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''Ehretia acuminata'' is a deciduous tree found in
Image:Ehretia acuminata - juvenile.jpg, Ehretia acuminata - juvenile
Image:Ehretia acuminata Blanco1.70-cropped.jpg, Koda
File:厚殼樹 Ehretia acuminata 20210805083404 01.jpg, Aeneous-colored new leaves.
File:厚殼樹 Ehretia acuminata 20210805083404 02.jpg, The red violet petioles and main veins of young leaves.
acuminata @ eFloras.org
* {{Taxonbar, from=Q920691 acuminata Trees of Australia Flora of New South Wales Flora of Queensland Trees of Japan Trees of China Trees of Taiwan Asterids of Australia Trees of Laos Trees of Vietnam Trees of Bhutan Trees of Nepal Japanese fruit
''Ehretia acuminata'' is a deciduous tree found in Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
, China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, Bhutan, Nepal, Laos
Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...
, Vietnam, New Guinea and Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
. Fossil evidence suggests an ancient Laurasia
Laurasia () was the more northern of two large landmasses that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent from around ( Mya), the other being Gondwana. It separated from Gondwana (beginning in the late Triassic period) during the breakup of Pan ...
n origin. This group of plants spread to Australia and South America via Africa, when these continents were still joined.
Commonly known as Koda in Australia, ''Ehretia acuminata'' is a common tree found from near Bega in south east New South Wales to Cape York in far north eastern Australia. The Australian habitat are different forms of rainforest, particularly near the margins or in disturbed areas.
Description
''Ehretia acuminata'' is a medium to large size tree, occasionally reaching 30 metres in height and a 90 cm in trunk diameter. The bark is of a creamy grey colour, with vertical fissures. Koda is often easily identified in winter as being deciduous and of the characteristic flutings at the base of the trunk.Leaves, flowers and fruit
The leaves are alternate and simple, tapering to a tip, finely toothed, 8 to 13 cm long. Smooth and green on both surfaces slightly hairy above. The midrib and lateral veins are distinct on both sides of the leaf, raised beneath. Flowers are white, sweetly scented, in panicles. Individual flowers are without a stalk, about 4 mm in diameter. Flowers appear in September to November in the southern hemisphere. The fruit matures from January to April in Australia, in China in September, being a yellow or orangedrupe
In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin, and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the ''pit'', ''stone'', or '' pyrena'') of hardened endocarp with a seed (''kernel'') ...
, 4 to 5 mm in diameter,
containing four seeds. The fruit is edible to humans with a sweet taste. Fruit are eaten by many rainforest birds, including the Lewin's honeyeater, rose-crowned fruit-dove
The rose-crowned fruit dove (''Ptilinopus regina''), also known as pink-capped fruit dove or Swainson's fruit dove, is a medium-sized, up to 22 cm long, green fruit dove with a grey head and breast, an orange belly, whitish throat, yellow-or ...
, brown cuckoo dove
The brown cuckoo-dove (''Macropygia phasianella'') is a dove in the genus ''Macropygia'' found in Australia from Weipa and Aurukun in the north to Bega in the south, and most inland at Atherton and Toowoomba. It is sometimes called the "brown ...
, wompoo fruit dove
The wompoo fruit dove (''Ptilinopus magnificus''), also known as wompoo pigeon, is one of the larger fruit doves native to New Guinea and eastern Australia.
Taxonomy and systematics
Subspecies
There are generally 7-8 recognised subspecies, ...
and Australasian figbird.
Seed germination is relatively easy. Ensure the flesh is removed from the fruit, and expect rapid germination.
Commercial use
''Ehretia acuminat''a is used for roadside plantings, building and furniture timber, as well as in Traditional Chinese medicine.References
Further reading
* Floyd, A.G., ''Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia'', Inkata Press 1989,External links
acuminata @ eFloras.org
* {{Taxonbar, from=Q920691 acuminata Trees of Australia Flora of New South Wales Flora of Queensland Trees of Japan Trees of China Trees of Taiwan Asterids of Australia Trees of Laos Trees of Vietnam Trees of Bhutan Trees of Nepal Japanese fruit