The population of

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 in 2010. Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides on

Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's mos ...

, which is the most populous island in the world. Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since 1967, Indonesia's average population growth per year was over 1.1% for the decade ending in 2020, nearly having 13% population growth for that decade. At this rate, Indonesia's population is projected to surpass the population of the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

if the population growth is not maintained . Indonesia has a relatively young population compared to Western nations, though it is aging as the country's birth rate has slowed and its

life expectancy Life expectancy is a statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, current age, and other demographic factors like sex. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth ...

has increased. The median age was 30.2 years in 2017. Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. Since independence,

Indonesian Indonesian is anything of, from, or related to Indonesia, an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. It may refer to: * Indonesians, citizens of Indonesia ** Native Indonesians, diverse groups of local inhabitants of the archipelago ** Indonesian ...

is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. Many local ethnic languages are the first language of most Indonesians and are still important.

Population

Population by province

Source: Population Census 2010, except for final column, taken from Inter-Census Survey 2015. Note: ^(a) North Kalimantan province was created in 2012 (by separation from East Kalimantan province); the 2010 total figures given are those for the provinces as they were following that splitting (Urban % and Total Fertility Rate columns unadjusted).

Age structure

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020):

Vital statistics

United Nations estimates

Source:

UN DESA The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA) is part of the United Nations Secretariat and is responsible for the follow-up to major United Nations Summits and Conferences, as well as services to the United Nations Econ ...

, World Population Prospects, 2022

Registered births and deaths

Data from Department of Statistics of Indonesia :

Fertility and Births (Demographic and Health Surveys)

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR): According to the CIA World Factbook, in 2020 Indonesia's average total fertility rate was 2.04 children/born per woman.

Fertility rate and aging population (by province)

Total fertility rate The total fertility rate (TFR) of a population is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime if: # she were to experience the exact current age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) through her lifetime # she were t ...

(TFR) and population over age 60 by region as of 2010:

Ethnic groups

There are over 1,300 ethnic groups in Indonesia; 95% of those are of

Native Indonesian Native Indonesians, also known as ''Pribumi'' (), are Indonesians whose ancestral roots lie mainly in the archipelago, distinguished from Indonesians of known (partial) foreign descent, like Chinese Indonesians (Tionghoa), Arab Indonesians, Indi ...

ancestry. Javanese is the largest group with 100 million people (42%), followed by

Sundanese Sundanese may refer to: * Sundanese people * Sundanese language * Sundanese script Standard Sundanese script (''Aksara Sunda Baku'', ) is a writing system which is used by the Sundanese people. It is built based on Old Sundanese script (' ...

, who number nearly 40 million (15%).

Religions

Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation; 86.7% of Indonesians declared themselves Muslim in the 2018 census.Penduduk Menurut Wilayah dan Agama yang Dianut
/ref> 10.72% of the population adhered to

Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...

(of which more than 70% were

Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century against what its followers perceived to b ...

), 1.74% were

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

, 0.77%

Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

, and 0.07% of other faiths. Most Indonesian Hindus are Balinese and most Buddhists in modern-day Indonesia are

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

Languages

is the official language, but there are many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 living languages spoken in Indonesia, the most widely spoken being Javanese and

. In Western New Guinea, there are more than 270 indigenous languages in spoken form. Some Chinese varieties, most prominently

Min Nan Southern Min (), Minnan ( Mandarin pronunciation: ) or Banlam (), is a group of linguistically similar and historically related Sinitic languages that form a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Fujian (especially the Minnan region), most of Taiwan ...

, are also spoken. The public use of

, especially usage of Chinese characters, was dissuaded officially between 1966 and 1998.

Literacy

''definition:'' age 15 and over can read and write
''total population:'' 92.81%
''male:'' 95.5%
''female:'' 90.4% (2011 est.) Education is free in state schools; it is compulsory for children through to grade 12. Although about 92% of eligible children are enrolled in primary school, a much smaller percentage attend full-time. About 44% of secondary school-age children attend junior high school, and some others of this age group attend vocational schools.

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Age structure :''0-14 years:'' 23.33% :''15-64 years:'' 70.72% :''65 years and over:'' 5.95% (2020 census) Median age :''total:'' 31.1 years :''male:'' 30.5 years :''female:'' 31.8 years (2020 est.) Birth rate :15.32 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Death rate :6.75 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Population growth rate :1.097% (2010 est.) :1.04% (2012 est.) :0.86% (2017 est.) :0.79% (2022 est.) Urbanization :''urban population:'' 57.9% of total population (2022) :''rate of urbanisation:'' 1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) Sex ratio :''at birth:'' 1.05 male(s)/female :''0-14 years:'' 1.05 male(s)/female :''15-24 years:'' 1.05 male(s)/female :''25-54 years:'' 0.99 male(s)/female :''55-64 years:'' 0.98 male(s)/female :''65 years and over:'' 0.66 male(s)/female :''total population:'' 1 male(s)/female (2022 est.) Infant mortality rate :''total:'' 19.73 deaths/1,000 live births :''male:'' 22.15 deaths/1,000 live births :''female:'' 17.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.) Life expectancy at birth :''total population:'' 73.08 years :''male:'' 70.86 years :''female:'' 75.4 years (2022 est.) Total fertility rate :2.01 children born/woman (2022 est.) HIV/AIDS : Adult prevalence rate: 0.4% (2017 est.) : People living with HIV/AIDS: 630,000 (2017 est.) : HIV/AIDS deaths: 39,000 (2017 est.) Obesity – adult prevalence rate : 6.9% (2016) Children under the age of 5 years underweight : 19.9% (2013) Nationality :''noun:'' Indonesian(s) :''adjective:'' Indonesian :''Ethnic groups:'' Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.) Religions :Muslim 86.7%, Christianity 10.72% (Protestant 7.6% and Roman Catholic 3.12%), Hinduism 1.74%, other 0.8% (includes Buddhist and Confucian), unspecified 0.04% (2018 est.) Languages :

(official, a form of Malay influenced by other languages of Indonesia), local languages (the most widely spoken of which is Javanese). School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) :''total:'' 11 years :''male:'' 12 years :''female:'' 11 years (2005) Education expenditures :2.8% of GDP (2014)

References

External links

Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics

CIA World Factbook article on Indonesia

United Nations "World Population Prospects": Country Profile – Indonesia
{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics of Indonesia