The

state funeral A state funeral is a public funeral ceremony, observing the strict rules of protocol, held to honour people of national significance. State funerals usually include much pomp and ceremony as well as religious overtones and distinctive elements of ...

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until Death and state funeral of Edward VII, his death in 1910. The second chil ...

King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland There have been 13 British monarchs since the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. England and Scotland had been in personal union since 24 March 1603. On 1 January 1801, the Kingdom of Great Brita ...

and

Emperor of India Emperor or Empress of India was a title used by British monarchs from 1 May 1876 (with the Royal Titles Act 1876) to 22 June 1948, that was used to signify their rule over British India, as its imperial head of state. Royal Proclamation of 2 ...

, occurred on Friday, 20 May 1910. The funeral was the largest gathering of

European royalty Monarchy was the prevalent form of government in the history of Europe throughout the Middle Ages, only occasionally competing with communalism, notably in the case of the Maritime republics and the Swiss Confederacy. Republicanism became mo ...

ever to take place, and the last before many royal families were deposed in the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

and its aftermath.

Organisation

King Edward VII had died on 6 May, and following a private lying in state in the Throne Room at

Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace () is a London royal residence and the administrative headquarters of the monarch of the United Kingdom. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is often at the centre of state occasions and royal hospitality. It ...

, on 17 May the coffin was taken in procession to

Westminster Hall The Palace of Westminster serves as the meeting place for both the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Informally known as the Houses of Parli ...

, where there was a public lying in state. This was the first to be held in the hall for a member of the royal family and was inspired by the lying in state of

William Gladstone William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. In a career lasting over 60 years, he served for 12 years as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, spread over four non-conse ...

there in 1898. A short service was held at the arrival of the coffin, with the combined choirs of

Westminster Abbey Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster, is an historic, mainly Gothic church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the United ...

and the

Chapel Royal The Chapel Royal is an establishment in the Royal Household serving the spiritual needs of the sovereign and the British Royal Family. Historically it was a body of priests and singers that travelled with the monarch. The term is now also appl ...

singing the hymn ''

Praise, my soul, the King of heaven "Praise, my soul, the King of heaven" is a Christian hymn. Its text, which draws from Psalm 103, was written by Anglicanism#Anglican divines, Anglican divine (clergyman) Henry Francis Lyte. First published in 1834, it endures in modern hymnals to ...

'' at the request of Queen Mary, although it was noted that their voices were drowned by the accompanying military band. On the first day, thousands of members of the public queued patiently in the rain to pay their respects; some 25,000 people were turned away when the gates were closed at 10 pm. On 19 May, Emperor

Wilhelm II , house = Hohenzollern , father = Frederick III, German Emperor , mother = Victoria, Princess Royal , religion = Lutheranism (Prussian United) , signature = Wilhelm II, German Emperor Signature-.svg Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor ...

of Germany, wanted to have the hall closed while he laid a wreath; however, the police advised that there might be disorder if that happened, so the emperor was taken in through another entrance while the public continued to file past. An estimated half a million people visited the hall during the three days that it was open. King Edward VII after death

The funeral was held two weeks after the king's death on 20 May. Huge crowds, estimated at between three and five million, gathered to watch the procession, the route of which was lined by 35,000 soldiers. It passed from Buckingham Palace to Westminster Hall, where a small ceremony was conducted by the

Archbishop of Canterbury The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Just ...

Randall Davidson Randall Thomas Davidson, 1st Baron Davidson of Lambeth, (7 April 1848 – 25 May 1930) was an Anglican priest who was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1903 to 1928. He was the longest-serving holder of the office since the Reformation, and the f ...

, before a small group of official mourners – the late King's widow

Queen Alexandra Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Caroline Marie Charlotte Louise Julia; 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925) was Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India, from 22 January 1901 to 6 May 1910 as the wife of ...

, his son

King George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936. Born during the reign of his grandmother Qu ...

, his daughter The Princess Victoria, his brother the

Duke of Connaught Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom that was granted on 24 May 1874 by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to her third son, Prince Arthur. At the same time, he was also ...

, and his nephew the

German Emperor The German Emperor (german: Deutscher Kaiser, ) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the German Empire. A specifically chosen term, it was introduced with the 1 January 1871 constitution and lasted until the offi ...

