In the
Eurocode series of
European standards
European Standards (abbreviated EN, from the German name ("European Norm")) are technical standards which have been ratified by one of the three European standards organizations: European Committee for Standardization (CEN), European Committee for ...
(EN) related to
construction
Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form objects, systems, or organizations,"Construction" def. 1.a. 1.b. and 1.c. ''Oxford English Dictionary'' Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) Oxford University Press 2009 and com ...
, ''Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design'' (abbreviated EN 1997 or, informally, EC 7) describes how to design
geotechnical
Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics for the solution of its respective engineering problems. It als ...
structure
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ...
s, using the
limit state design
Limit State Design (LSD), also known as Load And Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), refers to a design method used in structural engineering. A limit state is a condition of a structure beyond which it no longer fulfills the relevant design criteria ...
philosophy. It is published in two parts; "General rules" and "Ground investigation and testing". It was approved by the
European Committee for Standardization
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN, french: Comité Européen de Normalisation) is a public standards organization whose mission is to foster the economy of the European Single Market and the wider European continent in global tr ...
(CEN) on 12 June 2006. Like other
Eurocodes, it became mandatory in member states in March 2010.
Eurocode 7 is intended to:
*be used in conjunction with
EN 1990
En or EN may refer to:
Businesses
* Bouygues (stock symbol EN)
* Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway (reporting mark EN, but now known as Southern Railway of Vancouver Island)
* Euronews, a news television and internet channel
Language and writing
* E ...
, which establishes the principles and requirements for safety and serviceability, describes the basis of design and verification and gives guidelines for related aspects of structural reliability,
*be applied to the geotechnical aspects of the design of buildings and civil engineering works and it is concerned with the requirements for strength, stability, serviceability and durability of structures.
Eurocode 7 is composed of the following parts
Part 1: General rules
EN 1997-1 is intended to be used as a general basis for the geotechnical aspects of the design of buildings and civil engineering works.
Contents
* General
* Basis of design
* Geotechnical data
* Supervision of construction, monitoring and maintenance
* Fill,
dewatering
Dewatering is the removal of water from a location. This may be done by wet classification, centrifugation, filtration, or similar solid-liquid separation processes, such as removal of residual liquid from a filter cake by a filter press as part ...
, ground improvement and reinforcement
* Spread foundations
*
Deep foundation
A deep foundation is a type of foundation that transfers building loads to the earth farther down from the surface than a shallow foundation does to a subsurface layer or a range of depths. A pile or piling is a vertical structural element ...
(pile foundations)
* Anchorages
* Retaining structures
*
Hydraulic failure
Hydraulics (from Greek: Υδραυλική) is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids. At a very basic level, hydraulics is the liquid coun ...
* Overall stability
*
Embankment
Embankment may refer to:
Geology and geography
* A levee, an artificial bank raised above the immediately surrounding land to redirect or prevent flooding by a river, lake or sea
* Embankment (earthworks), a raised bank to carry a road, railwa ...
s
EN 1997-1 is accompanied by Annexes A to J, which provide:
*Annex A Recommended partial safety factor values; different values of the partial factors may be set by the National annex.
*Annexes B to J Supplementary informative guidance such as internationally applied calculation methods.
Part 2: Ground investigation and testing
EN 1997-2 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1997-1 and provides rules supplementary to EN 1997-1 related to planning and reporting of ground investigations, general requirements for a range of commonly used laboratory and field tests, interpretation and evaluation of test results and derivation of values of geotechnical parameters and coefficients.
Part 3: Design assisted by field testing
There is no longer a Part 3. It was amalgamated into EN 1997-2
References
External links
Eurocodes: Building the FutureThe European Commission Website on the EN Eurocodes
Eurocodes ExpertUK construction industry website with comprehensive information and support resources for implementation of the BS EN Eurocodes.
A Designers' Simple Guide to BS EN 1997UK design guide with several worked examples using EN 1997.
EN 1997: Geotechnical designEN 1997: Geotechnical design - "Eurocodes: Background and applications" workshop
Geology
Geotechnical engineering
Civil engineering
#01997
Reinforced concrete
7
2010 in the European Union
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