The Districts and Sub-districts of
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...
formed the first and second levels of administrative division and existed through the whole era of Mandatory Palestine, namely from 1920 to 1948. The number and territorial extent of the districts varied over time, as did their subdivision into sub-districts.
In Arabic, a district was known as a ''minṭaqah'' (منطقة, plural ''manaṭiq'' مناطق), while in Hebrew it was known as a ''mahoz'' (מחוז, plural ''mehozot'' מחוזות).
Each district had an administration headed by a District Governor, a role renamed as District Commissioner in 1925. Sub-districts were managed by an Assistant District Commissioner. They were aided by a District Officer, who was typically either Jewish or Arab, based on the ethnic make-up of the sub-district.
By the end of the mandate period, Palestine was divided into 6 districts and 16 subdistricts.
Administrative divisions prior to 1922
During the
Ottoman period, Palestine was divided into different provinces, each centered around a main city: Safed, Acre, Nablus, Jerusalem and Gaza. These provinces contained sub-districts centered around provincial towns. For example, during the 18th and 19th centuries, sub-district of
Lod encompassed the area between
Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut
Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut ( he, מוֹדִיעִין-מַכַּבִּים-רֵעוּת) is an Israeli city located in central Israel, about southeast of Tel Aviv and west of Jerusalem, and is connected to those two cities via Highway 443. In t ...
in the south to the present-day city of
El'ad
El'ad, also spelled Elad ( he, אלעד), is a city in the Central District of Israel. In the 1990s, it was built for a Haredi Jewish population and to a lesser extent, it was also built for a Religious Zionist Jewish population. Located about ...
in the north, and from the foothills in the east, through the Lod Valley to the outskirts of
Jaffa
Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo ( he, יָפוֹ, ) and in Arabic Yafa ( ar, يَافَا) and also called Japho or Joppa, the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel. Jaffa is known for its association with the b ...
in the west. This area was home to thousands of inhabitants in about 20 villages, who had at their disposal tens of thousands of hectares of prime agricultural land.
Until June 1920, Palestine was under a formal military regime called
O.E.T.A. (South). Initially the country was divided into 13 administrative districts, reduced to 10 in 1919, each under a military government.
At the start of 1920 there were 9 districts: Jerusalem, Jaffa, Hebron, Jenin, Safed, Acre, Tiberias, Tulkarem and Beersheba, but this division was modified by the following month to Jerusalem, Haifa, Hebron, Jenin, Nablus, Safed, Acre, Tiberias, Galilee, Tulkarem and Beersheba.
The division was revised after the adoption of a civilian administration in the middle of 1920. In September 1920, the districts were Jerusalem, Galilee, Phoenicia (formerly Haifa), Samaria, Jaffa, Gaza and Beersheva.
Administrative divisions in 1922
In July 1922, administrations of the districts of Phoenicia and Galilee were combined, as were the districts of Jerusalem and Jaffa, and the districts of Gaza and Beersheba.
[Official Gazette of the Government of Palestine, No. 70, July 1, 1922.] Some reassignment of sub-districts also occurred.
[
At the time of the October, 1922, census of Palestine, there were four districts divided into 18 sub-districts.
*Southern District
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
** Hebron Sub-district
*Jerusalem-Jaffa District
** Bethlehem Sub-district
** Jaffa Division
::* Jaffa Sub-district
::* Ramleh Sub-district
:* Jericho Sub-district
:* Jerusalem Sub-district
:* Ramallah Sub-district
*Samaria District
** Baisan Sub-district
** Jenin Sub-district
** Nablus Sub-district
** Tulkarem Sub-district
*Northern District
** Acre Sub-district
** Haifa Sub-district
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
]
Administrative divisions in 1924–1925
A proclamation of June 1924 divided the country into three districts with 18 sub-districts.
*Southern District
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
** Hebron Sub-district
*Jerusalem-Jaffa District
** Jerusalem Division
*** Bethlehem Sub-district
*** Jericho Sub-district
*** Jerusalem Sub-district
*** Ramallah Sub-district
** Jaffa Division
*** Jaffa Sub-district
*** Ramleh Sub-district
*Northern District
** Acre Sub-district
** Baisan Sub-district
** Haifa Sub-district
** Jenin Sub-district
** Nablus Sub-district
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
** Tulkarem Sub-district
In August 1925, the Southern and Jerusalem-Jaffa Districts were combined into the Jerusalem-Southern District.
Administrative divisions in 1927
In July 1927, the divisions were proclaimed to consist of two districts and one division, divided into 18 sub-districts.
*Southern District
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
** Hebron Sub-district
** Jaffa Sub-district
** Ramleh Sub-district
*Jerusalem Division
** Bethlehem Sub-district
** Jericho Sub-district
** Jerusalem Sub-district
** Ramallah Sub-district
*Northern District
** Acre Sub-district
** Baisan Sub-district
** Haifa Sub-district
** Jenin Sub-district
** Nablus Sub-district
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
** Tulkarem Sub-district
Administrative divisions in 1931
In October 1931, the Hebron Sub-district was combined with the Jerusalem Division to form the Jerusalem District. This was the subdivision at the time of the November 1931 census of Palestine.
