Dwight Joyce Ingle (September 4, 1907 – July 28, 1978) was an American physiologist and endocrinologist who was the chairman of the

physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...

department at the

University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private university, private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park, Chicago, Hyde Park neighborhood. The University of Chic ...

. His obituary in the National Academy of Sciences' ''Biographical Memoirs'' described him as "a first-rank, pioneering scientist in a new and uncharted field .e._endocrinology.html" ;"title="endocrinology.html" ;"title=".e. endocrinology">.e. endocrinology">endocrinology.html" ;"title=".e. endocrinology">.e. endocrinology" Ingle is known for his development of a bioassay for adrenocortical hormones in rats that was used to purify cortisone. He conducted much of the research that led to the development of this assay while working at the company

Upjohn The Upjohn Company was a pharmaceutical manufacturing firm founded in 1886 in Hastings, Michigan, by Dr. William E. Upjohn who was an 1875 graduate of the University of Michigan medical school. The company was originally formed to make ''friabl ...

. He later resigned from Upjohn after the company's owner insisted on marketing a compound that showed no activity when tested with Ingle's own assay. He also conducted pioneering research on the

ergogenic Performance-enhancing substances, also known as performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), are substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans. A well-known example of cheating in sports involves doping in sport, where ba ...

effects of exposure to

glucocorticoid Glucocorticoids (or, less commonly, glucocorticosteroids) are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones. Glucocorticoids are corticosteroids that bind to the glucocorticoid receptor that is present in almost every verteb ...

s. He was also known for his controversial views on

race and intelligence Discussions of race and intelligence – specifically, claims of differences in intelligence along racial lines – have appeared in both popular science and academic research since the modern concept of race was first introduced. With the inc ...

, arguing in 1961 that "there are reasons for thinking that racial differences in intelligence may be real", and for his criticisms of

desegregation Desegregation is the process of ending the separation of two groups, usually referring to races. Desegregation is typically measured by the index of dissimilarity, allowing researchers to determine whether desegregation efforts are having impact o ...

efforts, arguing that "the random mixing of races in schools and housing... asneither scientifically sound nor morally right." When weighing in on the 'population problem' and the debate on federally funded sterilization of welfare beneficiaries, he is quoted as saying, "millions of people are unqualified for parenthood and should remain childless." Ingle was the founding

editor-in-chief An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The highest-ranking editor of a publication may also be titled editor, managing ...

of ''

Perspectives in Biology and Medicine ''Perspectives in Biology and Medicine'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1957. It publishes essays that explore biology and medicine in relation to their place in society. Authors write informally, presenting their "perspectives" ...

'', which was the first academic journal dedicated exclusively to the publication of

essay An essay is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a letter, a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story. Essays have been sub-classified as formal a ...

s. He served as the president of the Endocrine Society from 1959 to 1960. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences, a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a fellow of the

American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, a ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingle, Dwight Joyce 1907 births 1978 deaths Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences American physiologists American endocrinologists Scientists from Idaho University of Chicago faculty University of Idaho alumni University of Minnesota alumni Academic journal editors Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences People from Latah County, Idaho 20th-century American scientists