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The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant
The subfamily Detarioideae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
(legume
A legume () is a plant in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seed of such a plant. When used as a dry grain, the seed is also called a pulse. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, for livestock f ...
s). This subfamily includes many tropical trees, some of which are used for timber or have ecological importance. The subfamily consists of 84 genera, most of which are native to Africa and Asia. Pride of Burma (''Amherstia nobilis'') and tamarind
Tamarind (''Tamarindus indica'') is a Legume, leguminous tree bearing edible fruit that is probably indigenous to tropical Africa. The genus ''Tamarindus'' is monotypic taxon, monotypic, meaning that it contains only this species. It belongs ...
(''Tamarindus indica'') are two of the most notable species in Detarioideae. It has the following clade-based definition:
The most inclusive crown clade containing '' Goniorrhachis marginata'' Taub. and '' Aphanocalyx cynometroides'' Oliv., but not ''Cercis canadensis ''Cercis canadensis'', the eastern redbud, is a large deciduous shrub or small tree, native to eastern North America from southern Michigan south to central Mexico, east to New Jersey. Species thrive as far west as California and as far north as ...'' L., '' Duparquetia orchidacea'' Baill., or '' Bobgunnia fistuloides'' (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema.
Taxonomy
Detarioideae comprises the following tribes and genera:Schotieae
* ''Schotia
''Schotia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Detarioideae. It occurs in southern Africa. The genus was named for Richard van der Schot by Jacquin who was the director of the Imperial Ga ...
'' Jacq.
Barnebydendreae
* '' Barnebydendron'' J.H.Kirkbr. * '' Goniorrhachis'' Taub.Detarieae
* '' Augouardia'' Pellegr. * '' Baikiaea'' Benth. * '' Brandzeia'' Baill. * '' Colophospermum'' J. Kirk ex J. Léonard * ''Copaifera
''Copaifera'' is a genus of tropical plants in the legume family Fabaceae.
The scientific name means "copal-bearer" (or more accurately, ''copaiba''-bearer), since economically important resins and essential oils can be acquired from them. The ...
'' L.
* '' Daniellia'' Benn.
* '' Detarium'' Juss.
* '' Eperua'' Aubl.
* '' Eurypetalum'' Harms
* '' Gilletiodendron'' Vermoesen
* ''Guibourtia
''Guibourtia'' is a flowering plant genus in the family Fabaceae, also known by the common names as Rhodesian copalwood, African Rosewood, Amazique, Bubinga, Kevazingo, and Ovangkol. Scientific Name being Guibourtia spp.
Description
''Guibourt ...
'' Benn.
* ''Hardwickia
''Hardwickia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the subfamily Detarioideae of the legumes. The only species is the Anjan, ''Hardwickia binata'', a tree which is native to India, and which grows to height of 25-30 meters. This plant gen ...
'' Roxb.
* '' Hylodendron'' Taub.
* ''Hymenaea
''Hymenaea'' is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. Of the fourteen living species in the genus, all but one are native to the tropics of the Americas, with one additional species (''Hymenaea verrucosa'') on the east coast of Afr ...
'' L.
* '' Neoapaloxylon'' Rauschert
* ''Peltogyne
''Peltogyne'', commonly known as purpleheart, violet wood, amaranth and other local names (often referencing the colour of the wood) is a genus of 23 species of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae; native to tropical rainforests of Central ...
'' Vogel
* '' Prioria'' Griseb.
* '' Sindora'' Miq.
* '' Sindoropsis'' J. Léonard
* '' Stemonocoleus'' Harms
* '' Tessmannia'' Harms
Saraceae
* '' Endertia'' Steenis & de Wit * '' Leucostegane'' Prain * '' Lysidice'' Hance * ''Saraca
''Saraca'' L. is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae ( legume family) of about 20 plant species of trees native to the lands from India, China and Ceylon to Malaysia and Sulawesi.
This plant can be grown outdoors in distinc ...
'' L.
Afzelieae
* ''Afzelia
''Afzelia'' is a genus of plants in family Fabaceae. The thirteen species all are trees, native to tropical Africa or Asia.
The genus name of ''Afzelia'' is in honour of Adam Afzelius (1750–1837), a Swedish botanist and an apostle of Carl Lin ...
'' Sm.
