![Severodvinsk Yagry Island Beach](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Severodvinsk_Yagry_Island_Beach.jpg)
The Dvina Bay (russian: Двинская Губа) is located in
Arkhangelsk Oblast
Arkhangelsk Oblast (russian: Арха́нгельская о́бласть, ''Arkhangelskaya oblast'') is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It includes the Arctic Ocean, Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land ...
in
Northwestern Russia
Northwest Russia, or the Russian North is the northern part of western Russia. It is bounded by Norway, Finland, the Arctic Ocean, the Ural Mountains and the east-flowing part of the Volga. The area is roughly coterminous with the Northwestern Fe ...
. It is one of four large bays and gulfs of the
White Sea
The White Sea (russian: Белое море, ''Béloye móre''; Karelian and fi, Vienanmeri, lit. Dvina Sea; yrk, Сэрако ямʼ, ''Serako yam'') is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is su ...
, the others being the
Mezen Bay
The Mezen Bay (russian: Мезенская губа) is located in Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug in Northwestern Russia. It is one of four large bays and gulfs of the White Sea, the others being the Dvina Bay, the Onega Bay, and ...
, the
Onega Bay
The Onega Bay (russian: Онежская губа, Онежский залив) is located in the Republic of Karelia and Arkhangelsk Oblast in Northwestern Russia, west of the city of Arkhangelsk. It is the southernmost of four large bays and g ...
, and the
Kandalaksha Gulf
The Kandalaksha Gulf (, sms, Käddluhtt), fi, Kantalahti) is located in the Republic of Karelia, and Murmansk Oblast in northwestern Russia. Forming the north-western corner of the White Sea, it is one of four large bays and gulfs of this sea, ...
. The two main river emptying into the Dvina Bay is the
Northern Dvina River
The Northern Dvina (russian: Се́верная Двина́, ; kv, Вы́нва / Výnva) is a river in northern Russia flowing through the Vologda Oblast and Arkhangelsk Oblast into the Dvina Bay of the White Sea. Along with the Pechora River ...
, while the two cities on the bay are
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (, ; rus, Арха́нгельск, p=ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies o ...
and
Severodvinsk
Severodvinsk ( rus, Северодвинск, p=sʲɪvʲɪrɐdˈvʲinsk) is a city in the north of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located in the delta of the Northern Dvina, west of Arkhangelsk, the administrative center of the oblast. As of the 2 ...
. The Dvina Bay is long and wide.
Administratively, the coast and the islands belong to
Primorsky District
Primorsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. The name literally means "near the sea".
Districts of the federal subjects
*Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, an administrative and municipal distr ...
of Arkhangelsk Oblast.
The Northern Dvina forms a
delta
Delta commonly refers to:
* Delta (letter) (Δ or δ), a letter of the Greek alphabet
* River delta, at a river mouth
* D (NATO phonetic alphabet: "Delta")
* Delta Air Lines, US
* Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19
Delta may also re ...
entering the Dvina Bay, with many islands separating different streams. There are many small islands in the Dvina Bay as well, the biggest being
Mudyug Island.
A national park,
Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park
Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park (russian: Национальный парк Онежское Поморье) is a national park in the north of Russia, located on Onega Peninsula in Onezhsky and Primorsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast. It was ...
, was open on the Onega Peninsula on 26 February 2013.
The Dvina Bay is limited by the
Onega Peninsula
The Onega Peninsula is located in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It protrudes into the White Sea, with Onega Bay to the south-west, and Dvina Bay to the north-east. The length of the peninsula is about , and the width varies between and .
Geograp ...
from the west. At the eastern side, the shore steeply rises to a plateau (
White Sea - Kuloy Plateau) which drains east into the
Soyana
Soyana (russian: Сояна) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Soyanskoye Rural Settlement of Mezensky District
Mezensky District (russian: Мезе́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), o ...
, a major tributary of the
Kuloy
Kuloy (russian: Кулóй) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Velsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kuloy River, from Arkhangelsk and from Velsk, the administrative center of the district.
History
The hist ...
. The Onega Peninsula shore is often referred to as ''Letny Bereg'' (
Summer Coast
The Summer Coast (''Letniy Bereg'', russian: Летний Берег) is a coastal area in Arkhangelsk Oblast in northwest Russia. It is located on the western side of the Dvina Bay in the White Sea, on the Onega Peninsula, between the Northern Dv ...
), and the eastern shore of the bay is ''Zimny Bereg'' (
Winter Coast
The Winter Coast (''Zimniy Bereg'', russian: Зимний Берег) is a coastal area in Arkhangelsk Oblast in northwest Russia. It is located on the eastern side of the Dvina Bay in the White Sea, between the Northern Dvina delta and Cape Voron ...
). The names reflect the fact that the
Pomors
Pomors or Pomory ( rus, помо́ры, p=pɐˈmorɨ, ''seasiders'') are an ethnographic group descended from Russian settlers, primarily from Veliky Novgorod, living on the White Sea coasts and the territory whose southern border lies on a wa ...
of the Dvina Bay were fishing at Summer Coast and Winter Coast in the summer and in the winter, respectively.
The Dvina Bay coast was populated by Russians (
Novgorodians, of whom the Pomors are the descendants) and
Karelians
Karelians ( krl, karjalaižet, karjalazet, karjalaiset, Finnish: , sv, kareler, karelare, russian: Карелы) are a Finnic ethnic group who are indigenous to the historical region of Karelia, which is today split between Finland and Russi ...
, both not later than in the 13th century. Until the 18th century, when
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
was founded, Arkhangelsk was the only sea harbour of Russia, and the Northern Dvina and the Dvina Bay were main connection of Russia with the outside world. Most of the villages at the Dvina Bay coast such as
Pertominsk
Pertominsk (russian: Пертоминск) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a Village#Russia, settlement) and the administrative center of Pertominskoye Rural Settlement of Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Primor ...
,
Lopshenga
Lopshenga (russian: Лопшеньга) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, rural locality (a Village#Russia, village) and the administrative center of Pertominskoye Rural Settlement of Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Primorsky Di ...
, or
Yarenga
The Yarenga (russian: Яренга) is a river in the Ust-Vymsky District of the Komi Republic and in the Lensky District of the Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Vychegda. The river is long, and its drainage basin cov ...
, are old Pomor villages still depending on fishery. Except for vicinity of the river delta of the Northern Dvina, both Winter and Summer coasts are remote, with sea and air being the only connections to the villages. There is regular sea navigation in the summer, serving all of the villages.
References
{{Authority control
Bays of the White Sea
Bays of Arkhangelsk Oblast