Edward Bożeniec Jełowicki born 1803 in Hubnik now in Western Ukraine, died 10 November 1848 in Vienna, was a Polish landowner, decorated Colonel in the Polish army,

insurgent An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion against authority waged by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare from primarily rural base areas. The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric warfare, asymmetric na ...

, officer in the Foreign Legion and commander of the Vienna artillery. He was an engineer and inventor.

Biography

Family

Descended from Ruthenian aristocracy, his family had been integrated into the Polish

Szlachta The ''szlachta'' (Polish: endonym, Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth who, as a class, had the dominating position in the ...

and converted from

Orthodoxy Orthodoxy (from Greek: ) is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion. Orthodoxy within Christianity refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and ecumenical councils in Antiquity, but different Churc ...

Roman Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...

during the

Republic of Two Nations A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th c ...

. Edward was the eldest son of Wacław Jełowicki and his wife Franciszka née Izdebska. He had two younger brothers, the publisher, writer and priest, Aleksander and Eustachy and a sister, Hortensja, who married Piotr

Sobański The Sobański, plural: Sobańscy, feminine form: Sobańska is a Polish noble family. The family originated from Masovia, taking their name from the village Sobania and Sobanice in the land of Wyszogród and Ciechanów. Connected with the families ...

Career

An alumnus of the Vienna Theresian Military Academy, he was elected Marshal of the

Haisyn Haisyn or Haysyn ( uk, Га́йсин, Haysyn; pl, Hajsyn; russian: Га́йсин, Gaysin) is a city in central Ukraine, the administrative center of the Haisyn Raion in Vinnytsia Oblast. Its population is It is located in the eastern part of ...

district. He took a leading part in the

November Uprising The November Uprising (1830–31), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in the heartland of partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. The uprising began on 29 November 1830 in W ...

in Ukraine, with his father and two brothers, until its undoing in 1831 when with his younger brother, Aleksander, he evaded capture by escaping into Austria-Hungary. After much travel across Europe and Algeria, he pursued further studies at the postgraduate École d’état-major in Paris and the Ecole Centrale Paris. In 1836 during a quiet spell in London, he designed and took out two British Patents on his

Steam turbine A steam turbine is a machine that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. Its modern manifestation was invented by Charles Parsons in 1884. Fabrication of a modern steam turbin ...

, one being in England. The other patent was granted in Edinburgh for "certain improvements to his steam engine", on 16 July 1836. Back in Paris he frequented Adam Mickiewicz, whose Paris publisher was Edward's brother, Aleksander Jełowicki. Like his brother, he was also a friend of Frederic Chopin. Caught up in the Spring of Nations that swept over Europe in 1848, he was executed in Vienna on the order of Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz. He left a widow and two children.

Distinctions

* Order of Virtuti Militari * Légion d'Honneur

References

External links

The Gocla collection Museum of Warsaw has a bronze medallion of Edward Jełowicki

British Museum information entry

- Genealogy of Edward Jełowicki in Polish
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jełowicki, Edward 1803 births 1848 deaths Dukes of Poland Polish nobility Members of Polish government (November Uprising) Activists of the Great Emigration Polish Army officers École Centrale Paris alumni Polish exiles Polish inventors Mechanical engineers Polish Roman Catholics Recipients of the Virtuti Militari Executed Polish people 19th-century executions by Austria Polish recipients of the Legion of Honour Engineers from the Austrian Empire