![Decreto dittaura garibaldi](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Decreto_dittaura_garibaldi.JPG)
The Dictatorship of Garibaldi or Dictatorial Government of Sicily was the provisional
executive
Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to:
Role or title
* Executive, a senior management role in an organization
** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators
** Executive dir ...
that
Giuseppe Garibaldi appointed to govern the territory of
Sicily
(man) it, Siciliana (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 = Ethnicity
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographi ...
during the
Expedition of the Thousand
The Expedition of the Thousand ( it, Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the Italian Risorgimento that took place in 1860. A corps of volunteers led by Giuseppe Garibaldi sailed from Quarto, near Genoa (now Quarto dei Mille) and landed in Mars ...
in 1860. It governed in opposition to the
Bourbons of Naples.
History
On 14 May 1860 in
Salemi
Salemi is a town and ''comune'' in southwestern Sicily, Italy, administratively part of the province of Trapani.
History
Salemi is where Giuseppe Garibaldi announced the annexation of Sicily on May 14, 1860, as part of the Expedition of the T ...
, Garibaldi announced that he was assuming
dictatorship
A dictatorship is a form of government which is characterized by a leader, or a group of leaders, which holds governmental powers with few to no limitations on them. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Politics in a dictatorship a ...
over Sicily, in the name of
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
en, Victor Emmanuel Maria Albert Eugene Ferdinand Thomas
, house = Savoy
, father = Charles Albert of Sardinia
, mother = Maria Theresa of Austria
, religion = Roman Catholicism
, image_size = 252px
, succession1 ...
. On 17 May,
Francesco Crispi was appointed First Secretary of State.
The
Redshirts advanced to
Palermo, the capital of the island, and
launched a siege on 27 May. On 2 June 1860 in Palermo were appointed four secretaries of State and created six
departments. Created the Sicilian Army and a fleet of the government of Sicily.
The pace of Garibaldi's victories had worried
Cavour, who in early July sent him a proposal of immediate annexation of Sicily to
Piedmont
it, Piemontese
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title =
, population_blank1 =
, demographics_type1 =
, demographics1_footnotes =
, demographics1_title1 =
, demographics1_info1 =
, demographics1_title2 ...
. Garibaldi, however, refused vehemently to allow such a move until the end of the war. Cavour's envoy,
Giuseppe La Farina, was arrested and expelled from the island. He was replaced by the more malleable
Agostino Depretis, who gained Garibaldi's trust and was appointed as pro-dictator.
Agostino Depretis in ''Dizionario Biografico – Treccani''
/ref>
The dictatorial government ended 2 December 1860, while November, 4, the annexation of the Kingdom of Italy
The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and f ...
was ratified by the popular plebiscite of 21 October.
First Secretary of State
* Francesco Crispi (17 May – 18 July 1860)
* Giuseppe Sirtori (18–22 July 1860) pro-dictator
* Agostino Depretis (22 July – 14 September 1860) pro-dictator
* Antonio Mordini (17 September – 2 December 1860) pro-dictator
See also
*Expedition of the Thousand
The Expedition of the Thousand ( it, Spedizione dei Mille) was an event of the Italian Risorgimento that took place in 1860. A corps of volunteers led by Giuseppe Garibaldi sailed from Quarto, near Genoa (now Quarto dei Mille) and landed in Mars ...
* Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
* Kingdom of Sicily
* Sicilian revolution of 1848
Notes
Sources
*
*
{{Sicily
Italian unification
1860 in Italy
19th century in Sicily
Giuseppe Garibaldi
1860 establishments in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
States and territories established in 1860
States and territories disestablished in 1860