. The remainder of the funeral party waited outside the Hall, consisting of thousands of people.

Big Ben Big Ben is the nickname for the Great Bell of the Great Clock of Westminster, at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London, England, and the name is frequently extended to refer also to the clock and the clock tower. The officia ...

, the bell in the nearby clock tower, was rung 68 times, one for each year of Edward VII's life. This was the first time it was used in this way at a monarch's funeral. Edward VII Funeral Charger and Caesar

The whole procession then proceeded from Westminster Hall, via

Whitehall Whitehall is a road and area in the City of Westminster, Central London. The road forms the first part of the A3212 road from Trafalgar Square to Chelsea. It is the main thoroughfare running south from Trafalgar Square towards Parliament Sq ...

and the Mall, from

Hyde Park Corner Hyde Park Corner is between Knightsbridge, Belgravia and Mayfair in London, England. It primarily refers to its major road junction at the southeastern corner of Hyde Park, that was designed by Decimus Burton. Six streets converge at the ...

up to the

Marble Arch The Marble Arch is a 19th-century white marble-faced triumphal arch in London, England. The structure was designed by John Nash in 1827 to be the state entrance to the cour d'honneur of Buckingham Palace; it stood near the site of what is toda ...

, and thence to

Paddington Station Paddington, also known as London Paddington, is a Central London railway terminus and London Underground station complex, located on Praed Street in the Paddington area. The site has been the London terminus of services provided by the Great ...

; from there, a

funeral train A funeral train carries a coffin or coffins (caskets) to a place of interment by railway. Funeral trains today are often reserved for leaders, national heroes, or government officials, as part of a state funeral, but in the past were sometimes ...

conveyed the mourners to

Windsor Windsor may refer to: Places Australia * Windsor, New South Wales ** Municipality of Windsor, a former local government area * Windsor, Queensland, a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland **Shire of Windsor, a former local government authority around Wi ...

. The mourners used the

Royal Train A royal train is a set of railway carriages dedicated for the use of the monarch or other members of a royal family. Most monarchies with a railway system employ a set of royal carriages. Australia The various government railway operators of ...

, which together with the funeral car built for Queen Victoria, was hauled by the

GWR 4000 Class The Great Western Railway 4000 or Star were a class of 4-cylinder 4-6-0 passenger steam locomotives designed by George Jackson Churchward for the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1906 and introduced from early 1907. The prototype was built as a 4 ...

locomotive ''King Edward''. From the station, the procession then continued on to

Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. It is strongly associated with the English and succeeding British royal family, and embodies almost a millennium of architectural history. The original c ...

, and a full funeral ceremony was held in St George's Chapel. The funeral service followed the format used for

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days was longer than that of any previ ...

, except that it included the

interment Burial, also known as interment or inhumation, is a method of final disposition whereby a dead body is placed into the ground, sometimes with objects. This is usually accomplished by excavating a pit or trench, placing the deceased and objec ...

within the chapel, whereas Victoria had been interred at

Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore The Royal Mausoleum is a mausoleum for Queen Victoria and her husband Albert, Prince Consort. It is located on the Frogmore estate within the Home Park at Windsor in Berkshire, England. It was listed Grade I on the National Heritage List for Engla ...

. The liturgy was closely based on the ''Order for The Burial of the Dead'' from the ''

Book of Common Prayer The ''Book of Common Prayer'' (BCP) is the name given to a number of related prayer books used in the Anglican Communion and by other Christian churches historically related to Anglicanism. The original book, published in 1549 in the reign ...

''. Queen Alexandra had specifically requested an

anthem An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short s ...

by Sir

Arthur Sullivan Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan (13 May 1842 – 22 November 1900) was an English composer. He is best known for 14 comic opera, operatic Gilbert and Sullivan, collaborations with the dramatist W. S. Gilbert, including ''H.M.S. Pinaf ...

, ''Brother, thou art gone before us'', however Archbishop Davidson and other senior clerics thought that the piece lacked sufficient gravitas and Alexandra was persuaded to accept instead ''His Body Is Buried In Peace'', the chorus from

George Frideric Handel George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (; baptised , ; 23 February 1685 – 14 April 1759) was a German-British Baroque music, Baroque composer well known for his opera#Baroque era, operas, oratorios, anthems, concerto grosso, concerti grossi, ...

