EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 also known as F4/80 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
encoded by the ''ADGRE1''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
EMR1 is a member of the
adhesion GPCR family.
Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing
(GAIN) domain.
EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells. The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations. The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR1 contains 4-6 Epidermal Growth Factor-like (
EGF-like
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR. Human EGF is 6-k Da and has 53 amino acid residues and three intramolecular disulfide bonds.
EGF was originally desc ...
) domains in human and 4-7 EGF-like domains in the mouse.
Function
Utilizing F4/80 knockout mice, Lin et al. showed that F4/80 is not necessary for the development of tissue macrophages but is required for the induction of efferent CD8
+ regulatory T cells needed for peripheral tolerance.
Clinical significance
Legrand et al. demonstrated that EMR1 can serve as a therapeutic target for depletion of these cells in eosinophilic disorders by using afucosylated antibodies.
See also
*
EGF module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor
References
External links
GPCR consortium
{{Use dmy dates, date=April 2017
G protein-coupled receptors