Döbeln ( hsb, Doblin) is a town in
Saxony
Saxony (german: Sachsen ; Upper Saxon: ''Saggsn''; hsb, Sakska), officially the Free State of Saxony (german: Freistaat Sachsen, links=no ; Upper Saxon: ''Freischdaad Saggsn''; hsb, Swobodny stat Sakska, links=no), is a landlocked state of ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
, part of the
Mittelsachsen
Mittelsachsen ("Central Saxony") is a district ('' Kreis'') in the Free State of Saxony, Germany.
History
The district was established by merging the former districts of Döbeln, Freiberg and Mittweida as part of the district reform of August ...
district, on both banks of the river
Freiberger Mulde
The Freiberger Mulde ( cs, Freiberská Mulda, also called the ''Östliche Mulde'' or Eastern Mulde) is the right-hand, headstream of the river Mulde, whose catchment covers an area of in the Czech Republic and Germany in central Saxony. It has a ...
.
History
* 981: First written mention of Döbeln (
Margravate of Meissen
The Margravate of Meissen (german: Markgrafschaft Meißen) was a medieval principality in the area of the modern German state of Saxony. It originally was a frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire, created out of the vast '' Marca Geronis'' ( Sax ...
).
* Around 1220: Döbeln is described as a town ("''civitas''").
* 1293: First mention of
* 1296: Castle and town are occupied by
Adolf of Nassau.
* 1330: Monastery buildings are completed.
* 1333: A serious fire incinerates the entire town.
* 1360: Knight
Ulmann of Staupitz builds
castle Reichenstein.
* 1429: Looting of the town and destruction of the castle by the
Hussites
The Hussites ( cs, Husité or ''KaliÅ¡nÃci''; "Chalice People") were a Czech proto-Protestant Christian movement that followed the teachings of reformer Jan Hus, who became the best known representative of the Bohemian Reformation.
The Hussit ...
.
* 1450: Döbeln is raided by Bohemians in the service of duke
Wilhelm of Wettin, severely damaging the castle (see
Saxon Fratricidal War
The Saxon Fratricidal WarThis translation is employed by the Museum Leuchtenburg in thei (German: ''Sächsischer Bruderkrieg'') was a war fought between the two brothers Frederick II, Elector of Saxony and Duke William III over Wettin ruled area ...
). After that, the castle declined in its importance.
* 1567: Döbeln was mentioned as "deserted palace" and afterwards only used as a quarry.
* 1637: Plundered by the Swedes
* 1730: Another serious fire hit Döbeln. As a result, the remains of the castle were used as building material for rebuilding. In this fire, 266 homeowners and 400 renters lost their homes.
* 12 May 1762 (during the
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (1754†...
): between the Prussians and the Austrians. The troops of
Prince Henry of Prussia defeated the Austrian troops and took prisoners including the commander .
* 1754–1810: Döbeln is a
garrison
A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mil ...
of the infantry regiment Lubomirsky.
* 1847: Döbeln was connected to the
railway from Riesa.
* 1857: The railway was extended to Chemnitz.
* 1868: The
Dresden-Döbeln-Leipzig railway line was opened.
* 1945: Döbeln was occupied by the Soviet Army without a shot being fired. In June, 1945, the city issued two postage stamps of its own, consisting of Hitler's face blacked out.
Population history
From 31 December 1960 unless otherwise noted:
![Population Statistics Döbeln](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Population_Statistics_D%C3%B6beln.png)
Note that the village of
Ebersbach, with its population of approximately 1,000 was merged into Döbeln in 2011. On 1 January 2016, the former municipality
Mochau
Mochau is a former municipality in the district of Mittelsachsen, in Saxony, Germany. Since 1 January 2016 it is part of the town Döbeln
Döbeln ( hsb, Doblin) is a town in Saxony, Germany, part of the Mittelsachsen district, on both banks ...
became part of Döbeln.
Memorials
![DöbelnSchlegelbrunnen3](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/D%C3%B6belnSchlegelbrunnen3.JPG)
* Memorial in front of the ''Crematorium'' in the graveyard for 21 Polish and Russian men and women who were transported to Germany during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
and died as slave laborers.
* Memorial at ''Wettinplatz'' for all victims of fascism.
* Memorial in front of the Lessing School for the victims of war and dictatorship between the years 1933 and 1989.
Transport
Döbeln Central Station is on the
Borsdorf–Coswig and
Riesa–Chemnitz lines.
It has two connections to the
A14 motorway (Autobahn).
Döbeln has the last remaining
horse-drawn tram
A horsecar, horse-drawn tram, horse-drawn streetcar (U.S.), or horse-drawn railway (historical), is an animal-powered (usually horse) tram or streetcar.
Summary
The horse-drawn tram (horsecar) was an early form of public rail transport, w ...
line in Germany, in the form of the
Döbeln Tramway. This line originally ran from 1892 to 1926, and was reopened in 2007.
Notable people
*
Felix Friedrich (born 1945), musicologist
*
Rainer Kirsch
Rainer Kirsch (17 July 1934 – 4 September 2015) was a German writer and poet.
Life and career
Kirsch was born in Döbeln in 1934. After graduating from high school, he studied history at the Klosterschule Roßleben and philosophy at the Marti ...
(1934–2015), writer and poet
*
Helmut Rosenbaum (1913–1944), Nazi commander
Twin towns – sister cities
Döbeln is
twinned with:
*
Givors
Givors (; frp, Givôrs) is a commune in the Metropolis of Lyon in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France.
Location
It lies at the confluence of the Rhone and the Gier about south of Lyon and on the main road between that city and Sai ...
, France
*
Heidenheim an der Brenz
Heidenheim an der Brenz, or just Heidenheim (; Swabian: ''Hoidna'' or ''Hoirna''), is a town in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is located near the border with Bavaria, approximately 17 km south of Aalen and 33 km north of ...
, Germany
*
Unna
Unna is a city of around 59,000 people in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, the seat of the Unna district.
The newly refurbished Unna station has trains to all major cities in North Rhine Westphalia including Dortmund, Cologne, Münster, Hamm, D ...
, Germany
*
Vyškov
Vyškov (; german: Wischau) is a town in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.
Administrative parts
Vyškov ...
, Czech Republic
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
*
External links
Döbeln-Wiki(German)
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dobeln
Mittelsachsen