's ''Funeral Anthem For Queen Caroline''. Alexandra also requested two hymns that were sung by the congregation, ''My God, my Father, while I stray'' and ''Now the labourer's task is o'er''; this was an innovation at royal state funerals. Tomb of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra

Tomb of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra

The funeral directors to the Royal Household appointed to assist during this occasion were the family business of

William Banting William Banting (''c.'' December 1796 – 16 March 1878) was a notable English undertaker. Formerly obese, he is also known for being the first to popularise a weight loss diet based on limiting the intake of carbohydrates, especially those ...

St James's Street St James's Street is the principal street in the district of St James's, central London. It runs from Piccadilly downhill to St James's Palace and Pall Mall. The main gatehouse of the Palace is at the southern end of the road; in the 17th centur ...

, London. The Banting family also conducted the funerals of

King George III George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great B ...

in 1820,

King George IV George IV (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover from the death of his father, King George III, on 29 January 1820, until his own death ten ye ...

in 1830, the

Duke of Gloucester Duke of Gloucester () is a British royal title (after Gloucester), often conferred on one of the sons of the reigning monarch. The first four creations were in the Peerage of England and the last in the Peerage of the United Kingdom; the curre ...

in 1834, the

Duke of Wellington Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister ...

in 1852, Prince Albert in 1861, Prince Leopold in 1884, and Queen Victoria in 1901. The royal undertaking warrant for the Banting family ended in 1928 with the retirement of William Westport Banting.Todd Van Beck, "The Death and State Funeral of Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill", part II, in ''Canadian Funeral News'' (October 2012), Vol. 40 Issue 10, p. 10
online
) Edward's body was temporarily interred in the Royal Vault at Windsor under the Albert Chapel. On the instructions of Queen Alexandra, a monument in the South Aisle was designed and executed by

Bertram Mackennal Sir Edgar Bertram Mackennal (12 June 186310 October 1931), usually known as Bertram Mackennal, was an Australian sculptor and medallist, most famous for designing the coinage and stamps bearing the likeness of George V. He signed his work "BM". ...

in 1919, featuring

tomb effigies A tomb effigy, usually a recumbent effigy or, in French, ''gisant'' (French language, French, "lying"), is a sculpted figure on a tomb monument depicting in effigy the deceased. These compositions were developed in Western Europe in the M ...

of the king and queen in white marble mounted on a black and green marble

sarcophagus A sarcophagus (plural sarcophagi or sarcophaguses) is a box-like funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. The word ''sarcophagus'' comes from the Gre ...

, where both bodies were interred after the Queen Mother's death in 1925. The monument includes a depiction of Edward's favourite dog,

Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, an ...

, lying at his feet.

People in the procession

The Nine Sovereigns at Windsor for the funeral of King Edward VII

The funeral was notable for the enormous number of important European and world royalty who participated in it. Including other participants, 70 states were represented. The funeral procession saw a horseback procession, followed by 11 carriages.

, the late King's dogs led the funeral procession with a highlander walking behind the carriage that carried the King's coffin. The Funeral of King Edward VII (16566590837)

The Funeral of King Edward VII (16566590837)

Guests

As per report in London Gazette.

British royal family

, ''the late king's widow'' ** The King and

Queen of the United Kingdom The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies (the Bailiw ...

, ''the late king's son and daughter-in-law'' *** The Duke of Cornwall, ''the late King's grandson'' *** The Prince Albert, ''the late King's grandson'' *** The Princess Mary, ''the late king's granddaughter'' *** The Prince Henry, ''the late king's grandson'' **

The Princess Royal Princess Royal is a style customarily (but not automatically) awarded by a British monarch to their eldest daughter. Although purely honorary, it is the highest honour that may be given to a female member of the royal family. There have been sev ...

and the Duke of Fife, ''the late king's daughter and son-in-law'' *** Princess Alexandra, ''the late king's granddaughter'' *** Princess Maud, ''the late king's granddaughter'' ** The Princess Victoria, ''the late king's daughter'' **

The Queen In the English-speaking world, The Queen most commonly refers to: * Elizabeth II (1926–2022), Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 1952 until her death The Queen may also refer to: * Camilla, Queen Consort (born 1947), ...

and

King of Norway The Norwegian monarch is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingd ...

