Edwin Beard Budding (25 August 1796 – 25 September 1846), an

engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who invent, design, analyze, build and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while considering the l ...

born in Eastington, Stroud, was the

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inventor An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition, idea or process. An invention may be an improvement upon a machine, product, or process for increasing efficiency or lowering cost. It may also be an entirely new concept. If an ...

of the lawnmower (1830) and adjustable spanner (1842).

Lawnmower

Budding had the idea of the lawnmower after seeing a machine in a local cloth mill which used a cutting cylinder (or bladed reel) mounted on a bench to trim the irregular nap from the surface of woollen cloth and give a smooth finish. Budding's mower was designed primarily to cut the lawn on sports grounds and extensive gardens, as a superior alternative to the

scythe A scythe ( ) is an agricultural hand tool for mowing grass or harvesting crops. It is historically used to cut down or reap edible grains, before the process of threshing. The scythe has been largely replaced by horse-drawn and then tractor m ...

, and was granted a British patent on 31 August 1830. It took ten more years and further innovations to create a machine that could be worked by animals, and sixty years before a steam-powered lawn mower was built. The first machine produced was 19 inches in width with a frame made of wrought iron. The mower was pushed from behind with motive power coming from the rear land roller which drove gears to transfer the drive to the knives on the cutting cylinder; the ratio was 16:1. There was another roller placed in between the cutting cylinder and the land roller which was adjustable to alter the height of cut. On cutting, the grass clippings were hurled forward into a tray like box. It was soon realized, however, that an extra handle was needed in front of the machine which could be used to help pull it along. Two of the earliest Budding machines sold went to Regent's Park Zoological Gardens in London and the Oxford Colleges. In an agreement between John Ferrabee and Edwin Budding, dated 18 May 1830, Ferrabee paid the costs of development, obtained letters of patent and acquired rights to manufacture, sell and license other manufacturers in the production of lawn mowers. Budding realised that a similar device could be used to cut grass if the mechanism was mounted in a wheeled frame to make the blades rotate close to the lawn's surface. Budding went into partnership with a local engineer, John Ferrabee, and together they made mowers in a factory at

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near Stroud. Examples of the early Budding type mowers can be seen in Stroud Museum, the

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and at Milton Keynes Museum.

Adjustable spanner

Budding is also credited with the invention of the screw adjustable spanner in 1842.

Firearms

Budding's engineering and manufacturing skills also extended to the production of a five-shot percussion revolver having brass manually-rotated barrels in about 1830. "The Book of Guns & Gunsmiths", North & Hogg,

References

External links

How a chance comment during a park walk led to a fascinating journey…
National Development Team for Inclusion, 20 July 2017
Lawn mower lifeline for the gardening hobbyist…
Greenry enthusiast Team published, 27 July 2022 {{DEFAULTSORT:Budding, Edwin Beard 1796 births 1846 deaths 18th-century British engineers English engineers English inventors People from Stroud Lawn mowers