''Echinoderma'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''

Lepiota ''Lepiota'' is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All ''Lepiota'' species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically ...

'' and the group was then

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

by French mycologist

Marcel Bon Marcel Bon (17 March 1925 – 11 May 2014)http://fmbds.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/CAFAM-2014-CR-complet.pdf was one of France's best known field mycologists. He was born in Picardy in 1925 and came to mycology through general botany, and ph ...

in 1981 as a

subgenus In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...

of ''

Cystolepiota ''Cystolepiota'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by mycologist Rolf Singer in 1952, who originally included three species: ''Cystolepiota brunneotin ...

'' before he raised it to generic status in 1991.

General

This genus belongs to a group of genera allied to ''

'' with a white spore print, free (or almost free) gills, stipe easily separable from the cap and having a partial veil. Amongst the Agaricaceae it is characterized by the white spore powder, cap skin microscopically an

epithelium Epithelium or epithelial tissue is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. It is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with a little intercellul ...

with rounded cells, and a brownish cap and stipe, with brown scales. The name comes from the Greek "echinos" (ἐχῖνος) meaning a hedgehog or sea-urchin and "derma" (δέρμα) meaning skin, referring to the spiny cap surface. The noun "derma" is neuter and therefore if the species name is an adjective, it needs to take the neuter ending (example: ''Echinoderma asperum'').

Species

*''

Echinoderma asperum ''Echinoderma asperum'' or ''Lepiota aspera'', sometimes known commonly as the freckled dapperling, is a large, brownish, white-gilled mushroom, with a warty or scaly cap. It lives in woodland, or on bark chips in parks, and gardens. Taxonomy ...

'' (Pers.) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma boertmannii ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Knudsen) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma bonii ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' C.E.Hermos. & Jul.Sánchez 1999 *''

Echinoderma calcicola ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Knudsen) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma carinii ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Bres.) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma echinaceum ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (J.E.Lange) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma efibulis ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Knudsen) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma hystrix ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (F.H.Møller & J.E.Lange) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma jacobi ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Vellinga & Knudsen) Gminder 2003 *''

Echinoderma perplexum ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Knudsen) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma pseudoasperulum ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as a subgenus of ''Cystolepiot ...

'' (Knudsen) Bon 1991 *''

Echinoderma rubellum ''Echinoderma'' is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Its members were for a long time considered to belong to genus ''Lepiota'' and the group was then circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed by French mycologist Marcel Bon in 1981 as ...

'' (Bres.) Migl. 2000

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q80469 Agaricaceae Agaricales genera

General

Species

See also

References