* '' Brodriguesia'' R.S. Cowan
* ''Intsia
''Intsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Selected species
* '' Intsia acuminata'' Merr. (the Philippines)
* ''Intsia bijuga'' (Colebr.) Kuntze (Southeast Asia, Pacific Islands)
* '' Intsia moeleri'' Veill.
* ''Intsia pa ...
'' Thouars
Amherstieae
* ''Amherstia
''Amherstia nobilis'' ( my, သော်ကကြီး ; the Pride of Burma, in the family Fabaceae) is a tropical tree with large, showy flowers. It is the only member of the genus ''Amherstia''. It is widely cultivated for ornament in the hu ...
'' Wall.
* '' Annea'' Mackinder & Wieringa
* '' Anthonotha'' P. Beauv.
* '' Aphanocalyx'' Oliver
* ''Berlinia
''Berlinia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It includes 21 species of trees native to sub-Saharan Africa, ranging from Guinea to Chad, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Angola.
Species of ''Berlina'' grow in the Guineo–Congol ...
'' Sol. ex Hook. f.
* '' Bikinia'' Wieringa
* '' Brachycylix'' (Harms) R.S. Cowan
* ''Brachystegia
''Brachystegia'' is a genus of tree of the subfamily Detarioideae that is native to tropical Africa.
Trees of the genus are commonly known as miombo, and are dominant in the miombo woodlands of central and southern tropical Africa. The Zambezian ...
'' Benth.
* '' Brownea'' Jacq.
* '' Browneopsis'' Huber
* '' Crudia'' Schreb.
* ''Cryptosepalum
''Cryptosepalum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. There are 12 species, mostly trees. They are native to sub-Saharan Africa,Van Der Burgt, X. M., Poundje, M., & Sene, O. (2014)''Cryptosepalum korupense'' Burgt, sp. nov.(Le ...
'' Benth.
* ''Cynometra
''Cynometra'' is genus of tropical forest trees with a pantropical distribution. It is particularly important as a forest component in west Africa and the neotropics. '' Cynometra alexandri'' (muhimbi) is a familiar timber tree of central and ea ...
'' L.
* '' Dicymbe'' Spruce ex Benth. & Hook. f.
* '' Didelotia'' Baill.
* '' Ecuadendron'' D.A. Neill
* '' Elizabetha'' Schomb. ex Benth.
* '' Englerodendron'' Harms
* '' Gabonius'' Wieringa & Mackinder
* '' Gilbertiodendron'' J. Léonard
* '' Heterostemon'' Desf.
* '' Humboldtia'' Vahl
* '' Hymenostegia'' (Benth.) Harms
* '' Icuria'' Wieringa
* ''Isoberlinia
''Isoberlinia'' is a genus in the family Fabaceae of five species of tree native to the hotter parts of tropical Africa. They are an important component of miombo woodlands. The leaves have three or four pairs of large leaflets and stout seed ...
'' Craib & Stapf ex Holland
* '' Isomacrolobium'' Aubrév. & Pellegr.
* ''Julbernardia
''Julbernardia'' is a genus of plants in the family Fabaceae. There are eight species found in tropical Africa. They are medium-sized trees.
Species accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of February 2021:
*'' Julbernardia baumii''
*' ...
'' Pellegr.
* '' Lebruniodendron'' J. Léonard
* '' Leonardoxa'' Aubrév.
* '' Librevillea'' Hoyle
* '' Loesenera'' Harms
* '' Macrolobium'' Schreb.
* '' Maniltoa'' Scheff.
* '' Michelsonia'' Hauman
* '' Micklethwaitia'' G.P. Lewis & Schrire
* '' Microberlinia'' A. Chev.
* '' Neochevalierodendron'' J. Léonard
* '' Normandiodendron'' J. Léonard
* '' Oddoniodendron'' De Wild.
* '' Paloue'' Aubl.
* '' Paloveopsis'' R.S. Cowan
* '' Paramacrolobium'' J.Léonard
* '' Plagiosiphon'' Harms
* '' Polystemonanthus'' Harms
* '' Pseudomacrolobium'' Hauman
* '' Scorodophloeus'' Harms
* '' Talbotiella'' Baker f.
* '' Tamarindus'' L.
* '' Tetraberlinia'' (Harms) Hauman
* '' Zenkerella'' Taub.
Phylogenetics
Detarioideae exhibits the following phylogenetic relationships:References
* {{Taxonbar, from1=Q60412965, from2=Q85556098 Rosid subfamilies Afrotropical realm flora