Tarhana herb or Turkish pickling herb, ''Echinophora sibthorpiana'' or ''Echinophora tenuifolia'' L. subsp. ''sibthorpiana'' (Guss.) Tutin (
Turkish
Turkish may refer to:
*a Turkic language spoken by the Turks
* of or about Turkey
** Turkish language
*** Turkish alphabet
** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation
*** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey
*** Turkish communities and mi ...
''çörtük''), is a
herb
In general use, herbs are a widely distributed and widespread group of plants, excluding vegetables and other plants consumed for macronutrients, with savory or aromatic properties that are used for flavoring and garnishing food, for medicinal ...
sometimes used as a flavoring in
tarhana
Tarhana is a dried food ingredient, based on a fermented mixture of grain and yoghurt or fermented milk, found in the cuisines of Central Asia, Southeast Europe and the Middle East. Dry tarhana has a texture of coarse, uneven crumbs, and it i ...
and in
pickles. It may also improve the
fermentation
Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it is narrowly defined as the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen. In food ...
of tarhana. (Deghirmencioghlu 2005)
The primary
essential oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils, aetheroleum, or simply as the o ...
s it contains are
δ-3-carene,
methyleugenol, and
α-phellandrene. (Özcan 2003)
Some authors indicate that ''
Hippomarathrum cristatum'' is the "tarhana herb".
[Charles Perry, "Trakhanas Revisited", ''Petits Propos Culinaires'' 55:34 (1997?)]
References
Sources
* Nurcan Deghirmencioghlu ''et al.'', "Influence of Tarhana Herb on Tarhana Fermentation", ''Food Technology and Biotechnology'' 43:2:175–179 (2005)
* M. Özcan, A. Akgül, "Essential oil composition of Turkish pickling herb (Echinophora tenuifolia L. subsp. sibthorpiana (Guss.) Tutin)", ''Acta Botanica Hungarica'' 45:1-2:163-167 (May 2003)
Edible Apiaceae
Herbs
sibthorpiana
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