, ''the late king's daughter and son-in-law (also nephew)'' *

Princess Princess is a regal rank and the feminine equivalent of prince (from Latin '' princeps'', meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a king or prince. Princess as a subs ...

and

Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (Frederick Christian Charles Augustus; 22 January 1831 – 28 October 1917) was a minor Danish-born German prince who became a member of the British royal family through his marriage to Princess Helena ...

, ''the late king's sister and brother-in-law'' **

Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (Albert John Charles Frederick Alfred George; 26 February 1869 – 27 April 1931), was a grandson of Queen Victoria. He was the second son of Victoria's daughter Princess Helena by her husband Prince Christian ...

, ''the late king's nephew'' ** Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, ''the late king's niece'' **

Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein (Franziska Josepha Louise Augusta Marie Christina Helena; 12 August 1872 – 8 December 1956) was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Early life Princess Marie Louise was born at Cumberland Lodge in ...

, ''the late king's niece'' * The Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll and the Duke of Argyll, ''the late king's sister and brother-in-law'' * The Duke and Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, ''the late king's brother and sister-in-law'' ** Prince Arthur of Connaught, ''the late king's nephew'' **

Princess Patricia of Connaught Lady Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth Ramsay, (born Princess Patricia of Connaught; 17 March 1886 – 12 January 1974) was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Upon her marriage to Alexander Ramsay, she relinquished her title of a British pri ...

, ''the late king's niece'' * Princess Henry of Battenberg, ''the late king's sister'' ** Prince Alexander of Battenberg, ''the late king's nephew'' **

Prince Maurice of Battenberg Prince Maurice of Battenberg , (Maurice Victor Donald; 3 October 1891 – 27 October 1914) was a member of the Hessian princely Battenberg family and the extended British Royal Family, and the youngest grandchild of Queen Victoria. He was kno ...

, ''the late king's nephew'' ** The King of Spain, ''the late king's nephew-in-law'' * The Dowager Duchess of Albany, ''the late king's sister-in-law'' ** The Duke and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Duke and Duchess of Albany), ''the late king's nephew and niece-in-law (also half-first cousin twice removed)'' **

Prince Alexander of Teck Major General Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George; born Prince Alexander of Teck; 14 April 1874 – 16 January 1957), was a British Army commander and major-general who served as Governor- ...

, ''the late king's nephew-in-law (also second cousin)'' *

and

Prince Louis of Battenberg Admiral of the Fleet Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, (24 May 185411 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a British naval officer and German prince related by marriage to the British ...

, ''the late king's niece and nephew-in-law'' **

and

Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark ( el, Ανδρέας; da, Andreas; – 3 December 1944) of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, was the seventh child and fourth son of King George I of Greece and Olga Constantino ...

, ''the late king's great-niece and the late king's nephew'' ** Princess Louise of Battenberg, ''the late king's great-niece'' ** Prince George of Battenberg, ''the late king's great-nephew'' *

Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Princess Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (Laura Williamina Seymour; 17 December 1832 – 13 February 1912)Burke's Peerage, 107th edition - "Hertford, Marquess of". was a British-born aristocrat whose marriage to a German prince naturalised in ...

, ''widow of the late king's half-first cousin'' ** Countess Feodora Gleichen, ''the late king's half-first cousin once removed'' ** Count Edward Gleichen, ''the late king's half-first cousin once removed'' * The Duke and Duchess of Teck, ''the late king's second cousin and his wife'' * Prince Francis of Teck, ''the late king's second cousin''

Foreign royalty

* The German Emperor, ''the late king's nephew'' * Prince Henry of Prussia, ''the late king's nephew'' * The Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, ''the late king's nephew'' * The Crown Prince of Romania, ''the late King's nephew-in-law'' (representing the King of the Romanians) * The King of Denmark, ''the late king's brother-in-law'' ** The Duke of Västergötland, ''the late king's nephew-in-law'' (representing the

King of Sweden The monarchy of Sweden is the monarchical head of state of Sweden,See the Instrument of Government, Chapter 1, Article 5. which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system.Parliamentary system: see the Instrument ...