Administrative divisions in 1937
In July 1937, but not gazetted until October, Administrative Divisions (Amendment) Proclamation divided the Northern District into two districts.
*Southern District
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
** Jaffa Sub-district
** Ramleh Sub-district
*Jerusalem District
** Bethlehem Sub-district
** Hebron Sub-district
** Jericho Sub-district
** Jerusalem Sub-district
** Ramallah Sub-district
*Haifa and Samaria District
** Haifa Sub-district
** Jenin Sub-district
** Nablus Sub-district
** Tulkarm Sub-district
*Galilee and Acre District
** Acre Sub-district
** Baisan Sub-district
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
Administrative divisions in 1938–1940
In 1938, the Beersheba and Gaza sub-districts were separated from the Southern District. Then in 1939, the Administrative Division (Amendment) Proclamation reshaped the country into six districts. The name of the Galilee and Acre District was changed to Galilee District in December. Some minor adjustments were made in December 1940.
*Gaza District
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
*Lydda District
** Jaffa Sub-district
** Ramleh Sub-district
*Jerusalem District
** Bethlehem Sub-district
** Hebron Sub-district
** Jericho Sub-district
** Jerusalem Sub-district
** Ramallah Sub-district
*Samaria District
** Jenin Sub-district
** Nablus Sub-district
** Tulkarm Sub-district
*Haifa District
** Haifa Sub-district
*Galilee District
** Acre Sub-district
** Baisan Sub-district
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
Administrative divisions in 1942–1945
The Administrative Divisions (Amendment) Proclamation, 1942 reduced the number of sub-districts of the Jerusalem District to three, merging the Bethlehem and Jericho sub-districts into the Jerusalem sub-district.[ Further minor adjustments were made in 1945.][Government of Palestine, Supplement No. 2 to The Palestine Gazette No. 1415 of 7 June 1945, pp. 621–629.] This division was retained by the State of Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
until 1953, where district boundaries were redrawn to their modern form.
* Gaza District
Gaza District was one of the districts of Mandatory Palestine
The Districts and Sub-districts of Mandatory Palestine formed the first and second levels of administrative division and existed through the whole era of Mandatory Palestine, namely ...
** Beersheba Sub-district
** Gaza Sub-district
* Lydda District
** Jaffa Sub-district
** Ramle Sub-district
* Jerusalem District
The Jerusalem District ( he, מחוז ירושלים; ar, منطقة القدس) is one of the six administrative districts of Israel. The district capital is Jerusalem. The Jerusalem District has a land area of 652 km2. The population of ...
** Hebron Sub-district
** Jerusalem Sub-district
** Ramallah Sub-district
* Samaria District
** Jenin Sub-district
The Jenin Subdistrict was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Jenin. After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the district disintegrated.
Depopulated towns and villages
(current localities in parenthese ...
** Nablus Sub-district
Nablus ( ; ar, نابلس, Nābulus ; he, שכם, Šəḵem, ISO 259-3: ; Samaritan Hebrew: , romanized: ; el, Νεάπολις, Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a populatio ...
** Tulkarm Sub-district
The Tulkarm Subdistrict was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Tulkarm. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict disintegrated, the western part became part of the Central District of Israel ...
* Haifa District
Haifa District ( he, מחוז חיפה, ''Mehoz Ḥeifa''; ar, منطقة حيفا) is an administrative district surrounding the city of Haifa, Israel. The district is one of the seven administrative districts of Israel, and its capital is Ha ...
** Haifa Sub-district
* Galilee District
Galilee (; he, הַגָּלִיל, hagGālīl; ar, الجليل, al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon. Galilee traditionally refers to the mountainous part, divided into Upper Galilee (, ; , ) and Lower Galile ...
** Acre Sub-district
** Beisan Sub-district
The Beisan Subdistrict ( ar, قضاء بيسان, he, נפת ביסאן) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Baysan. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict disintegrated; most of it beca ...
** Nazareth Sub-district
** Safad Sub-district
** Tiberias Sub-district
See also
* Districts of Israel
There are six main administrative districts of Israel, known in Hebrew as ''mekhozot'' (; singular: ''makhoz'' ) and Arabic as '' mintaqah'' and fifteen sub-districts known as ''nafot'' (; singular: ''nafa'' ). Each sub-district is further divid ...
* Governorates of the Palestinian National Authority
The Governorates of Palestine are the administrative divisions of the State of Palestine.
After the signing of the Oslo Accords, the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip were divided into three areas ( Area A, Area B, and Area C) and 16 gov ...
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Districts Of The British Mandate Of Palestine
Districts of Mandatory Palestine,
Mandatory Palestine