733 (baptized) – 14 March 1760 (buried) was a German classical composer. Fils was born in Eichstätt, in the Bishopric of Eichstätt. Long thought to ha ...
(1733–1760), composer *
Edmund Harburger Edmund Harburger (4 April 1846, Eichstätt – 5 November 1906, Munich) was a German painter and draftsman. Life His father, Franz Xaver, was a merchant in Mainz, and his mother Elisabeth was the daughter of a flagstone dealer. As a result of ...
(1846–1906), Munich draftsman and painter * Johann Philipp Jeningen (1642–1704), catholic priest *
Anna Knauer Anna Knauer (born 20 February 1995) is a German former professional racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2014 and 2017 for the and teams. Major results Track ;2011 : National Novices Track Championships ::1st 500m time trial ::1s ...
(born 1995), cyclist * Konrad Kyeser (1366–after 1405), nobleman and war technician of medieval Europe *
Jörg Mager Jörg Georg Adam Mager (6 November 1880 - 5 April 1939) was a German musician and inventor, who was a pioneer of early electronic music. Mager was born in Eichstätt in Bavaria, in 1880. An idealist by nature, he worked as a schoolteacher and or ...
(1880–1939), electronic music pioneer and inventor *
Caritas Pirckheimer Caritas Pirckheimer (21 March 1467 – 19 August 1532) was Abbess of Saint Clara's convent in Nuremberg at the time of the Reformation, which she opposed due to the threat posed by Martin Luther to Catholic houses of worship and religious build ...
(1467–1532), abbess in Nuremberg during the Reformation *
Willibald Pirckheimer Willibald Pirckheimer (5 December 1470 – 22 December 1530) was a German Renaissance lawyer, author and Renaissance humanist, a wealthy and prominent figure in Nuremberg in the 16th century, imperial counsellor and a member of the governing City ...
(1470–1530), lawyer, author humanist *
Max von Widnmann Max von Widnmann (ennobled as Maximilian Ritter von Widnmann; 16 October 1812 – 3 March 1895)Th-B, "Widnmann, Max von, sculptor", ''Dictionary of German Biography'', ed. Walther Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus, with Dietrich von Engelhardt ''et al'' ...
(1812–1895), sculptor and successor of Schwanthaler as professor at the academy of fine arts in Munich (1849–1887)


Personalities connected with the city

* Pope Victor II (Gebhard von Dollnstein-Hirschberg) (died 1057), fifth German pope 1055–1057 *
Gundekar II of Eichstätt Gundekar (1019–1075), (also Gundechar, Gundakar, Gunzo) was bishop of Eichstätt from 1057 to 1075. He is known for his historical work ''Vitae Pontificum Eystettensium'' on his predecessors. He is a Catholic blessed Blessed may refer to: * T ...
(1019-1075), bishop, church politician, (
sarcophagus A sarcophagus (plural sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a box-like funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word ''sarcophagus'' comes from the Greek ...
in the St. John's Chapel of the Cathedral). * Loy Hering (1484/85–1564), Renaissance sculptor from Kaufbeuren, councilor and mayor in Eichstätt * Elias Holl (1573–1646), master builder from Augsburg, architect of the Willibaldsburg * Karl Engel, brother of Jakob Engel, carpenter and builder *
Franz Xaver Witt Franz Xaver Witt (February 9, 1834 – December 2, 1888) was a Catholic priest, church musician, and composer. He was a leading figure in the Cecilian movement for the reform of Catholic church music in the second half of the 19th century.Williamso ...
(1834–1888), church musician, composer, reformer, founder of the general German Cäcilienvereine, 1870-1871 conductor of Eichstätt *
Prince Maximilian of Saxony (1870–1951) en, Maximilian William Augustus Albert Charles Gregory Odo , image = Prince Max of Saxony.jpg , caption = , house = Wettin , father =George of Saxony , mother = Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal , birth_date = , ...
(1870–1951), prince of the albertine branch, priestly and chaplain activity in Eichstätt, church researcher *
Cesare Orsenigo Cesare Vincenzo Orsenigo (December 13, 1873 – April 1, 1946) was Apostolic Nuncio to Germany from 1930 to 1945, during the rise of Nazi Germany and World War II. Along with the German ambassador to the Vatican, Diego von Bergen and later Ernst v ...
(1873–1946 in Eichstätt), from 1930 to 1945 apostolic
Nuncio An apostolic nuncio ( la, nuntius apostolicus; also known as a papal nuncio or simply as a nuncio) is an ecclesiastical diplomat, serving as an envoy or a permanent diplomatic representative of the Holy See to a state or to an international or ...
in Germany, successor of Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli) as Apostolic Nuncio in Germany *
Karl Friedrich Lippmann Karl Friedrich Lippmann (also "Carl Fr. Lippmann" and "FK Lippmann"; 27 October 1883, in Offenbach am Main – 30 May 1957) was a German painter of the New Objectivity, known for landscapes and portraits. Life Karl Friedrich Lippmann was o ...
(1883–1957), art painter, ( New Objectivity), 1943–1955 in Eichstätt * Saint Walpurga, also spelled Valderburg or Guibor (AD 710 – 25 February 777 or 779), was an Anglo-Saxon missionary to the Frankish Empire. She was canonized on 1 May c. 870 by Pope Adrian II. Saint Walpurgis Night (or "Sankt Walpurgisnacht") is the name for the eve of her feast day, which coincides with May Day. At Eichstätt, her bones were moved to a rocky niche, which allegedly began to exude a miraculously therapeutic oil, which drew pilgrims to her shrine. Saint Walpurga


See also

* Obereichstaett


References


Sources

*


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Eichstatt Eichstätt (district)