) * The King of the Hellenes, ''the late king's brother-in-law'' ** The Duke of Sparta, ''the late king's nephew'' **

Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark ( el, Χριστόφορος; 10 August 1888 – 21 January 1940) was the fifth and youngest son and youngest child of King George I of Greece, belonging to a dynasty which mounted and lost the throne of ...

, ''the late king's nephew'' * Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia, ''the late king's sister-in-law'' **

Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia (russian: Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович, r=Mikhail Aleksandrovich; 13 June 1918) was the youngest son and fifth child of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and youngest brother of Nicholas ...

, ''the late king's nephew'' (representing the

Russian Emperor The emperor or empress of all the Russias or All Russia, ''Imperator Vserossiyskiy'', ''Imperatritsa Vserossiyskaya'' (often titled Tsar or Tsarina/Tsaritsa) was the monarch of the Russian Empire. The title originated in connection with Russi ...

) *Prince George William of Hanover and Cumberland, ''the late king's nephew'' *

Prince Maximilian of Baden Maximilian, Margrave of Baden (''Maximilian Alexander Friedrich Wilhelm''; 10 July 1867 – 6 November 1929),Almanach de Gotha. ''Haus Baden (Maison de Bade)''. Justus Perthes, Gotha, 1944, p. 18, (French). also known as Max von Baden, was a Ge ...

, ''the late king's nephew-in-law'' (representing the

Grand Duke of Baden The Grand Duchy of Baden (german: Großherzogtum Baden) was a state in the southwest German Empire on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918. It came into existence in the 12th century as the Margraviate of Baden and subse ...

) * The Tsar of the Bulgarians, ''the late king's second cousin'' * The King of the Belgians, ''the late king's second cousin'' * The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, ''the late king's second cousin'' ** The Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, ''the late king's second cousin once removed'' ** The Crown Prince of Montenegro, ''husband of the late king's second cousin once removed'' (representing the Prince of Montenegro) * Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, ''the late king's second cousin'' **

Prince Leopold Clement of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Prince Leopold Clement Philipp August Maria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (19 July 1878 – 27 April 1916) was an Austro-Hungarian officer and the heir apparent to the wealth of the House of Koháry. His death in a murder–suicide shocked the royal ...

, ''the late king's second cousin once removed'' * The Count of Eu, ''the late king's second cousin'' ** Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza, ''the late king's second cousin once removed'' * The Duke of Alençon, ''the late king's second cousin'' ** The Duke of Vendôme, ''the late king's second cousin once removed'' *

Duke Albrecht of Württemberg Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they are rank ...

, ''the late king's second cousin once removed'' (representing the

King of Württemberg King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...

) * The King of Portugal, ''the late king's second cousin twice removed'' * The Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, ''brother of the late king's sister-in-law'' * Prince Wolrad of Waldeck and Pyrmont, ''half-brother of the late king's sister-in-law'' *

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria Archduke Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria of Austria, (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary. His assassination in Sarajevo was the most immediate cause of World War I. Fr ...

(representing the

Emperor of Austria The Emperor of Austria (german: Kaiser von Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A hereditary imperial title and office proclaimed in 1804 by Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, a member of the Hou ...

) * The Crown Prince of the Ottoman Empire (representing the

Ottoman Sultan The sultans of the Ottoman Empire ( tr, Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. At its hei ...

) * The Duke of Aosta (representing the

King of Italy King of Italy ( it, links=no, Re d'Italia; la, links=no, Rex Italiae) was the title given to the ruler of the Kingdom of Italy after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. The first to take the title was Odoacer, a barbarian military leader ...

) *

Prince Fushimi Sadanaru was the 22nd head of the Fushimi-no-miya shinnōke (branch of the Imperial Family). He was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army. Early life Prince Sadanaru was born in Kyoto as the fourteenth son of Prince Fushimi Kuniie (1802– ...

(representing the

Emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the ...

) * Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria (representing the Prince Regent of Bavaria) * The Crown Prince of Serbia (representing the

King of Serbia This is an archontological list of Serbian monarchs, containing monarchs of the medieval principalities, to heads of state of modern Serbia. The Serbian monarchy dates back to the Early Middle Ages. The Serbian royal titles used include Knyaz ...

