__NOTOC__
Douglas K. Ousterhout is a retired
craniofacial surgeon who practiced in
San Francisco
San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...
,
CA, United States. His specialty was
facial feminization surgery
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is a set of reconstructive surgical procedures that alter typically male facial features to bring them closer in shape and size to typical female facial features. FFS can include various bony and soft tissue proced ...
for
trans women
A trans woman or a transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth. Trans women have a female gender identity, may experience gender dysphoria, and may transition; this process commonly includes hormone replacement therapy and s ...
, and he was widely considered the foremost facial feminization surgeon in the United States.
Ousterhout also pioneered facial masculinization surgery for people undergoing female-to-male gender reassignment. Ousterhout received MD and DDS degrees from the University of Michigan Ann Arbor. He is a voluntary
clinical professor
Clinical professor, sometimes known as professor of practice, is an academic appointment made to a member of a profession who is associated with a university or other academic body, and engages in practical (clinical) instruction of students ( ...
of surgery in the School of Medicine and an adjunct professor of dentistry in the Dental School at University of California, San Francisco.
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) began in 1982 when Darrell Pratt, a plastic surgeon who performed
sex reassignment surgeries, approached Ousterhout with a request from a trans woman, a patient of Pratt's who wanted plastic surgery to make her face appear more feminine, since people still reacted to her as though she were a man.
Ousterhout's prior practice had involved reconstructing faces and skulls of people who had suffered birth defects, accidents or other trauma.
[ Ousterhout was interested in helping but knew that he didn't know what a "female face" was, so he investigated by first reading the physical anthropology from the early 20th century to identify what features were "female", then by deriving measurements defining those features from a series of ]cephalogram
A cephalogram is an X-ray of the craniofacial area. A cephalometric analysis
Cephalometric analysis is the clinical application of cephalometry. It is analysis of the dental and skeletal relationships of a human skull. It is frequently used ...
s taken in the 1970s, and then by working with a set of several hundred skulls to see if he could reliably differentiate which were females and which were males using those measurements. Ousterhout then began working out what surgical techniques and materials he already used that he could apply in order to transform a male face into a female face; he pioneered most of the procedures involved in FFS and was involved in their subsequent improvements as well.[
FFS generally involves advancing the hairline, making the forehead smaller and rounder, reducing the ]brow ridge
The brow ridge, or supraorbital ridge known as superciliary arch in medicine, is a bony ridge located above the eye sockets of all primates. In humans, the eyebrows are located on their lower margin.
Structure
The brow ridge is a nodule or crest ...
, shortening and narrowing the nose, shortening the upper lip, shortening the chin, narrowing the jaw, and reducing the laryngeal prominence
The Adam's apple or laryngeal prominence is the protrusion in the human neck formed by the angle of the thyroid cartilage surrounding the larynx, typically visible in men, less frequently in women.
Structure
The topographic structure which is e ...
. As of 2006 there were only about twelve surgeons in the world performing FFS.[
Notable Ousterhout patients who have written about their surgery include ]Lynn Conway
Lynn Ann Conway (born January 2, 1938) is an American computer scientist, electrical engineer and transgender activist.
She worked at IBM in the 1960s and invented generalized dynamic instruction handling, a key advance used in out-of-or ...
, Andrea James
Andrea Jean James (born January 16, 1967) is an American transgender rights activist, film producer, and blogger.
Education
James grew up in Franklin, Indiana,Bartner, Amy (June 3, 2016)"Transgender activist amid Hollywood's transition" ''In ...
, and Nicole Hamilton.
Wine
Ousterhout and wife Nancy also own and manage Ousterhout Wine and Vineyards. ''Wine & Spirits
''Wine & Spirits'' is an American wine magazine. With offices in New York and San Francisco, the magazine publishes eight issues annually.
History and profile
The magazine was started under the name ''Winestate's Wine & Spirits Buying Guide''. In ...
'' website featured their 2012 Zinfandel as part of National Zinfandel Day in 2015 and their 2011 Zinfandel as part of the 2014 California Wine Month celebration.
Personal life
Ousterhout lived in the ''Mrs. Doubtfire
''Mrs. Doubtfire'' is a 1993 American comedy-drama film directed by Chris Columbus. It was written for the screen by Randi Mayem Singer and Leslie Dixon, based on the 1987 novel ''Alias Madame Doubtfire'' by Anne Fine. Robin Williams, who also s ...
'' home, which he bought in 1997. The title character in the movie, played by Robin Williams
Robin McLaurin Williams (July 21, 1951August 11, 2014) was an American actor and comedian. Known for his improvisational skills and the wide variety of characters he created on the spur of the moment and portrayed on film, in dramas and come ...
, is a divorced man who pretends to be an older female nanny so he can be around his children. Ousterhout briefly knew Williams and liked the connection, explaining, "I turn boys' faces into girls' faces. It seemed only natural." In 2015, a disgruntled former patient tried to set the front door on fire.[
]
See also
* Jordan Deschamps-Braly
Publications
*
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ousterhout, Douglas
Living people
American plastic surgeons
Surgeons specializing in transgender medicine
University of Michigan Medical School alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)