) * Prince Henry of the Netherlands (representing the Queen of the Netherlands) * Prince Johann Georg of Saxony (representing the

King of Saxony This article lists dukes, electors, and kings ruling over different territories named Saxony from the beginning of the Saxon Duchy in the 6th century to the end of the German monarchies in 1918. The electors of Saxony from John the Steadfast on ...

) * Prince Mohammed Ali of Egypt (representing the Khedive of Egypt and Sudan) * Prince Bovaradej of Siam (representing the

King of Siam The monarchy of Thailand (whose monarch is referred to as the king of Thailand; th, พระมหากษัตริย์ไทย, or historically, king of Siam; th, พระมหากษัตริย์สยาม) refers to the c ...

) * Prince Zaitao of China (representing the

Emperor of China ''Huangdi'' (), translated into English as Emperor, was the superlative title held by monarchs of China who ruled various imperial regimes in Chinese history. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was considered the Son of Heav ...

) *

Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia (Russian: Михаил Михайлович; 16 October 1861 – 26 April 1929) was a son of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia and a grandson of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. He was raised in the ...

* The Duke of Penthièvre * The Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau

Other dignitaries

* Former President

Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...

, representing the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

Foreign Affairs Minister In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

Stephen Pichon, representing the

French Republic France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

* Samad Khan Momtaz os-Saltaneh, representing

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

* Sir George Reid, High Commissioner of Australia to the United Kingdom

Nobility

* The Duke of Norfolk * The Duke of Beaufort * The Duke of Bedford * The Duke of Montrose * The Duke of Northumberland * The Duke of Richmond and Gordon * The Duchess of Buccleuch * The Marquess of Cholmondeley * The Marquess of Ripon * The Marquess of Breadalbane * The Marquess of Hertford *

The Marquess of Londonderry Marquess of Londonderry, of the County of Londonderry ( ), is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. History The title was created in 1816 for Robert Stewart, 1st Earl of Londonderry. He had earlier represented County Down in the Irish House of ...

* The Marquess of Salisbury * The Earl of Granard * The Earl Beauchamp * The Earl of Dundonald * The Earl Granville * The Earl of Liverpool * The Earl Howe * The Earl of Gosford * The Earl of Shaftesbury * The Earl Roberts * The Earl of Albemarle * The Earl of Harrington * The Earl of Stradbroke * The Earl Fortescue * The Earl of Scarbrough * The Earl of Kilmorey * The Earl Brownlow * The Earl of Harewood * The Earl of Clarendon * The Earl of Haddington * The Earl of Kintore * The Earl of Leicester * The Earl Cawdor * The Earl of Rosebery * The Earl of Denbigh * The Viscount Althorp * The Viscount Esher * The Viscount Kitchener * The Viscount Galway * The Viscount Churchill * The Lord Grenfell * The Lord Acton * The Lord Suffield * The Baron Farquhar * The Baron Colebrooke * The Lord Herschell * The Lord Allendale * The Lord Denman * The Lord Knollys * The Lord Wenlock * The Lord Lovat * The Lord Harris * The Lord Belper * The Lord Fisher * The Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal * The Lord Hamilton of Dalzell * The Lord Tweedmouth *

Lord Marcus Beresford Lord Marcus Talbot de la Poer Beresford, KCVO (25 December 1848 – 16 December 1922) was an equerry and racing manager. The son of the 4th Marquess of Waterford, he ran the stables of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales from 1890. On the Prince's ...

* Lord Charles Fitzmaurice * Lord Walter Kerr * Lord Algernon Percy * The Hon. Seymour Fortescue * The Hon. Henry Legge * The Hon. Edmund Fremantle * The Hon. Arthur Walsh * The Hon. Sir Hedworth Lambton * The Hon. Derek Keppel * The Hon. Charles Wentworth-FitzWilliam * The Hon. Sir Assheton Curzon-Howe

Notes

References

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The Times ''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper '' The Sunday Times'' ( ...

'', May 21, 1910 {{DEFAULTSORT:Edward VII, Funeral of Edward VII 1910 in Europe 1910 in the United Kingdom 1910s in the City of Westminster Articles containing video clips European court festivities Events involving British royalty

May 1910 events

Westminster Abbey